Multiwavelength Observations of Markarian 421 During a TeV/X-Ray Flare

A Te V flare from the BL Lac object Mrk 421 was detected in May of 1994 by the Whipple Observatory air Cherenkov experiment during which the flux above 250 GeV increased by nearly an order of magnitude over a 2-day period. Contemporaneous observations by ASCA showed the X-ray flux to be in a very high state. We present these results, combined with the first ever simultaneous or nearly simultaneous observations at Ge V gamma-ray, UV, IR, mm, and radio energies for this nearest BL Lac object. While the GeV gamma-ray flux increased slightly, there is little evidence for variability comparable to that seen at TeV and X-ray energies. Other wavelengths show even less variability. This provides important constraints on the emission mechanisms at work. We present the multiwavelength spectrum of this gamma-ray blazar for both quiescent and flaring states and discuss the data in terms of current models of blazar emission

OSSE Observations in Blazars

Results are reported on observations obtained with the Oriented Scintillation Spectrometer Experiment (OSSE) instrument on the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) of 17 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) known to exhibit blazar properties at other wavelengths. These observations span the period from 1991 June through 1994 May. Of the 33 high-confidence EGRET detections of blazars during CGRO observing phases 1 and 2 (1991 May 16-1993 September 7), OSSE has observed eight and detected five, namely 3C 273, 3C 279, PKS 0528+134, CTA 102, and 3C 454.3. Additionally, OSSE has detected the BL Lac sources H1517+65.6 and PKS 2155-304, which were not detected with EGRET. Variability in the energy band 50-150 keV is observed for all of the detected AGNs. The OSSE blazar sources are all well described by simple power-law models with photon number indices, Γ, varying from 1.0 to 2.1 among sources. When combined with available, although not necessarily contemporaneous, COMPTEL and EGRET observations, four to five detected blazars show clear evidence for spectral breaks between the hard X-ray and medium-energy gamma-ray bands. The exception is the combined OSSE/EGRET data for 3C 279 during 1991 October, where a simple power law with Γ = 1.9 works equally well. Gamma-ray evidence for beaming in CT A 102, PKS 0528 + 134, and 3C 454.3 is presented

Isatuximab plus atezolizumab in patients with advanced solid tumors: results from a phase I/II, open-label, multicenter study

Background: The anti-CD38 antibody isatuximab is approved for the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, but there are no data on its efficacy in solid tumors. This phase I/II study (NCT03637764) assessed the safety and activity of isatuximab plus atezolizumab (Isa + Atezo), an anti-programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) antibody, in patients with immunotherapy-naive solid tumors: epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), glioblastoma (GBM), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Patients and methods: Phase I assessed safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and the recommended phase II dose (RP2D) of isatuximab 10 mg/kg intravenously (i.v.) every week for 3 weeks followed by once every 3 weeks + atezolizumab 1200 mg i.v. every 3 weeks. Phase II used a Simon's two-stage design to assess the overall response rate or progression-free survival rate at 6 months (GBM cohort). Interim analysis was carried out at 6 months following first dose of the last enrolled patient in each cohort. Pharmacodynamic biomarkers were tested for CD38, PD-L1, tumor-infiltrating immune cells, and FOXP3+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Results: Overall, 107 patients were treated (EOC, n = 18; GBM, n = 33; HCC, n = 27; SCCHN, n = 29). In phase I, Isa + Atezo showed an acceptable safety profile, no dose-limiting toxicities were observed, and RP2D was confirmed. Most patients experienced >= 1 treatment-emergent adverse event (TEAE), with = 3. The most frequent TEAE was infusion reactions. The study did not continue to stage 2 based on prespecified targets. Tumor-infiltrating CD38+ immune cells were reduced and almost cleared after treatment. Isa + Atezo did not significantly modulate Tregs or PD-L1 expression in the TME. Conclusions: Isa + Atezo had acceptable safety and tolerability. Clinical pharmacodynamic evaluation revealed efficient target engagement of isatuximab via treatment-mediated reduction of CD38+ immune cells in the TME. Based on clinical data, CD38 inhibition does not improve responsiveness to PD-L1 blockade in these patients

Center for Earth Observing and Space Research Report

This report covers the astronomy-related activities of the Center for Earth Observing and Space Research (CEOSR), a component of the Institute for Computational Sciences and Informatics (CSI) at George Mason University, for the period October 1, 1995 to September 30, 1996. Faculty in the CEOSR program were J. Beall, P. Becker, R. Ellsworth, B. Geldzahler, J. Guillory, P. Hertz, M. Kafatos, R. Nemiroff, K. Olson, L. Ozernoy, L. Titarchuk, J. Wallin, K. Wood, and R. Yang. Further program information is available at http://www.ceosr.gmu.edu

Fundamental awareness: A framework for integrating science, philosophy and metaphysics

