327 research outputs found
Application of lead time analysis as a method in EU co-funded mid-term programme evaluations in 2007-13: the case of Bulgaria and Malta
Az EU-ETS piac hatékonyságának vizsgálata
2005. január 1-Ă©vel kezdetĂ©t vette a világ legnagyobb szennyezĂ©si jog kereskedelme rendszere, az eurĂłpai szennyezĂ©sijog-kereskedelem. Mivel a szennyezĂ©si jogok ezen a piacon teljesen homogĂ©nek, Ă©s nagy számban vannak egyszerre jelen, ezĂ©rt tĹ‘zsdei árukĂ©nt viselkednek, Ăgy egysĂ©ges árfolyamuk alakul ki. A szerzĹ‘ dolgozatában megvizsgálja magát a kereskedett termĂ©ket, illetve a szennyezĂ©si jog piacot is. MegállapĂtja, hogy hosszĂş idĹ‘sort vizsgálva az árfolyamváltozások nem, rövid távon azonban normális eloszlással bĂrnak. Annak bizonyĂtására, hogy Fama (1970) Ă©rtelmezĂ©se alapján közepesen hatĂ©konynak tekinthetĹ‘ a piac, az esemĂ©nyelemzĂ©s eszközĂ©t használja. Ennek során kĂ©t esemĂ©nyt elemez rĂ©szletesen: a 2006 április vĂ©gi, május elejei árzuhanást, amikor nĂ©hány nap leforgása alatt a felĂ©re esett az árfolyam, illetve a 2006 decemberben lĂ©vĹ‘ magyar kvĂłtaaukciĂłt
Role of metasomatism in the lodes environs of Gyöngyösoroszi (Mátra mountains, Hungary)
The mineralogical-petrological investigation of the associated rocks of dead galleries connecting the veins was performed; the lodes lie in the mine of Gyöngyösoroszi in four levels (i. e. in heights of + 250, +300, +35 0 and +400 metres above sea level). In the mine's gangways Lower Tortonian andesite and andesite tuff can be found. The andesite consists partly of orthoandesite (in the level + 400 metres) and partly of hypomagmatic products of different texture with slight pyritization. Silicification, as well as clay mineralization in the faulted zones are common phenomena. On the basis of derivatographic investigations in the clay-mineralized associated rock the following clay minerals, resp. their assemblage could be determined among the secondarily formed minerals of the four levels: illite-type, montmorillonite-illite, montmorillonite-kaolinite, montmorillonite-jarosite, kaolinite with calcite, kaolinite with iarosite and calcite. In addition to the clay minerals in most of the cases gypsum occurred in considerable quantity. On the basis of the X-ray diffractometric investigations the following can be stated. Independently of the K20-content of the sample formation of sanidine and adularia, i. e. the replacement of plagioclases by potassium feldspars did not followed, the higher potassium content is connected to sericite-illite and not to the potash-feldspars. As a result of silicification quartz occurs in considerable quantity in the fresh rock, too. Out of the clay minerals illite-sericite, montmorillonite and kaolinite could be demonstrated, the definite zonal arrangement could not be observed. The description of iarosite from this mine hás not been referred yet. As a result of the investigation of the alkali content of different levels it is obvious that where the rock is fresh and no fault zone exists, in the neighbourhood of the lodes the high values concerning the K 2 0 were fourfd between 10 arid 25 metres. In the sites, however, where fault zone can be found the rock type is changing, the decomposition and clay mineralization are characteristic, the indication character of K.O is lost. According to the investigations performed up to now there is a relation between the K 2 0 and sulphide-S and the optimal value of it may be given between the weight per cent of 2.5 and 4.5 of K 2 0 and this may indicate the exploitable ores
Drága-e a megújuló? – A hazai megújuló villamosenergia-termelés hatása a villamos energia árára (Is the renewable energy expensive? – Impact of the Hungarian renewable based power generation on electricity price)
A tanulmány arra keresi a választ, hogy a megújuló alapú áramtermelők támogatása csökkentőleg hathat-
e a villamos energia nagykereskedelmi és kiskereskedelmi árára. Ez utóbbi tartalmazza a megújulók
