Introduzione

L’idea di questo volume nasce dall’osservazione del panorama delle famiglie contemporanee, nonché del loro quotidiano, contraddistinto dalla propria specifica attualità e complessità. Il volume prende altresì le mosse da due questioni fondamentali nella riflessione delle scienze psicosociali sulla famiglia: l’identità e la struttura (come si definisce e da chi è composta) e il mutamento e i processi familiari (ovvero, come evolve la famiglia)

Modelli del ciclo vitale della famiglia nel contesto contemporaneo

Nella trattazione dei modelli del ciclo di vita della famiglia, \ue8 necessario pertanto considerare come la famiglia nel corso della storia si sia sempre modificata a causa di specifici processi demografici, ove alcune forme familiari, che definiamo \u201cnuove\u201d, sono in realt\ue0 sempre esistite come effetto dell\u2019andamento della mortalit\ue0 e della natalit\ue0 (Santoro, 2013). Ci\uf2 che distingue le attuali configurazioni familiari rispetto a quelle presenti in passato \ue8 l\u2019essere il prodotto di libere scelte individuali e non di fattori contingenti. Possiamo ribadire la centralit\ue0 della famiglia nelle relazioni interpersonali visto come quel luogo concreto ed ideale dove la persona mette in gioco tutta se stessa. \uc8 quell\u2019insieme specifico di relazioni non infinito, n\ue9 indefinito che lega congiuntamente in modo unico i generi (il patto coniugale tra uomo e donna) e le generazioni (il legame tra genitori e figli e pi\uf9 profondamente il legame tra le stirpi e le genealogie paterna e materna) (Scabini &Cigoli, 2000)

La storia celata del trauma complesso. Una rassegna teorica tra realtà clinica e problemi diagnostici

Il presente contributo si propone di analizzare le difficoltà di riconoscimento e legittimazione, storicamente presenti nello studio del trauma psichico infantile, nonché di stimolare riflessioni aperte sulla possibilità che tali difficoltà siano ancora attuali. Recenti contributi sullo studio del disturbo traumatico dello sviluppo sottolineano infatti l’importanza degli aspetti relazionali e cumulativi nonché del momento evolutivo in cui il soggetto vive le proprie esperienze traumatiche

Modelli di parenting multipli e benessere interpersonale. Una rassegna teorica sull\u2019evoluzione del sistema motivazionale diadico verso il network dell\u2019accudimento

Models of multiple parenting and interpersonal wellbeing. A theoretical review on the evolution of the dyadic motivational system toward the network of care A theoretical analysis on the evolution of the dyadic parenting model toward the multiple attachment perspective is presented. In particular, looking beyond the monotropic perspective (Bowlby, 1969), a theoretical framework about the integration model as a support of the elasticity of the Internal Working Models is highlighted. Based on these studies, the continuity in the quality of the attachment representations would remain in function also of the changes inside the care environment, in its aspects of risk and protection as well as on dyadic, family and social levels in which it is organised. The network of care is presented as a dynamic system in constant evolution, influenced by internal, external and cultural changes. For instance, some clinical and interpersonal wellbeing implications can glimpse in those family contexts characterised by traumatic experiences. These negative experiences/relationships may be offset by the positive effects of a functional attachment relationship (secure) with different caregivers. In other words, having established insecure relationships with the primary attachment figure may be compensated for the positive effects of a secure attachment relationship established with other caregivers. In accordance with the theoretical and empirical analyses of the integration model, the goodness of maternal working models cannot therefore be considered the unique determiner of the child development. It can be assumed, however, that security emerges from the experience of a network of caregivers mostly characterised by balanced and secure representations. This would give shape to a context of care in which everyone experiences the sensitivity and responsiveness to support his/her socio-emotional growth

Whose Turn Is It? Problems of Reconciling Family and Work in Dual-Career Couples.

The work-family life conflict affects various aspects of dual-career families. Parenthood and the work-family life balance lead to an overload of responsibility and disparity at the expense of women, on a private as well as on a social level. In our research, we examined WIF (work to family) and FIW (family to work) conflicts in a sample of 483 dual-career couples. The main results underline an increase in familiar duties concerning child birth and childcare, as associated with the traditional work-family life balance strategy. The data seems to reflect differences in traditional roles between public-male- breadwinner and private-female-homemaker

The Invisible Pandemic: Domestic Violence and Health and Welfare Services in Italy and in the United Kingdom during Covid-19

Background: International research has shown how Domestic Violence (DV) can escalate during and after or large-scale crises or natural disaster. In many parts of the world, the introduction of lockdown, together with periods of global self-isolation in order to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2, has put families, women and children in abusive relationships more at risk, in terms of an “invisible pandemic”. Objective: The purpose of this paper is examining specific reports from Italy and the United Kingdom and analysing how there has been a surge in the pattern of DV cases, recorded globally during the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: For this purpose, starting from an increased number of DV reports, we examine the typology of Health and Welfare Services, delivered in Italy and in the UK, by a qualitative data collection as a way to show the problematic impact of pandemic measures for those living in and surviving abusive relationships. Results: Our findings allow a comparison between the two different countries and their Welfare Services, highlighting how lockdown has resulted in a reduction of available support for some families, while many others have experienced significant changes in how this care is provided. Conclusions: Our discussion and conclusions focus on the challenges posed by Covid-19, as well as on concerns and considerations regarding Governmental policies and Community services between these two countries

The Height of Chromospheric Loops in an Emerging Flux Region

Context. The chromospheric layer observable with the He I 10830 {\AA} triplet is strongly warped. The analysis of the magnetic morphology of this layer therefore requires a reliable technique to determine the height at which the He I absorption takes place. Aims. The He I absorption signature connecting two pores of opposite polarity in an emerging flux region is investigated. This signature is suggestive of a loop system connecting the two pores. We aim to show that limits can be set on the height of this chromospheric loop system. Methods. The increasing anisotropy in the illumination of a thin, magnetic structure intensifies the linear polarization signal observed in the He I triplet with height. This signal is altered by the Hanle effect. We apply an inversion technique incorporating the joint action of the Hanle and Zeeman effects, with the absorption layer height being one of the free parameters. Results. The observed linear polarization signal can be explained only if the loop apex is higher than \approx5 Mm. Best agreement with the observations is achieved for a height of 6.3 Mm. Conclusions. The strength of the linear polarization signal in the loop apex is inconsistent with the assumption of a He I absorption layer at a constant height level. The determined height supports the earlier conclusion that dark He 10830 {\AA} filaments in emerging flux regions trace emerging loops.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure

Le Small families e il ruolo paterno. Modelli di coparenting nel contesto familiare post moderno

Nella nostra società appare complesso riuscire a fornire una definizione dell’identità familiare eludendola dal contesto storico, culturale e geografico all’interno del quale essa è inserita. La famiglia rappresenta, infatti, una realtà in continua e repentina evoluzione e non casualmente, all’interno della comunità post moderna, si rintraccia una pluralità di forme familiari che aprono a riflessioni, nonché a modelli di studio e osservazione delle dinamiche familiari da un lato e del ruolo degli operatori sociali, dall’altro (Sapio, 2010). Ad oggi, all’interno della stessa società, convivono più tipologie familiari in analogia con il fenomeno già noto della pluralizzazione familiare (Fruggeri, 2005; 2018) e come testimonianza delle profonde trasformazioni che caratterizzano la comunità post moderna. I repentini mutamenti sociali e culturali hanno assunto un particolare interesse per gli studiosi del “mondo familiare”, essendo la famiglia un’unità dinamica soggetta a continue trasformazioni e altresì un prodotto specifico della società (AA.VV., 2014)