Does Science Education Contribute To Citizenship Education In Turkey?

This research aims to explore the connections between science and citizenship education and how science education contributes to citizenship education in Turkey. To achieve these goals, we focused on two research questions: First, what does the science curriculum in Turkey encompass concerning citizenship education? Second, how do science educators perceive their role in contributing to citizenship education, and how do they foster students' citizenship skills? Multiple data sources were employed to provide comprehensive answers to these research questions. In this context, the science curriculum in Turkey was analyzed, and interviews were conducted with science educators using a semi-structured interview protocol. The data were processed using the Maxqda Qualitative Data Analysis Program and subjected to content analysis. The research findings underscore that there is a relationship between science education and citizenship education. Science courses have the potential to cultivate citizenship competencies. However, science educators feel that science education is falling short of meeting its citizenship objectives due to various challenges they encounter. It is essential to train and support teachers to seamlessly integrate citizenship skills into science education

Performative Autotopography as Creative Recording: Architectural Essay Films on the Imaginaries of the Uncanny Home

This research explores the concept of autotopography as an intermediate space emerging through the interplay of the self with the other and the performativity of autotopographical production. It discusses performative productions in which spatial imaginaries take on visual and auditory forms through creative processes in which self and space intertwine and transform each other. Focusing on the homely spaces, it discusses three subsequential architectural essay films within their context of making. These films are performative autotopographical practices that attempt rather uncanny narratives of the home through drawing, filming, and modelmaking both as collective and individual. We claim that the performative making of architectural essay films interweaves multiple forms of recording and many states of subjective encounter to build a spatial narrative. And, the in-between spatialities that we magnify trace the multitudes of creative and imaginative translations of monologues, dialogues, and polylogues that shapeshift into architectures, blurring the definite and established threshold of the home.Bu araştırma, benliğin ötekiyle etkileşimi boyunca ortaya çıkan ara bir alan olarak ototopografya kavramına ve ototopografik üretimin performatifliğine odaklanır. Mekansal hayallerin görsel ve işitsel formlara büründüğü performatif üretimleri benliğin ve mekanın birbiri içine geçtiği ve birbirini dönüştürdüğü yaratıcı süreçler üzerinden tartışır. Evsel mekana odaklanan çalışma, ardışık üç mimari deneme filmini yapım süreçleri bağlamında tartışır. Filmleri, hem bireysel hem de kolektif olarak çizimler, çekimler ve maket yapımı aracılığıyla evin tekinsiz anlatılarını kurmayı deneyen performatif ototopografik pratikler olarak ele alır. Mimari deneme filmlerinin performatif üretiminin, mekansal anlatının inşasında kaydın çoklu biçimlerini ve öznel karşılaşmaların muhtelif durumlarını birbirine entegre eden bir karaktere sahip olduğunu iddia eder. Bu anlamda ortaya koyduğumuz ara mekansallıklar, mimarilere dönüşen monologların, diyalogların ve polilogların yaratıcı ve hayali çevirilerinin izini sürerek evin tanımlı ve yerleşik sınırlarını bulanıklaştırır

Determination of rust reactions on some selected bread wheat lines

Bread wheat is important cereal crop in Turkey. Rusts (caused by Puccinia spp.) are significant fungal diseases affecting quality and yield on the Central Anatolian Plateau. Aim of this study was to determine the reactions of 24 genotypes to local rust populations at the seedling stage (for Pst, Pgt and Pt) in Ankara and at the adult plant stage (for Pst and Pgt) in Ankara (YR;Yellow rust, SR; Stem rust) and Kastamonu (SR) during 2013-2014 growing season. In this study, rust reactions were determined at selected 24 bread wheat genotypes according to quality parameters having test weight (75.5-80.4 kg/hl), mixographe (3.5-6.0), Zeleny sedimentation (57-65 ml). These materials were developed by Field Crops Central Research Institute (FCCRI) Department of Quality Assessment and Food. For seedling test; the seedlings were inoculated with local Pgt, Pt (LR; Leaf rust) and Pst populations. Yellow, leaf and stem rust developments on each entry were scored after 14 days with 0-9 and 0-4 and scale for yellow rust and leaf-stem rust, respectively. For adult plant test; the genotypes were inoculated with local Pst (YR) and Pgt (SR) populations. Yellow and stem rusts developments on each entry were scored using the modified Cobb scale. Coefficients of infections were calculated and values below 20 were considered to be resistant. At the end of this study to determine rust reactions on 24 quality bread wheat lines; at the seedling stage, 8 (33%), 6 (25%) and 6 (25%) genotypes were determined as resistant to YR, LR and SR, respectively while at the adult stage, 10 (42%) and 0 (0%) lines were found resistant to YR and SR, respectively. These 8 and 6 materials which have been selected according to resistance for YR and LR respectively were selected for next yield trial. In addition to these materials can be used in disease and quality crossing studies

