Soluble factors from Lactobacillus reuteri CRL1098 have anti-inflammatory effects in acute lung injury induced by lipopolysaccharide in mice

We have previously demonstrated that Lactobacillus reuteri CRL1098 soluble factors were able to reduce TNF-a production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The aims of this study were to determine whether L. reuteri CRL1098 soluble factors were able to modulate in vitro the inflammatory response triggered by LPS in murine macrophages, to gain insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in the immunoregulatory effect, and to evaluate in vivo its capacity to exert antiinflammatory actions in acute lung injury induced by LPS in mice. In vitro assays demonstrated that L. reuteri CRL1098 soluble factors significantly reduced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators (NO, COX-2, and Hsp70) and proinflammatory cytokines (TNF-a, and IL-6) caused by the stimulation of macrophages with LPS. NF-kB and PI3K inhibition by L. reuteri CRL1098 soluble factors contributed to these inhibitory effects. Inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway and the diminished expression of CD14 could be involved in the immunoregulatory effect. In addition, our in vivo data proved that the PS induced secretion of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, inflammatory cells recruitment to the airways and inflammatory lung tissue damage were reduced in L. reuteri CRL1098 soluble factors treated mice, providing a new way to reduce excessive pulmonary inflammation.Fil: Griet, Milagros. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (i); ArgentinaFil: Zelaya, María Hortensia del Rosario. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (i); ArgentinaFil: Mateos, Melina Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnol.conicet - Bahia Blanca. Instituto de Invest.bioquimicas Bahia Blanca (i); ArgentinaFil: Salva, Maria Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (i); ArgentinaFil: Juarez, Guillermo Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (i); ArgentinaFil: Font, Graciela Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (i); ArgentinaFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (i); ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Gabriela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnol.conicet - Bahia Blanca. Instituto de Invest.bioquimicas Bahia Blanca (i); ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Ana Virginia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Tucumán. Centro de Referencia Para Lactobacilos (i); Argentin

Ultralight vector dark matter search using data from the KAGRA O3GK run

Among the various candidates for dark matter (DM), ultralight vector DM can be probed by laser interferometric gravitational wave detectors through the measurement of oscillating length changes in the arm cavities. In this context, KAGRA has a unique feature due to differing compositions of its mirrors, enhancing the signal of vector DM in the length change in the auxiliary channels. Here we present the result of a search for U(1)B−L gauge boson DM using the KAGRA data from auxiliary length channels during the first joint observation run together with GEO600. By applying our search pipeline, which takes into account the stochastic nature of ultralight DM, upper bounds on the coupling strength between the U(1)B−L gauge boson and ordinary matter are obtained for a range of DM masses. While our constraints are less stringent than those derived from previous experiments, this study demonstrates the applicability of our method to the lower-mass vector DM search, which is made difficult in this measurement by the short observation time compared to the auto-correlation time scale of DM

Walking in a Very Dangerous Space: An Ethnography at the Edges of Adolescence and Psychosis

This manuscript is an ethnography about people, typically young (14-25) but not exclusively so, and families seeking care in early psychosis clinics, and the psychiatric professionals who provide them with services. I offer insight into living and working in the midst of potential psychosis. I attend to psychosis as experience rather than psychiatric symptom, as something beyond a label that can be assigned to individuals correctly or incorrectly. This study neither tests nor tables the question of what early psychosis is or whether or not early psychosis can be identified and treated. Instead, I show how experience comes to be declared or dismissed as psychosis iteratively through conversations between young people, clinicians, and family members. Diagnosis then proceeds both formally and informally through processes that attempt to order odd, fleeting experiences by chronology and conviction, thereby rationalizing what resists making sense. And yet, in early psychosis clinics diagnostic uncertainty continues to simultaneously demand and destabilize the clinical application of psychiatric categories. I attend carefully to moments of failure, resistance, and destabilization in early identification and intervention. It is within these sites of profound uncertainty that alternative possible explanations and desires emerge—to be personally addressed by a voice that no one else hears, to be worthy of trust and psychotic, to be listened to. Anthropology widely theorizes psychosis as a condition of madness and as extraordinary, most typically through the lens of schizophrenia. This literature highlights the spectacular and unusual aspects of psychosis, its ruptures. Psychosis emerges as an extreme of human experience, distinct from the ordinary and as something that threatens subjectivity across multiple domains. This study, based on 12 months of ethnographic fieldwork access to specialized US early psychosis clinics, shows that in the scene of early psychosis, the symptom evades discernment in its ephemerality, its subtlety, its truth. Psychosis continues to evade rationalization not necessarily because of its extraordinary character, but also in its proximity to reality. I look to the accounts of psychosis shared herein as helping to elucidate ordinary experience not because they are extreme or opposing versions, but because they are in fact ordinary. The widely maintained premise of psychosis as extraordinary, bizarre, and spectacular leaves much of psychotic experience unrecognized and establishes in advance the fact of its unfamiliarity. While anthropology has widely theorized psychosis as extraordinary, my fieldwork poses a new question: if psychosis can be so ordinary, how mad must the ordinary be

