859 research outputs found
Momentum-resolved electron-phonon interaction in lead determined by neutron resonance spin-echo spectroscopy
Neutron resonance spin-echo spectroscopy was used to monitor the temperature
evolution of the linewidths of transverse acoustic phonons in lead across the
superconducting transition temperature, , over an extended range of the
Brillouin zone. For phonons with energies below the superconducting energy gap,
a linewidth reduction of maximum amplitude eV was observed below
. The electron-phonon contribution to the phonon lifetime extracted from
these data is in satisfactory overall agreement with {\it ab-initio}
lattice-dynamical calculations, but significant deviations are found
Landau damping of Bogoliubov excitations in optical lattices at finite temperature
We study the damping of Bogoliubov excitations in an optical lattice at
finite temperatures. For simplicity, we consider a Bose-Hubbard tight-binding
model and limit our analysis to the lowest excitation band. We use the Popov
approximation to calculate the temperature dependence of the number of
condensate atoms in each lattice well. We calculate the Landau
damping of a Bogoliubov excitation in an optical lattice due to coupling to a
thermal cloud of excitations. While most of the paper concentrates on 1D
optical lattices, we also briefly present results for 2D and 3D lattices. For
energy conservation to be satisfied, we find that the excitations in the
collision process must exhibit anomalous dispersion ({\it i.e.} the excitation
energy must bend upward at low momentum), as also exhibited by phonons in
superfluid . This leads to the sudden disappearance of all damping
processes in -dimensional simple cubic optical lattice when , where is the on-site interaction, and is the hopping matrix
element. Beliaev damping in a 1D optical lattice is briefly discussed.Comment: 28 pages, 9 figure
Large Scales - Long Times: Adding High Energy Resolution to SANS
The Neutron Spin Echo (NSE) variant MIEZE (Modulation of IntEnsity by Zero
Effort), where all beam manipulations are performed before the sample position,
offers the possibility to perform low background SANS measurements in strong
magnetic fields and depolarising samples. However, MIEZE is sensitive to
differences \DeltaL in the length of neutron flight paths through the
instrument and the sample. In this article, we discuss the major influence of
\DeltaL on contrast reduction of MIEZE measurements and its minimisation.
Finally we present a design case for enhancing a small-angle neutron scattering
(SANS) instrument at the planned European Spallation Source (ESS) in Lund,
Sweden, using a combination of MIEZE and other TOF options, such as TISANE
offering time windows from ns to minutes. The proposed instrument allows
studying fluctuations in depolarizing samples, samples exposed to strong
magnetic fields, and spin-incoherently scattering samples in a straightforward
way up to time scales of \mus at momentum transfers up to 0.01 {\AA}-1, while
keeping the instrumental effort and costs low.Comment: 5 pages, 8 figure
Mass loss and longevity of gravitationally bound oscillating scalar lumps (oscillatons) in D-dimensions
Spherically symmetric oscillatons (also referred to as oscillating soliton
stars) i.e. gravitationally bound oscillating scalar lumps are considered in
theories containing a massive self-interacting real scalar field coupled to
Einstein's gravity in 1+D dimensional spacetimes. Oscillations are known to
decay by emitting scalar radiation with a characteristic time scale which is,
however, extremely long, it can be comparable even to the lifetime of our
universe. In the limit when the central density (or amplitude) of the
oscillaton tends to zero (small-amplitude limit) a method is introduced to
compute the transcendentally small amplitude of the outgoing waves. The results
are illustrated in detail on the simplest case, a single massive free scalar
field coupled to gravity.Comment: 23 pages, 2 figures, references on oscillons added, version to appear
in Phys. Rev.
GEANT4 Studies of Magnets Activation in the HEBT Line for the European Spallation Source
The High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) line for the European Spallation Source is designed to transport the beam from the underground linac to the target at the surface level while keeping the beam losses small and providing the requested beam footprint and profile on the target. This paper presents activation studies of the magnets in the HEBT line due to backscattered neutrons from the target and beam interactions inside the collimators producing unstable isotopes
Magnetic Fluctuations and Correlations in MnSi - Evidence for a Skyrmion Spin Liquid Phase
We present a comprehensive analysis of high resolution neutron scattering
data involving Neutron Spin Echo spectroscopy and Spherical Polarimetry which
confirm the first order nature of the helical transition and reveal the
existence of a new spin liquid skyrmion phase. Similar to the blue phases of
liquid crystals this phase appears in a very narrow temperature range between
the low temperature helical and the high temperature paramagnetic phases.Comment: 11 pages, 16 figure
Ready to Use Detector Modules for the NEAT Spectrometer Concept, Design, First Results
The paper presents the detector system developed by Datalist Systems, Ltd. previously ANTE Innovative Technologies for the NEAT II spectrometer at HZB. We present initial concept, design and implementation highlights as well as the first results of measurements such as position resolution. The initial concept called for modular architecture with 416 3He detector tubes organized into thirteen 32 tube modules that can be independently installed and removed to and from the detector vacuum chamber for ease of maintenance. The unalloyed aluminum mechanical support modules for four 8 tube units each also house the air boxes that contain the front end electronics preamplifiers that need to be on atmospheric pressure. The modules have been manufactured and partly assembled in Hungary and then fully assembled and installed on site by Datalist Systems crew. The signal processing and data acquisition solution is based on low time constant 60 ns preamplifier electronics and sampling ADC s running at 50 MS s i.e. a sample every 20 ns for all 832 data channels. The preamplifiers are proprietary, developed specifically for the NEAT spectrometer, while the ADC s and the FPGA s that further process the data are based on National Instruments products. The data acquisition system comprises 26 FPGA modules each serving 16 tubes providing for up to 50 kHz count rate per individual tube and it is organized into two PXI chassis and two data acquisition computers that perform post processing, event classification and provide appropriate preview of the collected data. The data acquisition software based on Event Recording principles provides a single point of contact for the scientific software with an Event Record List with absolute timestamps of 100ns resolution, timing data of 100 ns resolution for the seven discs chopper system as well as classification data that can be used for flexible data filtering in off line analysis of the gathered data. A unique 3 tier system of filtering criteria of events is in operation a hard threshold in the FPGA s to reduce the effect of noise, a pulse shape based classification to eliminate gamma sensitivity and an additional flexible feature based classification to filter out pileup and other unwanted phenomena. This ensures high count rates 50kHz per tube, 1MHz overall while maintaining good quality of measurements e.g. position resolution .The first measurement results show that the delivered detector system meets the initial requirements of 20 mm position resolution along the 2000mm long detector tubes. This is partly due to the innovative event classification system that provides vital pulse shape data that can be used for sophisticated position resolution algorithms implemented on the DAQ computer
Theory of the Fano Resonance in the STM Tunneling Density of States due to a Single Kondo Impurity
The conduction electron density of states nearby single magnetic impurities,
as measured recently by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), is calculated,
taking into account tunneling into conduction electron states only. The Kondo
effect induces a narrow Fano resonance in the conduction electron density of
states, while scattering off the d-level generates a weakly energy dependent
Friedel oscillation. The line shape varies with the distance between STM tip
and impurity, in qualitative agreement with experiments, but is very sensitive
to details of the band structure. For a Co impurity the experimentally observed
width and shift of the Kondo resonance are in accordance with those obtained
from a combination of band structure and strongly correlated calculations.Comment: 4 pages, ReVTeX + 4 figures (Encapsulated Postscript), submitted to
PR
- …