34 research outputs found

    Reforma Financiera in Costa Rica

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    This paper describes the measures adopted by the Central Bank of Costa Rica in the i980s during a process of financial liberalization. It describes actions concerning quantitative credit controls, interest rate determination, minimum reserve requirements, open market operations, rediscounting, and other instruments of credit and monetary policies. Greater competition in deposit mobilization has been promoted and a money market was developed. The Central Bank was granted additional independence. The authority of the Superintendency of Banks was expanded. Regulatory avoidance followed the regulations and many loopholes were found to finance the public sector

    Study of the Bill to Reform the FODEA Law: FODEA II

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    A bill to amend the section of the FODEA Law that regulates the rescheduling of loans was introduced in the Costa Rican Congress in July, 1988 (FODEA 11). The main reforms featured in the bill are outlined in this paper, which also contains an analysis of the effects that the bill may have on the Costa Rican National Banking System and on the nation's farmers, on the basis of an evaluation of the consequences of FODEA I. The analysis reveals that the FODEA portfolio has been highly concentrated among a small number of farmers, particularly livestock producers of the Guanacaste region. Because of the low interest rates charged on the rescheduled loans, the subsidy granted to agricultural borrowers by the FODEA Law has also become highly concentrated. If implemented, the FODEA II bill would not only increase this concentration of the FODEA portfolio, but it may also contribute to further exacerbate the revenue and liquidity losses that the banks have already experienced as a consequence of the FODEA Law

    Impuesto a las Transacciones Financieras: Proyecto de Ley del Aporte Solidario Nacional

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    This paper reviews arguments in favor and against a tax on the flow of all bank deposits proposed by a Costa Rican legislator. The impact on the efficiency of financial intermediation is highlighted. Estimation of expected revenues is obtained on the basis of the price elasticity of the demand for deposits. Severe contraction of the tax base may prevent this tax from achieving its fiscal purposes, while important distortions in financial intermediation would slow down the rate of growth of the economy

    Costa Rica: The Political Economy of Agricultural Credit

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    The Political Economy of Bank Nationalization: The Case of Costa Rica, 1948-1988

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    The Political Economy of Bank Nationalization: The Case of Costa Rica, 1948-1988

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    Costa Rica: Fuentes De Credito Para Los Agricultores

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    Indicadores para estimar la sostenibilidad agr铆cola de la cuenca media del r铆o Reventado, Cartago, Costa Rica

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    El objetivo de este trabajo fue identificar indicadores para evaluar la sostenibilidad agr铆cola en la cuenca media del r铆o Reventado. Se encontr贸 una acumulaci贸n Ca, Mg y K en los terrenos y una disminuci贸n del porcentaje de saturaci贸n de acidez con los a帽os de uso del suelo en agricultura, los suelos han mejorado su fertilidad con el tiempo por efecto antr贸pico. Se encontr贸 una tendencia similar con el P disponible, cuyos niveles aumentaron aproximadamente en 2,3 mg.l-1.a帽o-1, eventualmente podr铆a reducirse la aplicaci贸n de este elemento, lo que har铆a m谩s sostenible el sistema de producci贸n. Los niveles de erosi贸n, en la mayor铆a de las fincas, fueron moderados; el grosor del horizonte A y el P disponible disminuyeron al pasar de erosi贸n leve, a moderada y a severa. El 铆ndice estructural y la capacidad de uso de las tierras indicaron en las Clases II y III, suelos moderadamente susceptibles a ser degradados, y en las clases mayores alta susceptibilidad a ser degradados. No se encontr贸 diferencias significativas entre las clases de capacidad de uso de la tierra y la producci贸n de los cultivos. La producci贸n de papa y cebolla fue mayor en zonas con riego, donde la relaci贸n B/C mayor se encontr贸 en Tierra Blanca, debido al manejo del sistema productivo. Los indicadores econ贸micos y sociales evaluados fueron positivos para ambas regiones, no as铆 los indicadores ambientales. La actividad agr铆cola a煤n se mantiene como una actividad rentable para los productores de la cuenca media del r铆o Reventado
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