Walking in a Very Dangerous Space: An Ethnography at the Edges of Adolescence and Psychosis

This manuscript is an ethnography about people, typically young (14-25) but not exclusively so, and families seeking care in early psychosis clinics, and the psychiatric professionals who provide them with services. I offer insight into living and working in the midst of potential psychosis. I attend to psychosis as experience rather than psychiatric symptom, as something beyond a label that can be assigned to individuals correctly or incorrectly. This study neither tests nor tables the question of what early psychosis is or whether or not early psychosis can be identified and treated. Instead, I show how experience comes to be declared or dismissed as psychosis iteratively through conversations between young people, clinicians, and family members. Diagnosis then proceeds both formally and informally through processes that attempt to order odd, fleeting experiences by chronology and conviction, thereby rationalizing what resists making sense. And yet, in early psychosis clinics diagnostic uncertainty continues to simultaneously demand and destabilize the clinical application of psychiatric categories. I attend carefully to moments of failure, resistance, and destabilization in early identification and intervention. It is within these sites of profound uncertainty that alternative possible explanations and desires emerge—to be personally addressed by a voice that no one else hears, to be worthy of trust and psychotic, to be listened to. Anthropology widely theorizes psychosis as a condition of madness and as extraordinary, most typically through the lens of schizophrenia. This literature highlights the spectacular and unusual aspects of psychosis, its ruptures. Psychosis emerges as an extreme of human experience, distinct from the ordinary and as something that threatens subjectivity across multiple domains. This study, based on 12 months of ethnographic fieldwork access to specialized US early psychosis clinics, shows that in the scene of early psychosis, the symptom evades discernment in its ephemerality, its subtlety, its truth. Psychosis continues to evade rationalization not necessarily because of its extraordinary character, but also in its proximity to reality. I look to the accounts of psychosis shared herein as helping to elucidate ordinary experience not because they are extreme or opposing versions, but because they are in fact ordinary. The widely maintained premise of psychosis as extraordinary, bizarre, and spectacular leaves much of psychotic experience unrecognized and establishes in advance the fact of its unfamiliarity. While anthropology has widely theorized psychosis as extraordinary, my fieldwork poses a new question: if psychosis can be so ordinary, how mad must the ordinary be

Liderazgo y empoderamiento en empresas recuperadas: un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo

La investigación tiene como finalidad conocer los niveles de empoderamiento y liderazgo de un grupo de trabajadores de una empresa recuperada de la ciudad de Mar del Plata. Se hipotetiza que el grupo de trabajadores presentará altos niveles en las escalas transformacionales y que este liderazgo de tipo trasformacional estará asociado con un alto nivel de empoderamiento. Para poder contrastar esta hipótesis se administrará el Multifactor Leadership Questionaire de Avolio y Bass (2004) y la adaptación española de la Escala de Empoderamiento Psicológico de Speitzer realizada por Albar (2011). Serán analizados descriptivos básicos y asociaciones entre las variables mediante tablas de contingencia utilizando el programa SPSS (versión 15.0). La muestra de esta investigación será intencional, no probabilística, compuesta por trabajadores de una empresa recuperada del sector de la carne de la ciudad de Mar del Plata que voluntariamente deseen participar de la investigación

Phospholipase D signaling during oxidative stress

Compared to other organs, the brain contains a high amount of phospholipids with a structural role in maintaining cellular membrane fluidity and properties; however, their specific function in the pathogenesis of the nervous system is still poorly understood. Oxidative stress is one common factor underlying neurodegenerative disorders and triggering numerous signaling cascades during neurodegeneration processes. Evidence suggests that phospholipid-derived signaling might play an important role in oxidative stress-induced neuronal degeneration and death. In this review, we will summarize the link between phospholipase D, a phosphatidic acid-synthesizing enzyme, with neuronal damage induced by oxidative stress. We will focus on the specific role of phospholipase D isoforms in signaling mechanisms, paying particular attention to the characterization of downstream ironinduced synaptic signaling.Fil: Mateos, Melina Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Giusto, Norma Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Gabriela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; Argentin

Distinctive roles of PLD signaling elicited by oxidative stress in synaptic endings from adult and aged rats