Second trimester abortion as a cause of maternal death: a case report

Each year, an estimated 529 000 maternal deaths occur worldwide. In literature, it is known that  maternal mortality can occur during pregnancy, peripartum and also in postpartum period. Although very rare, maternal deaths may occur after spontaneous abortion. In present case, 37 year old G5P4  (Caesarean Section) women was admitted to Adnan Menderes University, Obstetrics and Gynecology  clinic with diagnosis of missed abortion at 18 weeks' gestation. She had been hospitalized in the public maternity hospital for five days due to abortus incipience and prolapse of amnion membranes but had no  contractions. Fetal heart beats ceased at the second day of hospitalization. Medically induced abortion  was recommended but not accepted by the patient. At the fifth day of hospitalization, she was referred to our clinic due to deterioration of general health condition, low blood pressure and tachycardia. In  emergency department, it was determined that she was not oriented, had confusion, had blood pressure  of 49/25 mmHg and tachycardia. In ultrasonographic examination, 18 week in utero ex fetus was  determined and there was free fluid in abdominopelvic cavity. The free fluid was suspected to be amniotic fluid due to rupture of uterus. Laparotomy was performed, no uterine rupture, hematoma or atony was observed. However during laparotomy, a very bad smelling odor, might be due to septicemia, was felt in the operation room. Cardiac arrest occurred during that operation. In autopsy report, it was concluded that maternal death was because of remaining of inutero ex fetus for a long time. In conclusion, although very rare, maternal deaths after spontaneous abortion may occur. Because spontaneous abortion is a common outcome of pregnancy, continued careful, strict monitoring and immediate treatment of  especially second trimester spontaneous abortion is recommended to prevent related, disappointing, unexpected maternal deaths.Key words: Second trimester, spontaneous abortion, maternal death

Postmastectomy irradiation in breast in breast cancer patients with T1-2 and 1-3 positive axillary lymph nodes: Is there a role for radiation therapy?

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>We aimed to evaluate retrospectively the correlation of loco-regional relapse (LRR) rate, distant metastasis (DM) rate, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in a group of breast cancer (BC) patients who are at intermediate risk for LRR (T1-2 tumor and 1-3 positive axillary nodes) treated with or without postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) following modified radical mastectomy (MRM).</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Ninety patients, with T1-T2 tumor, and 1-3 positive nodes who had undergone MRM received adjuvant systemic therapy with (n = 66) or without (n = 24) PMRT. Patient-related characteristics (age, menopausal status, pathological stage/tumor size, tumor location, histology, estrogen/progesterone receptor status, histological grade, nuclear grade, extracapsular extension, lymphatic, vascular and perineural invasion and ratio of involved nodes/dissected nodes) and treatment-related factors (PMRT, chemotherapy and hormonal therapy) were evaluated in terms of LRR and DM rate. The 5-year Kaplan-Meier DFS and OS rates were analysed.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Differences between RT and no-RT groups were statistically significant for all comparisons in favor of RT group except OS: LRR rate (3%vs 17%, p = 0.038), DM rate (12% vs 42%, p = 0.004), 5 year DFS (82.4% vs 52.4%, p = 0.034), 5 year OS (90,2% vs 61,9%, p = 0.087). In multivariate analysis DM and lymphatic invasion were independent poor prognostic factors for OS.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>PMRT for T1-2, N1-3 positive BC patients has to be reconsidered according to the prognostic factors and the decision has to be made individually with the consideration of long-term morbidity and with the patient approval.</p

Problems encountered in conventional HIV 1/2 Algorithms: lack of necessity for immunoblot assays to confirm repeated ELISA reactive results

