Sol-Jel yöntemiyle borlanmış inconel alaşımının yüzey karakterizasyonu

Bu çalışmada, Inconel alaşımı sol-jel mettodu kullanılarak borlanmıştır. Borlama sonrası numuneler elektrik rezistanslı fırında 900○C'de 1 saat bekeltilerek sinterlemiştir. Numuneler kesitten kesilerek gerekli metolografik işlemlerden geçilirek numunelerin borür tabaka kalınlıkları Nikon MA100 marka optik mikroskop yardımıyla ölçülmüştür. Borlanmış numunelede oluşan fazların analizi Shimadzu XRD-6000 model X-ışınları cihazı yardımıyla tespit edilmiştir. Borlama işlemi sonucunda Inconel 625 alaşımında NiB, Ni2B, Ni3B, Ni4B3, MoB, CrB ve Cr2B fazları elde edilmiştir. Borlama sıcaklık ve süresine bağlı olarak 4.1-9.7 μm arasında borür tabakaları elde edilmiştir. Üç farklı bor bileşiğinde farklı mikro sertlik değerleri elde edilmiştir. Tinkal’de 1673 HV0.1, Sassolit’de 1997 HV0.1, B4C’de 2375 HV0.1, İşlemsiz Inconel 625 alaşımınında ise 541 HV0.1 sertlik değerleri elde edilmiştir.In this study, surface characterization of boronized inconel alloy was investigated by sol gel method. The samples were sintered at 900ºC for 1 hour in a furnace with electrical resistance. The boride samples were cut from the section and the boride layer thicknesses obtained after the required sanding and polishing processes were measured with the help of Nikon MA100 optic microscope. Borate phases were obtained by using Shimadzu XRD 6000 brand XRD device and micro hardness tests were carried out with Shimadzu HMV-2 brand tester. As a result of XRD analysis of boron Inconel samples, NiB, Ni2B, Ni3B, Ni4B3, MoB, CrB and Cr2B phases were obtained. Depending on boron temperature and time, boron layers were obtained on Inconel samples with thicknesses ranging from 4.1-9.7 μm. The micro hardness values of the boronized Inconel samples were 541 HV0.1 in the untreated sample while the hardness values of tinkal 1673 HV0.1, Sassolit 1997 HV0.1 and boron carbide 2375 HV0.1 were obtained

Examination of self-efficacy conditions according to some of the conditions attending private sports centers

Bu araştırmada özel spor merkezlerine devam eden bireylerin bazı değişkenlere göre öz yeterlik düzeylerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırmanın örneklemini 2020 yılı Ankara ilinde faaliyet gösteren spor merkezlerine devam eden 18 – 50 yaş arası, gönüllülük esasına dayanarak belirlenmiş 139 kadın ve 167 erkek toplam 306 birey oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada kişisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde; katılımcıların demografik özellikleri betimleyici istatistikler olarak gösterilmiştir. Katılımcıların demografik özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla betimleyici istatistikler (yüzde, frekans, ortalama ve standart sapma) kullanılmıştır. Verilerin normallik dağılımı Skewness ve Kurtosis değerleri ile test edilmiştir. Normal dağılan değişkenlerin analizinde parametrik test tekniklerinden yararlanılmıştır. Değişkenler arası farklılıkların belirlenmesinde iki grup için bağımsız örneklemler t-testi, ikiden fazla gruplar için tek yönlü varyans analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Varyans analizi sonucunda farkın kaynağının tespiti için tukey çoklu karşılaştırma testi kullanılmıştır. Güven aralığı %95 olarak belirlenmiş ve p<0.05'in altındaki değerler anlamlı kabul edilmiştir. Araştırma verilerinin analizinde IBM SPSS Statistics kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, özel spor merkezlerine devam eden bireylerin yaş, öğrenim durumu, iş alanları, gelir durumları, fiziki görünümden memnuniyet durumları ve alkol kullanım durumları değişkenlerinde genel öz yeterlik puanlarında istatistiki açıdan anlamlı farklılıklar görülürken; cinsiyet, medeni durum ve sigara kullanma durumu değişkenlerine göre ise genel öz yeterlik puanlarında anlamlı farklılıklar tespit edilmemiştir.This study aims to examine the self-efficacy status of individuals attending private sports centers according to some variables (age, gender, educational status, income status, etc.). The sample of the study consisted of 312 voluntaries between the ages of 18 and 50 who practiced activities and wanted to do sports throughout the province of Ankara in the year 2020-2021. Personal screening model was used in this research. In the analysis of data; demographic characteristics of the participants are shown as descriptive statistics. Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, mean and standard deviation) were used to determine the demographic characteristics of the participants. The variance of the analysis was tested by Skewness and Kurtosis values. In the study of the normal distributed variables, parametric test techniques were used. In the analysis of data; independent samples t-test was used to determine the significant difference between the two groups. One-way analysis of variance was used to elucidate the difference between more than two groups. Tukey, multiple comparison test, was used to determine the source of the difference as a result of the analysis of variance. The confidence interval was determined as 95% and values below p<0.05 were considered significant. IBM SPSS Statistics was used in the analysis of the research data. Results of this research show that while people's ages, occupations, income statuses, educational background and their satisfaction from their physical appearances effects their calculated scores significantly; their gender, marital status, or usage of alcohol and cigarettes does not impact on these scores

