Le rôle du soutien social, du fardeau familial et de la satisfaction des services dans la détresse psychologique et la qualité de vie des familles de personnes souffrant de schizophrénie

Cette étude, réalisée auprès d’un échantillon de convenance de 71 familles de personnes souffrant de schizophrénie, explore au moyen d’analyses de régression, les liens pouvant exister entre le soutien que ces familles reçoivent de leur réseau social personnel, le fardeau associé à leur rôle de parents, leur satisfaction des services en santé mentale, leur détresse psychologique et leur qualité de vie. Trois variables identifiées par les analyses, permettent de prédire 31 % de la variance de la détresse psychologique. Elles sont l’obtention de conseils et d’orientation provenant de leur réseau, le fardeau associé à l’implication dans les activités quotidiennes et la satisfaction des services. Cinq variables permettent d’expliquer 63 % de la qualité de vie. Il s’agit de l’obtention de conseils et d’orientation, la confirmation de leur valeur de la part des membres de leur réseau, le fardeau ressenti lors de l’implication dans les activités quotidiennes, le fardeau associé aux comportements problématiques et enfin la satisfaction des services. Les composantes du soutien social identifiées sont les prédicteurs les plus fortement associés à la santé mentale des familles de personnes souffrant de schizophrénie.This study conducted with a sample of 71 families of individuals suffering from schizophrenia, examines by means of regression analysis, the link between support that families receive from their social network, satisfaction with mental health services, family burden and their psychological distress and quality of life. These analyses reveal that three variables predict 31 % of the variance associated with psychological distress. These variables are : obtaining counselling and advisory guidance from their network, the burden associated with daily-living and the satisfaction of services. Five variables account for 63 % of the quality of life. More specifically, counselling and advisory guidance as well as reassurance of their worth by members of their network, the burden felt during daily-living, the burden associated with difficult behavior and finally, satisfaction with services. The components of social support are the strongest predictors associated with mental health of families of individuals suffering from schizophrenia.Este estudio, realizado en una muestra por conveniencia de 71 familias de personas con esquizofrenia, explora, por medio de análisis de regresión, las relaciones que pueden existir entre el apoyo que reciben estas familias por parte de su red social personal, la carga asociada a su rol de padres, su satisfacción de los servicios de salud mental, su angustia psicológica y su calidad de vida. Tres variables identificadas por los análisis permiten predecir 31% de la variación de la angustia psicológica. Éstas son la obtención de consejos y orientación provenientes de su red, la carga asociada a la implicación en las actividades cotidianas y la satisfacción de los servicios. Cinco variables permiten explicar 63% de la calidad de vida. Se trata de la obtención de consejos y orientación, la confirmación de su valor por parte de los miembros de su red, la carga resentida durante la implicación en las actividades cotidianas, la carga asociada a los comportamientos problemáticos y finalmente la satisfacción de los servicios. Los componentes del apoyo social identificados son los predicadores más fuertemente asociados a la salud mental de las familias de personas con esquizofrenia.Este estudo, realizado junto a uma amostragem por conveniência de 71 famílias de pessoas que sofrem de esquizofrenia, explora pelo meio de análises de regressão, as relações que podem existir entre o apoio que estas famílias recebem de sua rede social pessoal, o fardo associado a seu papel de pais, sua satisfação dos serviços em saúde mental, sua depressão psicológica e sua qualidade de vida. Três variáveis identificadas pelas análises permitem predizer 31% da variância da depressão psicológica. Elas são a obtenção de conselhos e de orientação vinda de sua rede, o fardo associado à implicação nas atividades quotidianas e a satisfação dos serviços. Cinco variáveis permitem explicar 63% da qualidade de vida. Trata-se da obtenção de conselhos e da orientação, a confirmação de seu valor da parte dos membros de sua rede, o fardo sentido durante a implicação nas atividades quotidianas, o fardo associado aos comportamentos problemáticos e, finalmente, a satisfação em relação aos serviços. Os componentes do apoio social identificados são índices mais profundamente associados à saúde mental das famílias de pessoas que sofrem de esquizofrenia