Background: The use of conventional (serologically based) HIV 1/2 diagnostic algorithms has become controversial in recent years.Objectives: Sera from patients who underwent verification tests were evaluated because repeated ELISA-reactive results demonstrated a HIV1+HIV2 positive band pattern.Methods: The line immunoassay (LIA) test was used for repeated HIV enzyme immunoassays (EIA)-reactive sera in patients at three centers. The Bio-Rad Geenius™ HIV 1/2 and the HIV-1 RNA tests were used. HIV-1 and RNA HIV-2 were investigated using PCR.Results: LIA was used to evaluate 3,224 out of 10,591 samples with repeated ELISA reactivity (30%). We found that 32 (1%) of the sera, along with HIV1 bands and HIV2 gp36 bands, were positive. Only 28 of the 32 verified serum samples with gp36 bands were repeated, and no gp36 band positivity was detected using the Bio-Rad Geenius™ HIV-1/2 confirmatory assay in these serum samples. The HIV-2 proviral DNAs were also negative. Therefore, we excluded the possibility of HIV1+2 co-infection. All samples from the 32 patients were positive for HIV-1 RNA.Conclusion: Our findings highlight the need to exclude confirmatory tests like the LIA test from the current diagnostic HIV algorithm and replace it with rapid HIV-1 and HIV-2 confirmatory immunochromotographic tests.Keywords: HIV, AIDS, HIV-2

Bakteriyel Vajinal Mikrobiyotanın Metagenomik Yaklaşımla Tanımlanması

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, alem düzeyinden tür düzeyine kadar farklı taksonomik seviyelerde yüksek verimli yeni nesil dizileme ve metagenomik yaklaşım kullanarak 38 Türk kadınının vajinal bakteriyel mikrobiyotasını belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Yeditepe Üniversitesi Hastanesi Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum Kliniği’nde Haziran 2021’de DNA/RNA koruma toplama tüplerine vajinal sürüntü örnekleri (n=38) alındı ve ZymoBIOMICS DNA miniprep kiti ile DNA ekstraksiyonu yapıldı. Hastaların yaşı, medeni durumu, ön tanı ve anamnez durumu ile ilgili bilgiler toplandı. Vajinal mikrobiyotayı belirlemek için 16S rRNA amplikon DNA dizilimi kullanılarak metagenomik bir yaklaşım uygulandı. Bulgular: Vajinal örneklerde baskın filum Firmicutes’i Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Tenericutes, Fusobacteria ve Synergistetes izledi. Lactobacillus en fazla bulunan “cins düzeyinde bakteri” olup onu Prevotella, Enterobacter, Gardnerella ve Dialister izledi. Vajinal sürüntü örneklerinde tür düzeyinde Lactobacillus iners baskın bulundu, bunu Gardnerella vaginalis, Enterobacter tabaci, Prevotella timonensis, Prevotella bivia ve Lactobacillus jensenii izledi. Kanonik uyum analizi (CCA), filum düzeyinde Proteobacteria ve Fusobacteria’nın en yüksek yüzdelerle evli/bekar değişkeni ile ilişkili olduğunu, ancak Actinobacteria ve Tenericutes’in yaş değişkeni ile ilişkili olduğunu gösterdi. Campylobacter, Atopobium, Enterobacter ve Lactococcus en yüksek yüzdelerle evli/bekar değişkeni ile ilişkili bulunurken, Anaerococcus, Streptococcus, Sutterella ve Veillonella en yüksek yüzdelerle yaşla ilişkili bulundu. Ayrıca, CCA, Campylobacter ureolyticus, Lb. jensenii ve Atopobium vajinae türlerinin evli/bekar değişkeni ile en yüksek yüzdelerle ilişkilendirirken, Lactobacillus johnsonii ve G. vaginalis en yüksek yüzdelerle yaş değişkeninde ilişkili bulundu. Sonuç: Vajinal hastalıklar hala önemli bir halk sağlığı sorunudur. Son yıllarda teknolojik gelişmeler sayesinde daha derinlemesine çalışılan vajinal mikrobiyotanın sanıldığından daha karmaşık olduğu keşfedilmiştir. Bu bulguları doğrulamak ve geliştirmek için daha fazla hasta araştırmasına ihtiyaç vardır