Manipulation and Confinement of Single Particles Using Fluid Flow

High precision control of micro- and nanoscale objects in aqueous media is an essential technology for nanoscience and engineering. Existing methods for particle trapping primarily depend on optical, magnetic, electrokinetic, and acoustic fields. In this work, we report a new hydrodynamic flow based approach that allows for fine-scale manipulation and positioning of single micro- and nanoscale particles using automated fluid flow. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate trapping and two-dimensional (2D) manipulation of 500 nm and 2.2 μm diameter particles with a positioning precision as small as 180 nm during confinement. By adjusting a single flow parameter, we further show that the shape of the effective trap potential can be efficiently controlled. Finally, we demonstrate two distinct features of the flow-based trapping method, including isolation of a single particle from a crowded particle solution and active control over the surrounding medium of a trapped object. The 2D flow-based trapping method described here further expands the micro/nanomanipulation toolbox for small particles and holds strong promise for applications in biology, chemistry, and materials research

Manipulation and Confinement of Single Particles Using Fluid Flow

High precision control of micro- and nanoscale objects in aqueous media is an essential technology for nanoscience and engineering. Existing methods for particle trapping primarily depend on optical, magnetic, electrokinetic, and acoustic fields. In this work, we report a new hydrodynamic flow based approach that allows for fine-scale manipulation and positioning of single micro- and nanoscale particles using automated fluid flow. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate trapping and two-dimensional (2D) manipulation of 500 nm and 2.2 μm diameter particles with a positioning precision as small as 180 nm during confinement. By adjusting a single flow parameter, we further show that the shape of the effective trap potential can be efficiently controlled. Finally, we demonstrate two distinct features of the flow-based trapping method, including isolation of a single particle from a crowded particle solution and active control over the surrounding medium of a trapped object. The 2D flow-based trapping method described here further expands the micro/nanomanipulation toolbox for small particles and holds strong promise for applications in biology, chemistry, and materials research

Optimizing Sensitivity in a Fluid-Structure Interaction-Based Microfluidic Viscometer: A Multiphysics Simulation Study

Fluid-structure interactions (FSI) are used in a variety of sensors based on micro- and nanotechnology to detect and measure changes in pressure, flow, and viscosity of fluids. These sensors typically consist of a flexible structure that deforms in response to the fluid flow and generates an electrical, optical, or mechanical signal that can be measured. FSI-based sensors have recently been utilized in applications such as biomedical devices, environmental monitoring, and aerospace engineering, where the accurate measurement of fluid properties is critical to ensure performance and safety. In this work, multiphysics models are employed to identify and study parameters that affect the performance of an FSI-based microfluidic viscometer that measures the viscosity of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids using the deflection of flexible micropillars. Specifically, we studied the impact of geometric parameters such as pillar diameter and height, aspect ratio of the pillars, pillar spacing, and the distance between the pillars and the channel walls. Our study provides design guidelines to adjust the sensitivity of the viscometer toward specific applications. Overall, this highly sensitive microfluidic sensor can be integrated into complex systems and provide real-time monitoring of fluid viscosity

Hydrodynamic trap for single particles and cells

Trapping and manipulation of microscale and nanoscale particles is demonstrated using the sole action of hydrodynamic forces. We developed an automated particle trap based on a stagnation point flow generated in a microfluidic device. The hydrodynamic trap enables confinement and manipulation of single particles in low viscosity (1–10 cP) aqueous solution. Using this method, we trapped microscale and nanoscale particles (100 nm–15 μm) for long time scales (minutes to hours). We demonstrate particle confinement to within 1 μm of the trap center, corresponding to a trap stiffness of ∼10−5–10−4 pN∕nm