El grupu neandertal de la Cueva d'El Sidrón (Borines, Piloña).

Na monografía clásica de Puig y Larraz (1896: 250-252) amiéntense delles cavidaes del Conceyu de Piloña2 , pero non la Cueva d’El Sidrón (Fig. 1). Esta conocíase, ensin dulda, dende la Guerra Civil y el maquis al servir d’abellugu a persiguíos políticos, y guarda una alcordanza imborrable nuna de les sos múltiples entraes, yá qu’ellí ta enterrada Olvido Otero González (1908-1938). Per El Sidrón pasaron munches persones a lo llargo de los años, pero en 1994 prodúxose’l descubrimientu per parte d’unos espeleólogos xixoneses d’unos güesos humanos que dieron un importante xiru a la conocencia de los nuesos antepasaos neandertale

Role of age and comorbidities in mortality of patients with infective endocarditis

[Purpose]: The aim of this study was to analyse the characteristics of patients with IE in three groups of age and to assess the ability of age and the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) to predict mortality. [Methods]: Prospective cohort study of all patients with IE included in the GAMES Spanish database between 2008 and 2015.Patients were stratified into three age groups:<65 years,65 to 80 years,and ≥ 80 years.The area under the receiver-operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was calculated to quantify the diagnostic accuracy of the CCI to predict mortality risk. [Results]: A total of 3120 patients with IE (1327 < 65 years;1291 65-80 years;502 ≥ 80 years) were enrolled.Fever and heart failure were the most common presentations of IE, with no differences among age groups.Patients ≥80 years who underwent surgery were significantly lower compared with other age groups (14.3%,65 years; 20.5%,65-79 years; 31.3%,≥80 years). In-hospital mortality was lower in the <65-year group (20.3%,<65 years;30.1%,65-79 years;34.7%,≥80 years;p < 0.001) as well as 1-year mortality (3.2%, <65 years; 5.5%, 65-80 years;7.6%,≥80 years; p = 0.003).Independent predictors of mortality were age ≥ 80 years (hazard ratio [HR]:2.78;95% confidence interval [CI]:2.32–3.34), CCI ≥ 3 (HR:1.62; 95% CI:1.39–1.88),and non-performed surgery (HR:1.64;95% CI:11.16–1.58).When the three age groups were compared,the AUROC curve for CCI was significantly larger for patients aged <65 years(p < 0.001) for both in-hospital and 1-year mortality. [Conclusion]: There were no differences in the clinical presentation of IE between the groups. Age ≥ 80 years, high comorbidity (measured by CCI),and non-performance of surgery were independent predictors of mortality in patients with IE.CCI could help to identify those patients with IE and surgical indication who present a lower risk of in-hospital and 1-year mortality after surgery, especially in the <65-year group

Sin / Sense

Sexto desafío por la erradicación de la violencia contra las mujeres del Institut Universitari d’Estudis Feministes i de Gènere «Purificación Escribano» de la Universitat Jaume

El Carbonífero marino del ámbito astur-leonés (Zona Cantábrica): síntesis paleontológica

Los terrenos carboníferos afloran en todas las unidades que componen el Dominio Astur-Leonés (Unidades de Somiedo-Correcillas, Sobia-Boclón, Aramo, Cuenca Carbonífera Central, Ponga y Picos de Europa). En la región están ex puestos materiales que abarcan desde la misma base del Sistema hasta el Estefaniense. En líneas generales, las rocas prewestfalienses son totalmente marinas, los depósitos del Weslfaliense (aproximadamente eq ui valente a la parte alta del Bashkiriense y a 10clo el Moscovicnse, en términos de la eSlrmi grafía rusa) tienen naturaleza mixta en las áreas tmís occidentales y marina en las orientales y, finalmente, los materiales estefanienses son fundamentalmente continentales, aunque existen afloramientos panílicos, o incluso marinos, en aJgunas areas de Picos de Europa, donde se alcanzan con seguridad tramos del Kasimoviense Superior que conlienen fusulináceos. El registro fósil de los tramos marinos está constituido esencialmente por algas, foraminíferos, poríferos, tabulados, rugosos, braquiópodos, bivalvos, gasterópodos, cefalópodos, trilobites, ostrácodos, crinoideos y conodontos. Ocasionalmente se han mencionado restos dc otros grupos. De todos ellos, los foraminíferos, rugosos, braquiópodos, cefalópodos, ostrácodos y conodontos, son los que han atraido la atención preferente, debido, en gran parle, a su abundancia o a su interés como indicadores estratigráficos. En la parte inferior de la sucesión (Turnesiense, Viseense, ambos de carácter condensado, y Namuriense bajo) el contenido paleontológico es escaso. Está integrado mayoritariamente por conodontos, junto con algunos cefalópodos, crinoideos, braquiópodos, radiolarios, foraminíferos primitivo, y osículos de holoturoideos. Los niveles situados por encima tienen carácter mucho más variado. Las rocas preestefanienses muestran sucesiones en las que alternan depósitos continentales y marinos, sucesiones originadas en plataformas mixtas de carácter terrígeno carbonatado, series formadas en plataformas carbonatadas extensas y temporalmente muy persistentes, y depósitos que han sido interpretados como de carácter más distal, incluyendo secuencias turbidíticas. En conjunto, su contenido paleontológico es de naturaleza variada y abundancia muy desigual. Junto a intervalos de varios centenares de metros que solo contienen restos aislados, en ciertas localidades hay tramos con abundancia de fósiles que, en algunos casos, llegan a tener carácter biogénico, Aunque existen deficiencias en el conocimiento paleontológico del Carbonífero marino del ámbito astur-leonés, los estudios llevados a cabo hasta el presente permiten conocer las grandes líneas de la composición de las asociaciones fósiles en diversos lapsos estratigráficos. En un trabajo previo se distinguieron en las Unidades del Ponga y Picos de Europa cinco interva los mayores (que corresponden grosso modo al Turnesiense y Viseense, Serpukhoviense, Bashkiriense, Moscoviense y Kasimoviense) con composición paleontológica bien distinta, que parecen extrapolables a otras áreas del Dominio Astur-Leonés

