Impacts of different SNLS3 light-curve fitters on cosmological consequences of interacting dark energy models

We explore the cosmological consequences of interacting dark energy (IDE) models using the SNLS3 supernova samples. In particular, we focus on the impacts of different SNLS3 light-curve fitters (LCF) (corresponding to "SALT2", "SiFTO", and "Combined" sample). Firstly, making use of the three SNLS3 data sets, as well as the Planck distance priors data and the galaxy clustering data, we constrain the parameter spaces of three IDE models. Then, we study the cosmic evolutions of Hubble parameter $H(z)$, deceleration diagram $q(z)$, statefinder hierarchy $S^{(1)}_3(z)$ and $S^{(1)}_4(z)$, and check whether or not these dark energy diagnosis can distinguish the differences among the results of different SNLS3 LCF. At last, we perform high redshift cosmic age test using three old high redshift objects (OHRO), and explore the fate of the Universe. We find that, the impacts of different SNLS3 LCF are rather small, and can not be distinguished by using $H(z)$, $q(z)$, $S^{(1)}_3(z)$, $S^{(1)}_4(z)$, and the age data of OHRO. In addition, we infer, from the current observations, how far we are from a cosmic doomsday in the worst case, and find that the "Combined" sample always gives the largest 2$\sigma$ lower limit of the time interval between "big rip" and today, while the results given by the "SALT2" and the "SiFTO" sample are close to each other. These conclusions are insensitive to a specific form of dark sector interaction. Our method can be used to distinguish the differences among various cosmological observations.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Somatic SF3B1 hotspot mutation in prolactinomas.

The genetic basis and corresponding clinical relevance of prolactinomas remain poorly understood. Here, we perform whole genome sequencing (WGS) on 21 patients with prolactinomas to detect somatic mutations and then validate the mutations with digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of tissue samples from 227 prolactinomas. We identify the same hotspot somatic mutation in splicing factor 3 subunit B1 (SF3B1R625H) in 19.8% of prolactinomas. These patients with mutant prolactinomas display higher prolactin (PRL) levels (p = 0.02) and shorter progression-free survival (PFS) (p = 0.02) compared to patients without the mutation. Moreover, we identify that the SF3B1R625H mutation causes aberrant splicing of estrogen related receptor gamma (ESRRG), which results in stronger binding of pituitary-specific positive transcription factor 1 (Pit-1), leading to excessive PRL secretion. Thus our study validates an important mutation and elucidates a potential mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of prolactinomas that may lead to the development of targeted therapeutics

Polyphase deformation of staurolite-bearing metapelite in the Chinese Altai: Recording a Devonian-Permian tectonic regime switch in the southwestern Central Asian Orogenic Belt

Recent studies revealed that the Chinese Altai may have experienced two major tectonothermal events in the Devonian and Permian but their mutual relationships remain poorly constrained. In this study, we carried out a comprehensive analysis of macro- and micro-structural features of the Ordovician schists that were subjected to Barrovian-type metamorphism in the Chonghuer area of the northwestern Chinese Altai. Field structural and microstructural analyses revealed that metamorphic foliation S1 was folded by the recumbent fold F2, forming the sub-horizontal foliation S2. The S2 fabric was later reworked by the D3 transpressional shearing along the narrow sillimanite-bearing zone to form the foliation S3. Monazite U–Pb ages obtained from the staurolite schist located close to the D3 shear zone, as well as the zircon U–Pb ages from both folded and unfolded pegmatites that cross-cut granite, indicate that the D3 deformation took place during the Permian period, approximately 257–250 Ma. The EBSD study of quartz in the matrix and staurolite porphyroblasts conducted along the NE-SW cross-section allowed us to: 1) constrain the medium-temperature D2 and high-temperature D3 regimes and, 2) reconstruct foliation intersection axis (FIA) patterns both inside and outside the D3 deformation zone. The FIA between Devonian D1 and D2 preserved in staurolite porphyroblast was initially oriented in a N–S direction, which was ultimately reoriented to a NW-SE direction after undergoing the D3 shear deformation. This result is further reinforced by the numerical stochastic modelling, which quantifies the influence of the Permian HT sinistral transpression on the reworking of the Devonian FIA fabrics. Micro-structural data of this study verifies the significant tectonic switch from the Devonian E-W contraction to the Permian NNW-SSE transpression. Quantitative EBSD-based FIA analysis proves to be an effective approach for the structural analysis of polycyclic orogenic systems

Table2_Inhibiting PP2A Upregulates B7-H3 Expression and Potentially Increases the Sensitivity of Malignant Meningiomas to Immunotherapy by Proteomics.XLSX

Malignant meningiomas have a high mortality rate and short survival time and currently have no effective treatment. In our study, proteomics analysis was performed to identify highly expressed proteins as therapeutic targets in malignant meningiomas. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assays were performed to verify the effect of LB-100 on the growth of malignant meningiomas. In addition, immunoblotting was used to verify the expression of B7-H3 and phosphorylation of STAT1 (Tyr701) in tissues and cells. Our results show that STAT1 and CD276 (B7-H3) regulated by PP2A were enriched in GO_IMMUNE_EFFECTOR_PROCESS and GO_REGULATION_OF_IMMUNE_SYSTEM_PROCESS. The immunotherapy target protein B7-H3 was confirmed to be upregulated in malignant meningiomas compared with meningothelial (p = 0.0001) and fibroblastic (p = 0.0046) meningiomas. In vitro, the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 suppressed the growth and invasion of malignant meningioma cells. Notably, the PP2A inhibitor LB-100 increased the phosphorylation of STAT1, thereby increasing the expression of the immune checkpoint protein B7-H3 in malignant meningioma cells in vitro. In conclusion, B7-H3 was found to be upregulated in malignant meningiomas. The PP2A inhibitor LB-100 increased the phosphorylation of STAT1 and B7-H3 expression, which could increase the sensitivity of malignant meningiomas to B7-H3 targeted immunotherapy.</p