támogatásának összegĂ©t is. Számos elmĂ©leti cikk rámutatott arra, hogy nemcsak a nagykereskedelmi árak, hanem a kiskereskedelmi villamosenergia-árak is csökkenhetnek a drágább, megĂşjulĂł alapĂş áramtermelĹ‘k támogatása rĂ©vĂ©n. A tanulmány során egy villamosenergia-piacokat szimulálĂł modell segĂtsĂ©gĂ©vel modellezi a szerzĹ‘, hogy a kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ mennyisĂ©gű szĂ©lerĹ‘művi Ă©s fotovoltaikus kapacitás támogatása hogyan hat a magyarországi nagykereskedelmi Ă©s kiskereskedelmi árakra. _____ Impact of the Hungarian renewable based power generation on
electricity price The aim of this paper is to answer the question
whether the support of renewable power generation could
decrease the wholesale and retail electricity prices. The latter one includes the support of renewables. Several studies point out that not only the wholesale, but the retail electricity prices could decrease when supporting the more expensive, renewable power generation. A model, which simulates the electricity markets, is used in order to analyse the impact of different level of wind and photo voltaic power generator support fee on Hungarian wholesale and retail electricity prices
IntĂ©zmĂ©nyi közbensĹ‘ Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©si mĂłdszerek Ă©s regionális programok nemzetközi összehasonlĂtĂł elemzĂ©se az EU-12-ben
Evaluation of funding programmes is a natural expectation of all stakeholders (donors, acceptors, policy makers, broad public), driven by the absence of institutionalised feedback mechanisms, such as the market itself in market economy context.
The research concentrates on the international comparative assessment of evaluation methods developed and tested in mid-term programme evaluation contexts in the EU-12, preceded by EU-12 Cohesion Policy development results and the comparative analysis of EU-12 regional programmes in the 2007-13 EU programming period. The subjects of the research are EU co-financed regional development programmes, evaluations and evaluation methods of the EU-12 countries (EU-10 and EU-2 countries), with emphasis on Bulgaria, Malta and Romania.
The regional programme analysis, includes a Cohesion Policy results analysis to assess the contribution of Cohesion Policy to the main overall development indicators of the EU-12 countries, and the changes of their in-country regional level indicators after accession to the EU. The analysis also covers the context, the programming approach, and the relative financial weight of regional programmes within the NSRFs in the EU-12.
In the methodology analysis, I assessed three methods (Simple Progress Overview Tool, Post-contractual Assessment and Lead Time Assessment) in detail and have presented two to four international examples per method to clarify their scope, limitation and potential outcomes of their application. I tested them against my three working hypotheses on methodology analysis to assess their objectivity and evaluation objective linkage, simplicity, robustness and flexibility.
The research shed light on the fact that countries followed different approaches but gained similar patterns in defining the focal points of regional operational programmes and their mid-term programme evaluations and that these methods may be used in contexts different from EU funded programmes as well. The analysis also revealed that mid-term evaluations should focus more on the achievements and their enhancement than on the improvement of programme implementation considerations. What is most important of all, is that though Cohesion Policy justifiably promoted country development on aggregate country level, however, it could not counteract sufficiently the growing interregional polarisation in EU-12 countries, which have grown dramatically over the 2004-2011 period.A támogatási programok Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©se termĂ©szetes elvárás az összes abban Ă©rdekelt fĂ©l (támogatĂłk, kedvezmĂ©nyezettek, politikai döntĂ©shozĂłk, szĂ©les közvĂ©lemĂ©ny) szempontjábĂłl. Ennek fĹ‘ oka az olyan közvetlen intĂ©zmĂ©nyesĂtett visszacsatolási mechanizmusok hiánya, mint amilyen maga a piac a piacgazdasági keretek között.