Sharing Plant Uses with Animals: Plants Used for Feeding and Curing Humans and Animals in the Spanish Inventory of Traditional Knowledge Related to Biodiversity

Trabajo presentado en la 57th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany (Cultural resilience and resource extraction: preserving plants & people of degraded ecosystems), celebrada en Pine Mountain (USA) del 5 al 9 de junio de 2016.Spain has a very rich and dynamic traditional ecological knowledge system that has suffered severe erosion over the last decades. This knowledge has been deeply influenced by a rich and diverse historical heritage that includes many centuries old documents from ancient cultures, some over 2000 years old. Spanish acute useful flora comprises around 3,000 species, most of them autochthonous. A team of more than 70 scientists from more than 30 universities and other research centres are developing the Spanish Inventory of Traditional Knowledge. The inventory includes a database with information from over180 papers. The review of such papers showed that more than 2,300 plant species are used in human and animal food and medicine: 1,681 in human medicine, 1,295 in animal food, 953 in human food and 709 in veterinary medicine. Nearly 14% of the species (313) are shared in the four categories and a very important amount of species are used both for humans and animals: 35% of the species (800) are employed in animal food and medicine, 31% (710) in human food and medicine, 28% (650) in human and veterinary medicine and 27% (624) in animal and human food. This high percentage of overlap between human and animal uses may indicate that the observation of animal behaviour , specially feeding and selfmedication behaviours, might have given clues to humans on how to use food and medicinal plants[Lo1]. It also reinforces the idea that food and medicine represent a continuum not only for humans, but also for animals.Peer reviewe

Sustainability of traditional ecological knowledge: importance, distribution, endemicity and conservation of Spanish medicinal plants

Trabajo presentado en la 58th Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany (Living in a global world: local knowledge ans sustainability), celebrada en Braganza (Portugal) del 4 al 9 de junio de 2017.-- IECTB authors: L Aceituno, R Acosta, A Alvarez, E Barroso, J Blanco, MA Bonet, L Calvet, E Carrio, R Cavero, U DAmbrosio , L Delgado, J Fajardo, I Fernandez-Ordonez, J Garcia, T Garnatje, JA Gonzalez, R Gonzalez-Tejero, A Gras, E Hernandez-Bermejo, E Laguna, JA Latorre, C. Lopez, MJ Macia, E Marcos, V Martinez, G Menendez, M Molina, R Morales, LM Munoz, C Obon, R Ontillera, M Parada, A Perdomo, I Perez, MP Puchades, V Reyes-Garcia, M Rigat, S Rios, D Rivera, R Rodriguez, O Rodriguez, R Roldan, L San Joaquin, FJ Tardio, JR Vallejo, J Valles, H Velasco and A Verde.More than 17,000 of the plant species of the world have been used as medicines. The Mediterranean basin, and specifically Spain, has a great floristic and ethnobotanical richness, comprising its useful flora around 3,000 plant species. This paper studies medicinal plants traditionally used in Spain in order to analyze the sustainability of their exploitation. Given that sustainability is related to the amount of the resource and its gathering pressure, its availability and cultural importance were analysed based on: the number of papers cited from a selection of over 180 papers, the number of 10x10 km UTM grid cells in which the plants were represented, the number of phytosociological inventories in which the presence of the plant has been registered, and searched on their current conservation status in European, national and regional legislations. The total number of wild or naturalized medicinal species in Spain reaches 1,393, 15% of them being endemic. A positive correlation was found among cultural importance and abundance (ρ=0.48) and among cultural importance and distribution (ρ=0.502), showing that abundant widely distributed species are those more commonly used. Most of the medicinal plants (72%) do not appear on the consulted regulations and do not have any legal protection or known threat and only 11 species are registered in any of the annexes of the European Habitats directive. While this study confirms that people tend to select as medicinal abundant and widely distributed species, many other criteria are used for selecting them.Peer reviewe