Effects of alternative protein sources on rumen microbes and productivity of dairy cows

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of various protein sources on digestibility, rumen fermentation, milk yield and milk composition in dairy cows. Four Holstein Friesian native crossbred cows in early lactating were randomly assigned according to a 4x4 Latin square design. The dietary treatments containing different protein sources in concentrate diets were soybean meal (SBM), cassava hay (CH), Leucaena leucocephala (LL) and yeast-fermented cassava chips (YEFECAP), with ad libitum intake of urea-treated rice straw. Digestibility of DM, OM, NDF and ADF was not different among treatments (P>0.05) while CP digestibility was highest (P<0.05) in CH and YEFECAP supplemented groups. Ruminal NH3-N and BUN concentrations varied among protein sources and were highest in SBM and LL fed groups (P<0.05). Ruminal total volatile fatty acid (VFA) and propionic acid were found highest in cows receiving CH and YEFECAP (P<0.05). Ruminal fungi, proteolytic and cellulolytic bacteria were highest when YEFECAP was supplemented. Milk fat and milk protein were significantly increased (P<0.05) in cows fed with CH and YEFECAP. Based on this study, it was concluded that providing CH or YEFECAP as protein source in concentrate diets could improve rumen fermentation and milk production in lactating dairy cows fed on rice straw

LAGU SEBAGAI MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN PADA ANAK USIA DINI DI TK. LABORATORIUM PERCONTOHAN UNIVERSITAS PENDIDIKAN INDONESIA

This research take place in Play Group of Specimen Laboratorium Indonesia University of Education. The problem is the song as medium of education. The methode that is used in this research is qualitative descriptive. The techniques is used interview and observation to the research place. Based on the interview result with respondents, got the data which explain that the song could be medium of education in playgroup. This thing influenced by the happy song and could be more interest children about medium of learning so the children will not bored early. The song matter which chosed as medium of education are the matter which have the simple shape of song, use tones which can reached by children’s range, the intervals not too far, and the sentence of song have education element. Result from supervision of respondents and used the research theory showed the song can increase vocabulary to the early childhood. Into the bargain the early childhood not only had the quantity of experience but also in quality, the children knew the word that they said too. The suggestions that are proposed to Play Group of Specimen Laboratorium Education UPI are need the more creative from the teacher to evolving the lyrics of song with the same rhythm which usually used in play group, compromy between the teacher and parents of early childhood to teach their sons in home with sing a songs which learned in school. Penelitian ini dilakukan di TK. Laboratorium Percontohan Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia. Masalah yang dikaji dalam penelitian ini adalah lagu yang digunakan sebagai media pembelajaran. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dengan cara wawancara dan observasi langsung ke tempat penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil wawancara dengan responden, diperoleh data yang menyatakan bahwa lagu dapat dijadikan sebagai media pembelajaran di TK. Hal ini dikarenakan lagu bersifat menyenangkan dan dapat menambah daya tarik anak terhadap suatu pembelajaran sehingga anak tidak mudah bosan. Materi lagu yang dipilih sebagai media pembelajaran adalah materi yang memiliki bentuk lagu sederhana, menggunakan nada-nada yang dapat dijangkau oleh wilayah suara anak, interval nada yang tidak terlalu jauh, dan kalimat lagu mengandung unsur pendidikan. Data hasil pengamatan terhadap responden dan teori yang digunakan menunjukkan bahwa lagu dapat meningkatkan perbendaharaan kata pada anak usia dini. Selain itu anak juga tidak hanya mengalami kuantitas dalam segi kata-kata nya saja tetapi dalam segi kualitas pun anak dapat mengerti apa yang dia ucapkan. Saran yang diajukan bagi TK Lab. Percontohan UPI adalah perlunya guru lebih berkreativitas dalam mengembangkan lirik lagu dengan irama lagu yang sudah biasa digunakan di TK, kerjasama antara guru dengan orangtua wali murid agar mengajari anaknya di rumah dengan menyanyikan lagu-lagu yang sudah dipelajari di sekolah

An Employment Equation for Belgium

Economic theory considers economic growth and wage costs as crucial determinants in the process of job creation. In this paper, we try to quantify the relationship that exists between these variables in Belgium. Our objective being mainly the use of the empirical model for forecasting purposes, we use a V AR model to enable us to apply statistical tools to test some possible constraints within a loose model. We analyse the relationship at three levels: one national and two sectoral.Employment growth, long-run equilibrium, VAR model

NONPARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF COST MINIMIZATION AND EFFICIENCY

This study examines cost minimizing behavior and efficiency measures for a sample of Kansas wheat producers, using nonparametric methods. As such, it verifies the applicability of nonparametrics within a production economic framework.nonparametrics, WACM, production, Industrial Organization, Productivity Analysis, Research Methods/ Statistical Methods,

Implementing genre based approach and scientific approach in teaching writing simple descriptive text to investigate their effect on the students’ writing achievement at SMP 3 Palangka Raya

The main purpose of the research was to compare two approaches, namely Genre Based Approach and Scientific Approach in the eighth grade class of SMP 3 Palangka Raya. The population of this research consisted of one class with the total number of 25 students. The design used in this research was quasi-experimental design. The sample was determined using cluster sampling technique. The technique for collecting the data used tests and documentation. The research was undergone by giving a set of essay instruction to write simple descriptive text. The mean score of these two groups of students then were compared to obtain the objective of the research. The finding showed the mean scores of the students who were taught using Genre Based Approach was 73.24 and the students who were taught using Scientific Approach was 66.125 based on the result of hypothesis test calculation, it was found that value of t_observed was greater than the value of t_table at 5% and at 1% the level of significance or 2.01 2.68. It means that Ha was accepted and Ho was rejected. It means that students taught using Genre Based Approach had better achievement in writing simple descriptive text than those taught with Scientific Approach

Pengaruh Gaya Hidup (Lifestyle), Harga, Promosi Terhadap Pemilihan Tempat Tujuan Wisata (Destination) Studi Kasus Pada Konsumen Artojaya Tour & Travel Surabaya

Nowadays, the service industry competition is very interesting to be discussed, especially industry which provides tour and travel services. This kind of competition becomes a trigger to the people\u27s lifestyle. The problem is, for consumers who have middle-high income, can go on vacation when it comes to school holiday. In fact, that kind of behaviour has become their lifestyles because they are willing to buy something expensive to get services which they like. However, their lifestyles, price and promotion will indirectly affect consumers in the selection of a tourist destination.This research is using sample from ArtoJaya\u27s consumers. The sampling technique is using purposive technique and selected sample with consumers who did transactions or purchases for the last three month. On the other hand, the analysis technique is using Multiple Linear Regression with the total 200 respondents. The 100 respondents will facilitate in seeing the role of lifestyle price and promotion against the destination which is going to be tested