Coping strategies and protective mechanisms of personality of students-teachers

The article attempts to investigate the relationship of coping strategies and protective mechanisms of the personality of student teachers with different levels of neurotization. It is noted that the presence of effective coping strategies and protective mechanisms of the personality is a condition for successful professional activity of future teachers, as well as somatic and psychological health. The article presents the theoretical and methodological basis of the study, the lack of sophistication and fuzziness of the concepts of psychological defense, neurotization and the state of neurotization, the methods of collecting empirical data are presented. An analysis of the data allowed us to see that more than half of the student teachers have psychosomatic or somatoform diseases against the background of an increased level of mental stress and neurotization. The research made it possible to identify a stable system of psychological defenses and non-adaptive coping strategies among psychology students with a high level of neurotization and substantiate the recommendation for the targeted formation of more mature and adequate adaptation strategies in student teachers of this group.В статье предпринята попытка исследовать взаимосвязь копинг-стратегий и защитных механизмов личности студентов-педагогов с разным уровнем невротизации. Отмечено, что наличие эффективных копинг-стратегий и защитных механизмов личности является условием успешной профессиональной деятельности будущих педагогов, а также соматического и психологического здоровья. В статье представлена теоретическая и методологическая основа исследования, отмечена недостаточность проработанности и размытость понятий психологическая защита, невротизация и состояние невротизации, представлены методики сбора эмпирических данных. Анализ данных позволил увидеть, что более чем у половины студентов-педагогов присутствуют психосоматические либо соматоформные заболевания на фоне повышенного уровня психического напряжения и невротизации. Исследование позволило выявить устойчивую систему психологических защит и неадаптивных копинг-стратегий у студентов-психологов с высоким уровнем невротизации и обосновать рекомендацию по целенаправленному формированию у студентов-педагогов данной группы более зрелых и адекватных стратегий адаптации

Prospects for the drug use based on common ivy for bronchopulmonary pathology in childhood

Respiratory diseases persistently lead in the structure of general morbidity in both children and adolescents. Acute respiratory infections are the most common among them. Interest of pediatricians to phytotherapy is not accidental and is due to the fact that it has a mild therapeutic effect, enhances the effectiveness of complex therapy, has few side effects. Of particular interest are herbal remedies containing ivy extract (Hedera helix), the active ingredients are mainly found in ivy leaves, they are biologically active substances: Triterpene saponins, glycosides, also contain carbohydrates, essential oils, steroids, phenolcarboxylic acids, coumarins, flavonoids, carotenoids, tocopherols (vitamin E), B and C vitamins, tannins, phytoncides. Ivy preparations are prescribed as an expectorant in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the upper and lower respiratory tract due to their proven multidirectional effects: secretolytic, mucolytic, bronchospasmolytic. They also have anti-inflammatory, reparative, antioxidant effects.This article presents a clinical example of an officinal ivy-based preparation used in the treatment of a 3.5 year old patient diagnosed with acute respiratory viral infection. Temperature increased to 38 °C, runny nose; on the second day of illness the temperature remained subfebrile and a dry cough appeared. Nasal vasoconstrictor drops and oral acetylcysteine were prescribed, but there was no relief. On the third day of the illness, against the background of subfebrile temperature, the cough persisted, single dry rales were heard in the lungs, wheezing appeared during physical exertion. Acetylcysteine was withdrawn and replaced by ivy-based drops (16 drops 3 times a day orally after meals in a small amount of water). After 2 days the cough was moist, the sputum was easily expectorated, the wheezing in the lungs was almost gone, there was no more wheezing and the temperature was normal. By the sixth day of treatment the cough was gone and the girl had almost recovered. Nevertheless, Gedelix was continued for another 4 days. Prospective results and detailed study of the effects of herbal preparations on the basis of ivy extracts served as the basis for their recommendation as a complex therapy of cough in children

SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF A JOINT-STOCK COMPANY

Within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach at the intersection of economics and social psychology, an attempt was made to identify the influence of the interaction of economic and socio-psychological factors on the result of a Joint-Stock Company’s activities and readiness for innovation in conditions of unpredictability. The indirectness of ownership affects the accuracy and adequacy of assessing the situation, oneself, and others, predetermines the employees’ sense of stability, underestimation of the role of the consumer, the personal influence of employees on the effectiveness of the organization’s activities and does not contribute to the transition to a marketing organizational culture.В рамках междисциплинарного подхода на стыке экономики и социальной психологии была предпринята попытка выявления влияния взаимодействия экономических и социально-психологических факторов на результат деятельности акционерного общества и готовности к инновациям в условиях непредсказуемости. Опосредованность собственности влияет на точность и адекватность оценки ситуации, себя и других, предопределяет у сотрудников ощущение стабильности, недооценку роли потребителя, персонального влияния работников на эффективность деятельности организации и не способствует переходу к маркетинговой организационной культуре

Self-Organization and the Style of Cognitive Activity in Humanitarian Training Students