A kutatás az EU-12-ben (az EurĂłpai UniĂł 2004-ben csatlakozott tĂz, Ă©s 2007-ben csatlakozott kĂ©t tagállamában) a 2007-13 idĹ‘szakban szĂ©les körben alkalmazott közbensĹ‘ programĂ©rtĂ©kelĂ©si mĂłdszerek nemzetközi összehasonlĂtĂł elemzĂ©sĂ©re fĂłkuszál, melyet az EU-12 KohĂ©ziĂłs Politikai beavatkozások regionális kĂĽlönbsĂ©gekre gyakorolt hatásainak elemzĂ©se Ă©s regionális (operatĂv) programjainak összehasonlĂtĂł elemzĂ©se alapoz meg. A kutatás tárgyai az EU-12 országok, ezen belĂĽl is kiemelten Bulgária, Málta Ă©s Románia EU társfinanszĂrozásĂş regionális fejlesztĂ©si programjai, Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©sei Ă©s fĹ‘kĂ©nt Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©si mĂłdszerei.
A regionális programok elemzĂ©se során a tagállami fejlettsĂ©gi hátterek bemutatását követĹ‘en a KohĂ©ziĂłs Politika országos Ă©s regionális fejlĹ‘dĂ©sre gyakorolt hatását elemeztem, melyet a tagállamok regionális fejlesztĂ©si intĂ©zkedĂ©seinek strukturális Ă©s formális elemzĂ©se egĂ©szĂtett ki, nĂ©hány regionális fejlesztĂ©si program közbensĹ‘ Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©seinek felhasználásával. A három kiválasztott közbensĹ‘ Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©si mĂłdszert (Simple Progress Overview Tool – SPOT, Post-contractual Assessment – PCA and Lead Time Assessment – LTA) rĂ©szletesen bemutatva, kettĹ‘-nĂ©gy ország konkrĂ©t pĂ©ldáján keresztĂĽl szemlĂ©ltettem használatukat annak Ă©rdekĂ©ben, hogy tisztázzam Ă©s elemezzem korlátaikat Ă©s alkalmazásuk várhatĂł eredmĂ©nyeit. Minden mĂłdszert három mĂłdszertani hipotĂ©zisem alapján vizsgáltam meg, hogy felmĂ©rjem mennyire objektĂvek, mennyire kapcsolĂłdnak a beavatkozási cĂ©lokhoz (Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©si tĂ©mákhoz), mennyire egyszerűek Ă©s robosztusak, illetve rugalmasak Ă©s testreszabhatĂłk.
A kutatás rávilágĂtott arra, hogy a vizsgált országok kĂĽlönbözĹ‘ megközelĂtĂ©st követve is számos hasonlĂłsággal rendelkeztek a regionális operatĂv programok Ă©s közbensĹ‘ Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©sek fĂłkusz¬terĂĽleteinek megfogalmazása terĂ©n. A kutatás eredmĂ©nyekĂ©ppen igazolást nyert, hogy a bemutatott programĂ©rtĂ©kelĂ©si mĂłdszerek az eurĂłpai uniĂłs támogatási programoktĂłl eltĂ©rĹ‘ környezetben is rugalmasan alkalmazhatĂłk. Az elemzĂ©s rávilágĂtott, hogy a közbensĹ‘ Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©sek során javasolt nagyobb hangsĂşlyt helyezni az elĂ©rt eredmĂ©nyek számba vĂ©telĂ©re Ă©s Ă©rtĂ©kelĂ©sĂ©re, mint a program vĂ©grehajtási szempontjainak elemzĂ©sĂ©re. LĂ©nyeges kutatási eredmĂ©ny, hogy az EU-12-ben a KohĂ©ziĂłs Politika bár bizonyĂthatĂłan hozzájárult az egyes országok fejlĹ‘dĂ©sĂ©hez, az országokon belĂĽli növekvĹ‘ regionális kĂĽlönbsĂ©gek ellensĂşlyozásához elĂ©gtelennek bizonyult
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