Differences in sympathetic nervous response due to gender

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityThe sympathetic nervous system, in addition to its many roles as part of the autonomic nervous system, utilizes contact with many organs in the body to recruit them for an immediate response to danger. The multiple survival responses that the sympathetic nervous system manifests are typically known as the fight, flight or freeze response. The freeze response, otherwise referred to as tonic immobility, is being explored here for its survival value in the specific context of gender. It is our belief that in situations of interpersonal aggression, females may be more suited to survive by utilizing a tonic response when they are confronted with violence. Research in the areas of both tonic immobility and gender differences will be explored and compared, as well as animal origins of tonic immobility. It is our hope that by looking at the various studies already conducted on these topics, a path for future research on gender and sympathetic response may be illuminated in the field of physiological psychology

VOICE COMMANDS COORDINATION BETWEEN THE SAME APP ON MULTIPLE DEVICES

A system and method are disclosed for voice command coordination between instances of the same application running on multiple devices. The devices could be any that process voice commands, such as smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, laptops or IoT devices. The system coordinates the devices by broadcasting short communicates using humaninaudible sonic frequencies. In the first step of the method, the user gives a voice command, which is received in a number of devices that interpret the command. Each device determines a relevancy score of the command and then broadcasts the score as short communicates using inaudible sonic frequencies that are received by the other devices. Thereafter, each device receives short communicates with relevancy scores of other devices, and summarizes the relevancy score ranking of each device. Finally, the device with the highest relevancy score is determined to have highest priority and executes the voice command, while the other devices may cancel the command

The Effect of Interpolated Continuous Reinforcement Following Fixed Ratio Reinforcement on Resistance to Extinction

This study investigated the effect of seven continuous reinforcement sessions interpolated after varying numbers of FR-25 sessions on extinction responses during extinction of three groups of rats. Rats received 7, 14, or 21 sessions of FR-25 followed by 7 sessions of continuous reinforcement and 7 days of extinction. There were three rats in each group. All sessions were 25 minutes long. Results showed rats that received FR-25 for 21 sessions were more resistant to extinction than any other group, measured by the cumulative number of responses during extinction. Cumulative rates of extinction responses for Groups 1 and 2 were not as clear. However, when the groups were compared by individual group responses per day, the group that received FR-25 for 7 sessions. Although the differences were small, this study suggested that interpolated continuous reinforcement may not have had an effect on extinction responses when rats received a large number of prior FR-25 reinforcements

The Effect of Interpolated Continuous Reinforcement Following Variable Ratio Reinforcement on Resistance to Extinction

The effect on response rates during extinction of interpolating seven continuous reinforcement sessions after varying numbers of VR-25 sessions was investigated. Rats received either seven, fourteen, or twenty-one sessions of a VR-25 schedule followed by seven sessions of continuous reinforcement. There were three rats in each group. The rats then experienced seven sessions of extinction. All sessions were 30 minutes long. The results showed that rats that received the VR-25 schedule for 21 sessions made the roost responses over the seven extinction sessions. * Rats that received seven sessions of VR-25 made the least number of responses during extinction. The results were not statistically significant. However, they did indicate that interpolated continuous reinforcement did not decrease response rates during extinction for rats that experienced a large number of prior VR-25 schedules

Prototype de mise en oeuvre du profil OÉAF /Réalisation et exploitation d'un référentiel

Tiré de l'écran-titre (visionné le 27 juin 2017).La réalisation d’un prototype de référentiel d’opportunités d’étude, d’apprentissage et de formation basé sur son profil d’application OÉAF et rendre ce répertoire de métadonnées disponible à la communauté éducative pour expérimenter la publication de leurs offres d’étude, d’apprentissage et de formation. Ce document présente les résultats des travaux réalisés au cours du projet 2.9 du GTN-Québec : « Prototype de mise en œuvre du profil OÉAF / Réalisation et exploitation d’un référentiel ». Le projet a consisté à mettre en place une application logicielle web s’appuyant sur l’approche RDF (Resource Description Framework), ainsi que d’autres outils, pour permettre à des fournisseurs du milieu de l’éducation, de publier des offres d’étude, d’apprentissage et de formations, et aussi pour permettre la consultation de l’offre

FORMAL ASYMPTOTIC ANALYSIS OF ELASTIC BEAMS AND THIN-WALLED BEAMS: A DERIVATION OF THE VLASSOV EQUATIONS AND THEIR GENERALIZATION TO THE ANISOTROPIC HETEROGENEOUS CASE

International audienceThe modelling of ordinary beams and thin-walled beams is rigorously obtained from a formal asymptotic analysis of three-dimensional linear elasticity. In the case of isotropic homogeneous elasticity, ordinary beams yield the Navier-Bernoulli beam model, thin-walled beams with open profile yield the Vlassov beam model and thin-walled beams with closed profile the Navier-Bernoulli beam model. The formal asymptotic analysis is also extensively performed in the case of the most general anisotropic transversely heterogeneous material (meaning the heterogeneity is the same in every cross-section), delivering the same qualitative results. We prove, in particular, the non-intuitive fact that the warping function appearing in the Vlassov model for general anisotropic transversely heterogeneous material, is the same as the one appearing in the isotropic homogeneous case. In the general case of anisotropic transversely heterogeneous material, the analysis provides a rigorous and systematic constructive procedure for calculating the reduced elastic moduli, both in Navier-Bernoulli and Vlassov theories