Современная социокультурная ситуация задает требование к развитию системы образования, в которой процесс самоорганизации обучающихся рассматривается как важная и очевидная составляющая развивающегося человека. Изучены особенности самоорганизации у студентов первокурсников. Выявлены основные трудности у студентов-девушек, которые связаны со сниженным уровнем функционирования первого - проблемно-целевого (гностического) - и четвертого - рефлексивно-оценочного - компонентов самоорганизации деятельности. Установлен доминирующий тип деятельности "теоретик" у студентов-девушек, соответствующий конвергентному стилю обучения, при повышении которого прогнозируется закономерное увеличение переменных самоорганизации: "коррекция", "самоконтроль", "планирование". Описаны основные трудности у студентов-юношей, которые связаны со сниженным уровнем функционирования второго - программно-целевого - и третьего - операционально-технологического - компонентов самоорганизации деятельности. Разработан и представлен конструктор задач для активации процессов самоорганизации студентов-первокурсников юношей и девушек для формирования общекультурной компетенции - способности к самообразованию и самоорганизации.The article is focused on cognitive self-reliance development of master course students in a practical course of English in the age of digitalization and the role of teacher as a tutor of students' independent work providing training and guidance of their automethodical control.The modern social and cultural situation sets a requirement for the development of the education system, in which the process of self-organization of students is considered as an important and obvious component of a developing person. At the same time, the university teachers have a question: what are the skills of real goal-setting and self-organization, as well as the skills of planning and self-control among freshmen students? How can these skills and abilities be activated in the scientific process? The aim of the work is to study the features of self-organization among freshmen students

Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of cervical cerclage and use of cervical pessary for correction of isthmico-cervical incompetence during pregnancy

For correction of isthmico-cervical incompetence of 141 patients the cervical obstetric pessary was used, cervical cerclage was used, for 71 pregnant woen in control group. The level of preterm birth at <33 weeks in the group, corrected cervical pessary, was 9.9%, which was significantly lower than the 24.5% corrected with cerclage. Cervical pessary has an advantage when it is used in gestation over 20 weeks, when the performance of cerclage is associated with a high risk of or after an unsuccessful attempt of cerclage, has a higher safety profile. The usage of cervical pessary should be considered the first-line therapy among patients with a short cervix according to ultrasound data and the absence of preterm birth history.Для коррекции ИЦН у 141 пациентки основной группы применялся акушерский пессарий, у 71 беременной контрольной группы - серкляж шейки матки. Уровень преждевременных родов в сроки <33 недель в группе, корригированной акушерским пессарием, составил 9,9%, что было достоверно ниже показателя 24,5% в группе, корригированной швами. Акушерский пессарий имеет преимущество при применении в сроки гестации более 20 недель, когда выполнение серкляжа сопряжено с высоким риском или после неудачной попытки серкляжа, имеет более высокий профиль безопасности. Использование акушерского пессария следует считать терапией первой линии у пациенток с короткой шейкой матки по данным ультрасонографии и отсутствием преждевременных родов в анамнезе

Optimizing a low-temperature preservation technique for Bacillus anthracis strains

The use of pure microbial cultures is associated with the following key challenges: storage, transportation and resuscitation after a long-term preservation. The currently used anthrax vaccines are produced using various strains of Bacillus anthracis. According to the storage passport data, anthrax strains are now stored in 30–40% glycerin solutions, which helps to preserve a sufficient number of viable cells without losses to their pathogenic properties for three years. It is obviously an urgent task to develop a long-term preservation technique for Bacillus anthracis strains. The aim of this study was to optimize a low-temperature preservation method for Bacillus anthracis strains that ensures viability and no losses to biological properties of the pathogen. Two vaccine strains of Bacillus anthracis were selected for the research: i.e. K-STI-79 and 55-VNIIVViM and two cryoprotective media (No. 1 – 15% glycerin solution with 15% glucose solution and No. 2 – 30% neutral glycerin solution in saline solution). At first biological properties of the strains were studied and the number of viable cells was calculated. Later on, the strains were placed into low-temperature preservation facilities, at the temperature of –40 and –70 °C. Six months later, the effect of three thawing cycles on viability and biological properties of the agent was tested: i.e. at room temperature (22 ± 2) °C, in a water bath at a temperature of (37 ± 1) °C and in a household refrigerator at a temperature of (6 ± 2) °C. As demonstrated, the best option is to preserve the cells at –70 °C and thaw them in a water bath at (37 ± 1) °C. Further research will be focused on duration of the low-temperature preservation that will ensure appropriate viability and biological properties of the pathogen

Models of word-formation in loan toponyms in German and French

The peculiarities of German and French toponymic systems are the result of historical and extralinguistic development. The system of word forming patterns and its structural components are represented as a result of the interaction of languages. It allows to analyse German and French toponyms as subsystems of onymiс vocabulary. Loan formants, which determined social-cultural nature of toponyms, are considered. Special attention is paid to the process of onymization of appellatives. Structural modeling of German and French toponyms is presente

Electric and galvanomagnetic properties of CD₃AS₂-20 mol % MnAs composite under high pressure

The pressure dependences of electrical resistance, Hall coefficient, charge carrier mobilities, and magnetoresistance of the Cd₃As₂-20 mol % MnAs composite are investigated at pressures up to 9 GPa. The pressure dependences of all the listed properties exhibit features related to phase transitions. The presence of pressure-induced negative magnetoresistance is registere