Control of Pain and Dyspnea in Patients with Oncologic Disease in Acute Care: Non-Pharmacological Intervention

Objective: To identify non-pharmacological strategies in the control of pain and dyspnea, in patient with oncological disease, in acute care. Methodology: Question in PI[C]O format was used and search at EBSCO (MEDLINE with Full TEXT; CINAHL, Plus with Full Text; British Nursing Index) retrospectively from 2009 to 2015. We included also guidelines by reference entities: Oncology Nursing Society (2011) National Comprehensive Cancer Network and Cancer Care Ontario, resulting in a total of 15 articles. Results: The gold standard for an adequate symptom control is a systematized assessment. Non-pharmacological measures: psycho-emotional support, hypnosis, counseling/training/ instruction, therapeutic adherence, music therapy, massage, relaxation techniques, telephone support, functional and respiratory reeducation increase health gains. Conclusion: The control of oncologic pain and dyspnea require a comprehensive and multimodal approach

Family: the challenge of prevention of drug use.

CONTENTS OF THE BOOK From the original research for the knowledge and evaluation of family prevention programs in the five European countries we decided to enrich our study with different contributions in this field. Thus, some researchers have contributed to the organization of this book, having participated in the elaboration of some chapters. In the first chapter a description and a socio-historical framework of the evolution of the prevention concept are made. Throughout the years we have been learning how to better define and interpret the true meaning of drug use primary prevention. From the information to prevention as science a long way has been covered in a short period of time. In the second chapter we mention and describe all the existing theoretical models. We remind you that only some time ago preventive interventions were performed according to the idea that information on drugs was necessary and sufficient to avoid youngsters using them. The prevention models give support and frame the different preventive interventions, justifying the options made. In the third chapter, and based on the wider and deeper knowledge on protective and risk factors, we present the prevention strategies more often used. We also describe the preventive programs mentioned in the three areas we highlighted: Family – School – Community. In Chapter 4, after the definition of our research aims, we present the grids used in the reading of the selected projects in the five countries. They are two distinct grids that help us to understand the different levels of preventive intervention: a) one, which we call Level I grid, that refers to all the preventive interventions socalled occasional; b) Level II grid, which mentions long time actions with a theoretical framework. We also present and discuss the obtained data. In the fifth chapter we present the contribution of three of our researchers, approaching several themes. Professor Boyer, bearing in mind the results of IREFREA’s research (Mendes & Relvas et al, 1999) develops the issue of religion/spirituality as a protective factor. Dr. Susanna Pietralunga describes the preventive activities in family context and their evolution, from the Italian reality. Professor Paula Relvas approaches the family life cycle: a framework for primary prevention of drug use. In Chapter 7 the conclusions of our work are presented and a series of orientations are suggested, taking into account future preventive activities in family context

Tramas discursivas em práticas escolares de alfabetização

O artigo que se segue consiste em investigações oriundas de leituras e discussões empreendidas pelas autoras acerca do contexto das práticas escolares. A proposta consiste em levantar alguns pressupostos da Modernidade, contrapondo-a à Pós-modernidade, entendida esta última como problematizações à primeira, a partir do que se costuma entender como “virada linguística”. Teceremos algumas considerações a respeito dos sujeitos educacionais – professor e aluno -, problematizando-os à luz do paradigma dos estudos pós-críticos, ou pós-modernos, para o qual os sujeitos são entendidos como efeitos dos discursos e a linguagem como central na constituição dos objetos e sujeitos educacionais. Nesse âmbito, torna-se relevante pensar as práticas educacionais como práticas discursivas, verdadeiras “ordens de discurso” que regem os sujeitos e suas ações. A par desses conceitos, lançamo-nos a analisar cenas de sala de aula de alfabetização, de modo a apontar os mecanismos de construção de regimes de saberes e de poderes que perpassam as relações neste contexto. Nestas cenas, professores e alunos encontram-se inseridos em verdadeiros “rituais” que estabelecem o que, como e em que momento se pode dizer e não se pode dizer. O ensino consiste em um jogo discursivo e quem não souber as regras ou quiser “burlar” tais regras estará consequentemente fora. Esperamos que as discussões empreendidas, neste artigo, possam, em última instância, torcer e retorcer a trama discursiva da educação, puxando os fios, alargando os nós, de modo a (nos) vermos, com um outro olhar, os sujeitos da educação