The ontologic framework of Fundamental Awareness proposed here assumes that non-dual Awareness is foundational to the universe, not arising from the interactions or structures of higher level phenomena. The framework allows comparison and integration of views from the three investigative domains concerned with understanding the nature of consciousness: science, philosophy, and metaphysics. In this framework, Awareness is the underlying reality, not reducible to anything else. Awareness and existence are the same. As such, the universe is non-material, self-organizing throughout, a holarchy of complementary, process driven, recursive interactions. The universe is both its own first observer and subject. Considering the world to be non-material and comprised, a priori, of Awareness is to privilege information over materiality, action over agency and to understand that qualia are not a “hard problem,” but the foundational elements of all existence. These views fully reflect main stream Western philosophical traditions, insights from culturally diverse contemplative and mystical traditions, and are in keeping with current scientific thinking, expressible mathematically

Anales de Edafología y Agrobiología Tomo 45 Número 1-2

l. Suelos. Química. Comparación de tres métodos diferentes para la medida del pH en los suelos de Gran Canaria. Por J. A. López Lancia, F. Polo Conde, A. Arribi López.-- Suelos AC sobre granitos de Galicia (N.O. de España) con especial referencia al ranker atlántico. V. Mineralogía. Por M. Carballas, M. C. Villar, F. Guitián Ojea y T. Carballas.-- Adsorción de parathion en suelos: influencia del conjunto arcilla-materia orgánica y su posible repercusión en suelos artificiales de invernaderos. Por M. Villafranca Sánchez, E. González Pradas y F. del Rey Bueno.-- Caracterización del fósforo en suelos gallegos: estudio comportamiento de los procedimientos de Chang y Jackson, 1957, y de Hedley Et. Al., 1982. Por Mª C. Trasar Cepeda, F. Gil Sotres y F. Guitián Ojea.-- Estudio de la contaminación por plagicidas en suelos de invernaderos. Por E. González Pradas, M. Villafranca Sánchez, l. Pérez Alvarez, A. Valverde García y R. J. Plaza Capel.-- Génesis de minerales interestratificados de la arcilla a partir de rocas espilíticas de Guernica. Por J. Casas, J. L. M. de Vidales, M. A. Hoyos y J. Guijarro.-- l. Suelos. Génesis, clasificación y cartografía. Formaciones edáficas del sector N.E. de la provincia de Cuenca. (II) inceptisoles. Por J. Batlles Sales, J. Gumuzzio Fernández, J. L. Martín de Vidales.-- Formaciones edáficas del sector N.E. de la provincia de Cuenca. (III) Mollisoles. Por J. Batlles Sales, J. Gumuzzio Fernández, J. L. Martín de Vidales, J. B. Alvarez Martín.-- Mineralogía de andosoles de la zona Cafetalera de Veracruz (México). Por N. García Calderón, T. Aleixandre, A. Pinilla y N. Aguilera.-- Contribución al estudio de suelos de alta montaña (Picos de Europa). l. Morfología, datos analíticos y clasificación. Por M. L. Palomar, G. Villamil, J. Hernando Costa, M. T. de la Cruz Caravaca.- Contribución al estudio de suelos de alta montaña (Picos de Europa). II. Estudio químico y mineralógico. Génesis. Por M. L. Palomar, G. Villamil, J. Hernando Costa, M. T. de la Cruz Caravaca.-- l. Suelos. Fertilidad. Aplicación del análisis factorial a la evaluación de la fertilidad de suelos. Por J. Moreno, M. T. Estañ, V. Martínez López y M. C. Bolarín.—II. Biología Vegetal. Nutrición. Estudio de la composición química de plantas de pimiento a lo largo del ciclo de cultivo. Por P. Zornoza y B. Arozanera.-- Interacción Rhizobium-Micorriza sobre el crecimiento y nutrición de Trifoliumrepens 1, en suelo ácido. Efecto del encalado y de la adición de roca fosfórica. Por D. F. Puccini, R. Azcon, E. J. Bedmar y J. M. Barea.-- Efecto de la aplicación foliar del MO sobre algunos aspectos nutricionales de la planta de patata. Por E. Esteban, J. Robles y F. Gallardo-Lara.-- Efecto de los niveles de Fe y Mn sobre el crecimiento de distintos cultivares de soja (Giycine Max/L/Merr.). Por E. O. Lerdi y M. Gómez.-- Manganeso asimilable en campos del suelo de Cartagena (Murcia). Por J. Moreno, M. T. Estañ, M. G. Guillén y M. C. Bolarín.-- II. Biología Vegetal. Fisiología - Análisis por cromatografia gas-líquido de los derivados silicados de los ácidos fijos del vino. Por F. Henao, J. L. Menas, J. l. Maynar y R. Zamora.-- Características foliares de haploides nicotiana tabacum seleccionados por eficacia fotosintética. Por H. Medrana.-- Susceptibilidad de distintas variedades de guisante, veza y lupino a la infección por glomus mosseae. Por E. J. Bedmar y J. A. Ocampo.-- Influencia del estado de hidratación del talo en los cuerpos de reserva del ficobionte liquénico myrmecia. Por S. Rapsch y C. Ascaso.-- II. Biología Vegetal. Agrobiología - Utilización de los reguladores del crecimiento en los cultivos de cebada. Por l. de la Morena Valenzuela.-- Fitomasa subterránea en pastizales semiáridos de dehesa. Efectos del relieve y evo- lución con la profundidad. Por J. M. Gómez e l. Barrera.-- III. BibliografíaPeer reviewe