Performance of genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT) under mono and mixed cui ture with silver barb (Barbodes gonionotus) in south-west Bangladesh

A participatory on-farm trial was carried out to evaluate the production performance of GIFT (genetically improved farmed tilapia) strain of Oreochmis sp., either alone or with silver barb (Barbodes gonionotus), in six rain-fed freshwater ponds of coastal area. There vvere two treatments; (i) GIFT alone at a stocking density of 24,700/ha (T1) and (ii) 1:1 combination of GIFT and silver barb (T1). Each of the treatments had three replications. A significantly (p<O.OS) higher production of 4306.14 kg/ha of GIFT was obtained in monoculture, compared to the total production of 3480.38 kg/ha of GIFT and silver barb. In the 1:1 combination treatment, the production of GIFT (2036.06 kg/ha) was also higher than that of silver barb (1444.32 kg/ha). The results reveal that GIFT monoculture can performe better in rain-fed seasonal freshwater ponds of southwest coastal areas

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Detection of hybridization between Chinese carp species (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and Aristichthys nobilis) in hatchery broodstock in Bangladesh, using DNA microsatellite loci

Hybridization between silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and bighead carp (Aristichthys nobilis) has been reported to occur fairly frequently in commercial aquaculture hatcheries in Bangladesh. The consequences of hybridization for broodstock purity had not previously been investigated. Allelic variation at three microsatellite DNA loci isolated from silver carp routinely distinguished between silver carp and bighead carp. These markers were used in the analysis of samples collected from hatcheries in different regions of Bangladesh. Of 422 hatchery broodstock that were morphologically identified as silver carp, 8.3% had bighead allele(s) at one or more of the three microsatellite loci, while 23.3% of the 236 fish morphologically identified as bighead carp had silver carp allele(s) at one or more loci. The results suggested that while some of these fish might be F1 hybrids, others had more complex genotypes, suggesting further generations of hybridization or introgression between the species in hatcheries, with potentially damaging consequences for the integrity of these stocks and their performance in aquaculture