N-player quantum games in an EPR setting

The $N$-player quantum game is analyzed in the context of an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) experiment. In this setting, a player's strategies are not unitary transformations as in alternate quantum game-theoretic frameworks, but a classical choice between two directions along which spin or polarization measurements are made. The players' strategies thus remain identical to their strategies in the mixed-strategy version of the classical game. In the EPR setting the quantum game reduces itself to the corresponding classical game when the shared quantum state reaches zero entanglement. We find the relations for the probability distribution for $N$-qubit GHZ and W-type states, subject to general measurement directions, from which the expressions for the mixed Nash equilibrium and the payoffs are determined. Players' payoffs are then defined with linear functions so that common two-player games can be easily extended to the $N$-player case and permit analytic expressions for the Nash equilibrium. As a specific example, we solve the Prisoners' Dilemma game for general $N \ge 2$. We find a new property for the game that for an even number of players the payoffs at the Nash equilibrium are equal, whereas for an odd number of players the cooperating players receive higher payoffs.Comment: 26 pages, 2 figure

Morphologic and Genetic Analysis of Synhimantus (Synhimantus) laticeps from a Long-Eared Owl (Asio otus)

The long-eared owl (Asio otus) is a medium-sized owl species that is well-distributed in almost all of the territories in Portugal. Nematodes were found in the oral cavity of a long-eared owl (A. otus) admitted to CRASSA (Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre of Santo Andre). During a physical exam and stabilization of the bird, five nematodes were collected. The worms were examined and measured under light microscopy, and photos were taken. After a morphological analysis was conducted, all the nematodes (five females) were identified as Synhimantus (Synhimantus) laticeps. Two specimens were subjected to molecular analysis, which confirmed the result. This study provides a combined morphological and genetic approach to S. laticeps. To the authors' best knowledge, this is the first report including genetic sequencing of S. laticeps in a long-eared owl (A. otus) from Portugal.This work was supported by the projects UIDB/CVT/00772/2020 and LA/P/0059/2020 funded by the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT). S.S.-S. thanks FCT for the financial support of his PhD work under the 2021 scholarship 2021.09461.BD contract through the Maria de Sousa-2021 program

Projeto escola de tempo complementar (PETCOM) e ensino de Química: Uma realidade na escola SESI Dolores Peres Gomes da Silva (rede SESIMINAS de educação) em Ituiutaba

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Fatores que dificultam o processo ensino-aprendizagem de Química na 1ª série do ensino médio em escola estadual de Minas Gerais

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Water Contamination Reduces the Tolerance of Coral Larvae to Thermal Stress

Coral reefs are highly susceptible to climate change, with elevated sea surface temperatures (SST) posing one of the main threats to coral survival. Successful recruitment of new colonies is important for the recovery of degraded reefs following mortality events. Coral larvae require relatively uncontaminated substratum on which to metamorphose into sessile polyps, and the increasing pollution of coastal waters therefore constitutes an additional threat to reef resilience. Here we develop and analyse a model of larval metamorphosis success for two common coral species to quantify the interactive effects of water pollution (copper contamination) and SST. We identify thresholds of temperature and pollution that prevent larval metamorphosis, and evaluate synergistic interactions between these stressors. Our analyses show that halving the concentration of Cu can protect corals from the negative effects of a 2–3°C increase in SST. These results demonstrate that effective mitigation of local impacts can reduce negative effects of global stressors

Analysis of two-player quantum games in an EPR setting using geometric algebra

The framework for playing quantum games in an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) type setting is investigated using the mathematical formalism of Clifford geometric algebra (GA). In this setting, the players' strategy sets remain identical to the ones in the classical mixed-strategy version of the game, which is then obtained as proper subset of the corresponding quantum game. As examples, using GA we analyze the games of Prisoners' Dilemma and Stag Hunt when played in the EPR type setting.Comment: 20 pages, no figure, revise