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African and African American StudiesSociolog

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Assessing France as a model of societal success

In this article, we propose a definition of the elusive "French model" of societal success and explore its usefulness for understanding the forces shaping France's future. This model, we suggest, remains "statist-republicanist": its democracy revolves around the idea of republicanism, while its economy continues to rely heavily on market regulation and public intervention. We assess France's model of societal success, which requires exploring the country's long-term assets and liabilities for human development. We argue, first of all, that France relies on a combination of a high fertility rate, an excellent health care system, a low level of income inequalities, and "de-carbonized growth"; second, that it continues to have a major liability, namely, a shadow French model of cultural membership that sustains segregation and discrimination; and third, that it experiences an important decoupling between its profound socio-economic transformations, on the one hand, and its political discourse and representations of the polity, on the other

Sur les frontières de la reconnaissance

Faisant appel aux études récentes portant sur la reconnaissance et l’identité sociale, nous analysons les changements dans la catégorisation de l’identité collective des groupes stigmatisés en Israël, en Irlande du Nord, au Québec et au Brésil. Alors que la littérature sur la reconnaissance tend à présumer une opposition nette entre « nous » et « eux », l’analyse de la littérature empirique démontre la complexification et la multiplication des catégories d’identité. Dans les quatre cas nous avons observé le processus de reconnaissance, en explorant les transformations de la signification des frontières internes et externes de l’identité collective pour ses membres ainsi que pour ceux qui lui sont extérieurs. Nous soutenons que la nature conditionnelle de la reconnaissance devrait conduire les chercheurs à considérer non seulement les composantes normatives du conflit ethnique mais aussi, en leur accordant une importance particulière, le langage et la catégorisation qui fondent ce type de débat.On the Boundaries of Recognition. Internal and External Categories of Collective Identity.Drawing upon recent advances in the study of recognition and social identity, we trace changes in the categorization of collective identity among stigmatized groups in Israel, Northern reland, Québec, and Brazil. While the recognition literature commonly assumes an opposition between « Us » and « Them », a review of these empirical cases illustrates the full complexity of identity categories in each of the four cases. We focus on the process of recognition in each case while highlighting the significance of internal and external boundaries of collective identity. We argue that the contingent nature of recognition should lead scholars to consider not only the normative components of ethnic conflict, but more importantly the language and categories which form the basis for such debates.En las fronteras del reconocimiento. Las categorías internas y externas de la identidad colectiva.Fundándonos en estudios recientes sobre el reconocimiento y la identidad social analizamos los cambios de categorización de la identidad colectiva de grupos estigmatizados en Israel, en Irlanda del Norte, en el Québec canadiense y en Brasil. Cuando la literatura sobre reconocimiento presume una oposición neta entre “nosotros” y “ellos” el análisis de los estudios empíricos demuestra la complicación y la multiplicación de las categorías de identidad. En los cuatro casos que hemos observado el proceso de reconocimiento, explorando las transfor­maciones la significación de la las fronteras internas y externas de la identidad colectiva para sus miembros como para los que son exteriores a ella. Consideramos que la naturaleza condicional del reconocimiento debe llevar a los investigadores a analizar no solo a los componentes normativos des conflicto étnico sino también, dándoles una importancia particular, el lenguaje y la categorización que fundan este tipo de debate

Why Social Relations Matter for Politics and Successful Societies

Abstract Political science can gain from incorporating richer conceptions of social relations into its analyses. In place of atomistic entities endowed with assets but few social relationships, social actors should be seen as relational entities embedded in social and cultural structures that connect them to others in multifaceted ways. Understanding those relationships requires a deeper understanding of how institutional and cultural frameworks interact to condition the terrain for social action. More intensive dialogue with sociology can inform such an understanding. We review the analytical tools cultural sociology now offers those interested in such a perspective and illustrate it in operation in studies of inequalities in population health and the effects of neoliberalism. We close by outlining several issues to which this perspective can usefully be applied, including the problems of understanding social resilience, how societies build collective capacities, and why some institutions remain robust while others deteriorate. 23.