The role of iron in oxidative injury in the nervous system has been extensively described. However, little is known about the role of lipid signal transduction in neurodegeneration processes triggered by iron overload. The purpose of this work was to characterize the regulation and the crosstalk between phosphatidylcholine (PC)-derived diacylglycerol (DAG) and cannonical signaling pathways during iron-induced oxidative stress in cerebral cortex synaptic endings (Syn) obtained from adult (4 months old) and aged (28 months old) rats. DAG production was increased in Syn exposed to iron. This rise in DAG formation was due to phospholipase D1 (PLD1) and PLD2 activations. In adult rats, PKD1, ERK1/2 and PKCα/βII activations were PLD1 and PLD2 dependent. In contrast, in senile rats, DAG formation catalyzed by PLDs did not participate in PKD1, ERK1/2 and PKCα/βII regulations, but it was dependent on ERK and PKC activities. Iron-induced oxidative stress promoted an increased localization of PLD1 in membrane rafts, whereas PLD2 was excluded from these domains and appeared to be involved in glutamate transporter function. Our results show a differential regulation and synaptic function of DAG generated by PLDs during iron-induced oxidative stress as a consequence of aging.Fil: Mateos, Melina Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Giusto, Norma Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Gabriela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; Argentin

Selective localization of phosphatidylcholine-derived signaling in detergent-resistant membranes from synaptic endings

Detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs) are a class of specialized microdomains that compartmentalize several signal transduction processes. In this work, DRMs were isolated from cerebral cortex synaptic endings (Syn) on the basis of their relative insolubility in cold Triton X-100 (1%). The lipid composition and marker protein content were analyzed in DRMs obtained from adult and aged animals. Both DRM preparations were enriched in Caveolin, Flotillin-1 and c-Src and also presented signi fi cantly higher sphingomyelin (SM) and cholesterol content than puri fi ed Syn. Total phospholipid-fatty acid composition presented an increase in 16:0 (35%), and a decrease in 20:4n-6 (67%) and 22:6n-3 (68%) content in DRM from adults when compared to entire synaptic endings. A more dramatic decrease was observed in the 20:4n-6 and 22:6n-3 content in DRMs from aged animals (80%) with respect to the results found in adults. The coexistence of phosphatidylcholine-speci fi c-phospholipase C (PC-PLC) and phospholipase D (PLD) in Syn was previously reported. The presence of these signaling pathways was also investigated in DRMs isolated from adult and aged rats. Both PC-PLC and PLD pathways generate the lipid messenger diacylglycerol (DAG) by catalyzing PC hydrolysis. PC-PLC and PLD1 localization were increased in the DRM fraction. The increase in DAG generation (60%) in the presence of ethanol, con fi rmed that PC-PLC was also activated when compartmentalized in DRMs. Conversely, PLD2 was excluded from the DRM fraction. Our results show an age-related differential fatty acid composition and a selective localization of PC-derived signaling in synaptic DRMs obtained from adult and aged rats.Fil: Mateos, Melina Valeria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Gabriela Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; ArgentinaFil: Giusto, Norma Maria. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Bahía Blanca; Argentin

Inflammation and oxidative stress in retinal diseases: the role of intracellular signaling in the retinal pigment epithelium

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is essential for the integrity and function of the retina. RPE cells exert key functions to maintain photoreceptors´ (PRs) viability and functionality, such as light absorption and protection against photo-oxidation, phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segments (POS), transport of nutrients and water, secretion of several growth factors and reisomerization of all-trans-retinal. The RPE is also part of the outer blood-retinal barrier (BRB) and can secrete immunomodulatory molecules. This review summarizes signaling events elicited in RPE cells under stress conditions, such as bacterial endophthalmitis, hyperglycemia and oxidative stress (OS). Inflammation and OS participate in the pathogenesis of several retinal diseases that eventually end in vision loss and blindness, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD),diabetic retinopathy (DR), retinitis pigmentosa and uveitis. Elucidating the molecular events involved in the inflammatory process in the RPE could thus lead to the discovery of new therapeutic targets for the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases. RPE response to inflammatory situations can mediate retinal damage or survival depending on the inflammatory context and stress duration. Independently of the nature of the stress inductor, intracellular events involved in RPE cell damage could be postulated as therapeutic targets for the treatment of ocular inflammatory diseases, among them: extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) as well as the nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB) activation and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression.Fil: Mateos, Melina Valeria. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (i); ArgentinaFil: Tenconi, Paula Estefania. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (i); ArgentinaFil: Giusto, Norma Maria. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (i); ArgentinaFil: Salvador, Gabriela Alejandra. Universidad Nacional del Sur; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico CONICET Bahía Blanca. Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas Bahía Blanca (i); Argentin