Multi-Date Divergence Matrices for the Analysis of SAR Image Time Series

International audienceThe paper provides a spatio-temporal change detection framework for the analysis of image time series. In this framework, the detection of changes in time is addressed at the image level by using a matrix of cross-dissimilarities computed upon wavelet and curvelet image features. This makes possible identifying the acquisitions-of-interest: the acquisitions that exhibit singular behavior with respect to their neighborhood in the time series and those that are representatives of some stationary behavior. These acquisitions-of-interest are compared at the pixel level in order to detect spatial changes characterizing the evolution of the time series. Experiments carried out over ERS and TerraSAR-X time series highlight the relevancy of the approach for analyzing SAR image time series

Improving MPI Applications Performance on Multicore Clusters with Rank Reordering

International audienceModern hardware architectures featuring multicores and a complex memory hierarchy raise challenges that need to be addressed by parallel applications programmers. It is therefore tempting to adapt an application communication pattern to the characteristics of the underlying hardware. The MPI standard features several functions that allow the ranks of MPI processes to be reordered according to a graph attached to a newly created communicator. In this paper, we explain how the MPICH2 implementation of the MPI_Dist_graph_create function was modified to reorder the MPI process ranks to create a match between the application communication pattern and the hardware topology. The experimental results on a multicore cluster show that improvements can be achieved as long as the application communication pattern is expressed by a relevant metric

Topology and affinity aware hierarchical and distributed load-balancing in Charm++

International audienceThe evolution of massively parallel supercomputers make palpable two issues in particular: the load imbalance and the poor management of data locality in applications. Thus, with the increase of the number of cores and the drastic decrease of amount of memory per core, the large performance needs imply to particularly take care of the load-balancing and as much as possible of the locality of data. One mean to take into account this locality issue relies on the placement of the processing entities and load balancing techniques are relevant in order to improve application performance. With large-scale platforms in mind, we developed a hierarchical and distributed algorithm which aim is to perform a topology-aware load balancing tailored for Charm++ applications. This algorithm is based on both LibTopoMap for the network awareness aspects and on TREEMATCH to determine a relevant placement of the processing entities. We show that the proposed algorithm improves the overall execution time in both the cases of real applications and a synthetic benchmark as well. For this last experiment, we show a scalability up to one millions processing entities

TreeMatch : Un algorithme de placement de processus sur architectures multicœurs

Conférence ComPAR/RenPAR 2013National audienceDepuis quelques années, les clusters de nœuds NUMA à processeurs multi-cœurs deviennent très répandus. Programmer efficacement ces architectures est un réel défi compte tenu de leur hiérarchie complexe. Afin d'en tirer pleinement profit, il est nécessaire de prendre en compte cette structure de façon précise et d'y faire correspondre le schéma de communication de l'application. Ce faisant, les coûts de communication sont réduits et l'on observe des gains sur le temps d'exécution total de l'application. Nous présentons ici comment nous utilisons d'un côté le schéma de communication et de l'autre une représentation fidèle de l'architecture pour produire une permutation des processus d'une application donnée, permettant ainsi une réduction des coûts de communication

Matching communication pattern with underlying hardware architecture

International audienceMATCHING COMMUNICATION PATTERN WITH UNDERLYING HARDWARE ARCHITECTUR

An Overview of Process Mapping Techniques and Algorithms in High-Performance Computing

International audienceDue to the advent of modern hardware architectures of high-performance comput- ers, the way the parallel applications are laid out is of paramount importance for performance. This chapter surveys several techniques and algorithms that efficiently address this issue: the mapping of the application's virtual topology (for instance its communication pattern) onto the physical topology. Using such strategy enables to improve the application overall execution time significantly. The chapter concludes by listing a series of open issues and problems