Riverine ecosystem services and the thermoelectric sector: strategic issues facing the Northeastern United States

Major strategic issues facing the global thermoelectric sector include environmental regulation, climate change and increasing electricity demand. We have addressed such issues by modeling thermoelectric generation in the Northeastern United States that is reliant on cooling under five sensitivity tests to evaluate losses/gains in power production, thermal pollution and suitable aquatic habitat, comparing the contemporary baseline (2000–2010) with potential future states. Integral to the analysis, we developed a methodology to quantify river water availability for cooling, which we define as an ecosystem service. Projected climate conditions reduce river water available for efficient power plant operations and the river\u27s capacity to absorb waste heat, causing a loss of regional thermoelectric generation (RTG) (2.5%) in some summers that, compared to the contemporary baseline, is equal to the summertime electricity consumption of 1.3 million Northeastern US homes. Vulnerabilities to warm temperatures and thermal pollution can be alleviated through the use of more efficient natural gas (NG) power plants that have a reduced reliance on cooling water. Conversion of once-through (OT) to cooling tower (CT) systems and the Clean Water Act (CWA) temperature limit regulation, both of which reduce efficiencies at the single plant level, show potential to yield beneficial increases in RTG. This is achieved by obviating the need for large volumes of river water, thereby reducing plant-to-plant interferences through lowering the impact of upstream thermal pollution and preserving a minimum standard of cooling water. The results and methodology framework presented here, which can be extrapolated to other regional assessments with contrasting climates and thermoelectric profiles, can identify opportunities and support decision-making to achieve more efficient energy systems and riverine ecosystem protection

Modelling of periodic electromagnetic structures bianisotropic materials with memory effects

AbstractWe study the behavior of the electromagnetic field of a medium presenting periodic microstructures made of bianisotropic material. We reconsider the classical multi-scale homogenization technique by giving a new approach based upon the periodic unfolding method. The limiting homogeneous constitutive law is thus rigorously justified both in the time domain and in the frequency domain. In particular we show that the limit law differs from the initial one regarding the convolution term accounting for the memory effects

Damage identification of a beam with a variable cross-sectional area

In the paper, the process of identification of crack parameters occurring in the cantilever beam with the variable cross-sectional area has been presented. For identification, the non-destructive vibration method has been applied. The analytical solution of the free vibration problem of the beam described according to the Bernoulli-Euler theory has been obtained with the help of Green’s functions

Asymmetrische Induktion in Typ II Photooxygenierungsreaktionen

In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden drei verschiedene Konzepte untersucht, Typ II Photooxygenierungen mit Singulettsauerstoff stereoselektiv durchzuführen. Um das Konzept der Substratkontrolle zu untersuchen, wurde am Beispiel Shikimisäure versucht, durch den Hydroxy-Effekt eine stereoselektive En-Reaktion zu induzieren. Die Reaktivität des gegenüber Singulettsauerstoff reaktionsträgen Michaelsystems sollte gesteigert werden, unter anderem durch Bildung von Orthoestern. Dies konnte erfolgreich bei den Modellverbindungen Tiglinsäure und Cyclohexensäure durchgeführt werden. Es wurde außerdem ausgehend von Shikimisäure eine Synthese der bisher unbekannten (6S)- 6-Hydroxy-4-epi-shikimisäure mit einer Gesamtausbeute von 57 % entwickelt. Der Schlüsselschritt ist eine [4+2]-Cycloaddition mit Singulettsauerstoff, die durch sterische Abschirmung einer Seite des Moleküls durch eine Schutzgruppe mit bemerkenswerter Stereoselektivität verläuft. Um den Einfluss von chiralen Auxiliaren zu untersuchen, wurde die Modellverbindung Tiglinsäure in das (R)-Phenylethylammoniumtiglat umgewandelt und photooxygeniert. Bei NMR-Spektroskopischen Untersuchungen der Reaktion konnte eine geringe Stereoselektivität (d.e. < 33 %) der En-Reaktion detektiert werden, die stark temperaturabhängig war. Es wurde versucht dieses Ergebnis durch andere Methoden abzusichern und die Parameter zu finden, die diesen Effekt beeinflussen. Es wurde weiterhin untersucht, ob eine organokatalysierte [4+2]-Cycloaddition von Singulettsauerstoff an in situ erzeugte Dienamine möglich ist. Bei der Verwendung von Prolin als Katalysator war dies nicht erfolgreich. Stabile Dienamide dagegen gehen eine [4+2]-Cycloaddition mit Singulettsauerstoff ein und reagieren mit nahezu quantitativem Umsatz. Bei Verwendung von Pyroglutaminsäure als chiralem Amin wurde ein d.e. von ca. 43 % erreicht