Factors affecting study efficiency and item non-response in health surveys in developing countries: the Jamaica national healthy lifestyle survey

BACKGROUND: Health surveys provide important information on the burden and secular trends of risk factors and disease. Several factors including survey and item non-response can affect data quality. There are few reports on efficiency, validity and the impact of item non-response, from developing countries. This report examines factors associated with item non-response and study efficiency in a national health survey in a developing Caribbean island. METHODS: A national sample of participants aged 15–74 years was selected in a multi-stage sampling design accounting for 4 health regions and 14 parishes using enumeration districts as primary sampling units. Means and proportions of the variables of interest were compared between various categories. Non-response was defined as failure to provide an analyzable response. Linear and logistic regression models accounting for sample design and post-stratification weighting were used to identify independent correlates of recruitment efficiency and item non-response. RESULTS: We recruited 2012 15–74 year-olds (66.2% females) at a response rate of 87.6% with significant variation between regions (80.9% to 97.6%; p < 0.0001). Females outnumbered males in all parishes. The majority of subjects were recruited in a single visit, 39.1% required multiple visits varying significantly by region (27.0% to 49.8% [p < 0.0001]). Average interview time was 44.3 minutes with no variation between health regions, urban-rural residence, educational level, gender and SES; but increased significantly with older age category from 42.9 minutes in the youngest to 46.0 minutes in the oldest age category. Between 15.8% and 26.8% of persons did not provide responses for the number of sexual partners in the last year. Women and urban residents provided less data than their counterparts. Highest item non-response related to income at 30% with no gender difference but independently related to educational level, employment status, age group and health region. Characteristics of non-responders vary with types of questions. CONCLUSION: Informative health surveys are possible in developing countries. While survey response rates may be satisfactory, item non-response was high in respect of income and sexual practice. In contrast to developed countries, non-response to questions on income is higher and has different correlates. These findings can inform future surveys

Workshop: Assessment of Impacts of Global Climatic Changes on the Venezuelan Agricultural System

This report discusses the Assessment of Impacts of Global Climatic Changes on the Venezuelan Agricultural System Workshop, as part of the PAN-EARTH Project, Venezuela case study

PAN-EARTH/FONAIAP Workshop on Crop Model Training and Calibration

This report discusses a PAN-EARTH / Fondo Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (FONAIAP) Workshop on Crop Model Training and Calibration

Workshop on Modeling Crop: Training and Calibration Report

Report on a Modeling Crop and Climate Change workshop. The objectives of the workshop were: 1) train Venezuelan scientists in the use of agricultural models IBSNAT program (International Benchmark Sites Network for Agrotechnology Transfer), including discussions about their applicability and the acquisition of knowledge about the data needed for proper simulation and validation, 2) Calibrate the model of maize (CERES) for different cultivars and different regions of Venezuela using data from soil and climate corresponding to various tests, 3) Carry out model simulations under various climate scenarios to assess their potential effects on crops, 4) To strengthen the cooperation between users of IBSNAT models to make necessary tests to get a better database application thus facilitating validation and calibration of these models, and 5) To establish plans for future agricultural and meteorological research in the context of global climate change

Climate Services Ecosystems in times of COVID-19

Faced with the greatest public health crisis of our time, people must work together and learn from each other to overcome the complex challenges facing our communities, countries, and the world. Climate-related hazards are one of those challenges; they exacerbate already challenging public health conditions and impact not just people, but also the infrastructure, trade, and community support on which society depends. Through “Adapting Agriculture to Climate Today, for Tomorrow” (ACToday), the first of Columbia University’s Columbia World Projects, proactive interactions in six developing countries help identify and create the local climate service ecosystems needed to address food security, agricultural sustainability, and nutrition goals. In times of crisis and uncertainty, such as the current global pandemic of COVID-19, the preparation for climate impacts often turns toward reaction and response. However, climate risks remain unabated despite the COVID crisis; systems that make it easier for already-stressed decision-makers to understand and manage climate risks – and opportunities – are critical. Together, society must prepare for and manage the challenges that it can anticipate in order to be more resilient to those it cannot, and climate services ecosystems can help in this regard