Presupuesto y gestión pública, empresa pública de producción y desarrollo estratégico de la universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, 2019

El presente trabajo de titulación aplicado en la Empresa Pública de Producción y Desarrollo Estratégico de la Universidad Técnica Estatal de Quevedo, 2019; tuvo como finalidad determinar el comportamiento correlacional de las variables presupuesto y la gestión pública en dicha entidad tomando como dimensiones para la primera: eficiencia, eficacia, efectividad, mientras que para la variable 2: estratégica, económica, operativa, para ello fue pertinente establecer conceptualizaciones de axiomas relevantes en el proceso, se trazó desde un paradigma positivista como una investigación básica bajo una metodología cuantitativa de tipo descriptivo correlacional, no experimental. Se compuso de una población de 13 personas tomando una muestra directa de 10 de acuerdo a los términos de conveniencia; para los cuales fueron aplicadas dos encuestas como técnicas integradas por 10 reactivos cada una siendo su instrumento dos cuestionarios; relacionados uno directamente al termino presupuestario y otro dirigido a la gestión pública. Se evaluó mediante del Alfa de Cronbach, con un resultado del 0,61 para el instrumento de medición creado para la variable Gestión Pública, de la igual manera se realizó en base a la variable Presupuesto, lo que nos indicó un índice de 0,56, se concluyó que existe relación entre ambas variables lo que llevó a aceptar la hipótesis general planteada HG: El presupuesto se relaciona con la eficiencia de la gestión pública de modo positivo y alto; por lo que se rechazó la hipótesis general nul

Potencial turístico, planificación participativa, diversificación del turismo de sol y playa de Bahías de Huatulco, Oaxaca

The article shows the participatory planning process with the intention of generating elements to structure and support the diversification of sun and beach tourism in Bahías de Huatulco located on the Oaxacan coast of southern Mexico. This research is based on a diagnosis in the municipalities surrounding the destination of Huatulco Bays to assess their natural and cultural attractions, followed by a participatory exercise with tourism service providers, municipal tourism management committees, municipal authorities and the Secretary of Tourism of the state of Oaxaca, whose purpose was to define the tourism product, the tourism vision of the area studied and propose a strategic plan. In order to identify the potential demand of tourists, surveys were applied to national and foreign tourists in the destination Bahías de Huatulco.El artículo muestra el proceso de planificación participativa con la intención de generar elementos para estructurar y apoyar la diversificación del turismo de sol y playa de Bahías de Huatulco, situado en la costa oaxaqueña al sur de México. Esta investigación parte de un diagnóstico en los municipios aledaños del destino Bahías de Huatulco para la valoración de sus atractivos naturales y culturales, seguidamente se realizó un ejercicio participativo con los prestadores de servicios turísticos, con los comités de gestión turística de los municipios, con las autoridades municipales y la Secretaría de Turismo del estado de Oaxaca, cuyo propósito fue definir el producto turístico, la visión turística de la zona estudiada y proponer un plan estratégico. Para identificar la demanda potencial de turistas se aplicaron encuestas a turistas nacionales y extranjeros en el destino Bahías de Huatulco

Emprendimiento social Damor centro Guadalajara, Jalisco

ITESO, A.C

Seasonal Net Ecosystem Metabolism of the Near-Shore Reef System in La Parguera, Puerto Rico

Changes in ocean chemistry as a direct response to rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) concentrations is causing a reduction of pH in the surface ocean. While the dynamics and trends in carbonate chemistry are reasonably constrained for open ocean waters, the ways in which ocean acidification (OA) manifests within the shallow near-shore waters, where coral reefs reside, is less understood. Constraining near-reef variability in carbonate chemistry and net ecosystem metabolic processes across diel, seasonal, and annual scales is important in evaluating potential biogeochemical thresholds of OA that could result in ecological community changes. The OA Test-Bed at La Parguera Marine Reserve in Puerto Rico provides long-term carbonate chemistry observations at high-temporal resolution within a Caribbean near-shore coral reef ecosystem. A 1-D model was developed using the carbon mass balance approach to yield information about net ecosystem production and calcification processes occurring in the water column adjacent to the reef. We present results of nine years of sustained monitoring at the Enrique mid-shelf forereef, which provides for the characterization of temporal dynamics in carbonate chemistry and net ecosystem metabolic processes encompassing near-shore and upstream locations. Results indicate that net heterotrophy and net dissolution dominate over most of the year, while net autotrophic conditions coupled with calcification dominated from only January to mid-April. The average carbonate dissolution rate observed during summer is estimated at −2.19 g CaCO 3  m −2  day −1 and net community dissolution persists 76 % of the seasonal year despite the water column remaining super-saturated with respect to aragonite. This corresponds to −0.62 kg CaCO 3  m −2  year −1 , classifying the Enrique fore-reef and off-reef areas in a net dissolutional state. The combination of thermodynamically-driven depressed aragonite saturation state and high rates of respiration during the summer cause conditions that jeopardize the most soluble carbonate minerals and the free energy in the system for calcification. These data suggest that the reef area and associated ecosystems upstream of the sampling location are experiencing a net loss of CaCO 3 , possibly compromising coral ecosystem health and reef accretion processes necessary for maintenance as sea level increases. Resiliency from other climate-scale stressors including rising sea surface temperatures and coral bleaching is likely to be compromised in a system exhibiting net carbonate loss. Status: This preprint has been withdrawn by the authors

Characterization of Dry-Season Phenology in Tropical Forests by Reconstructing Cloud-Free Landsat Time Series

Fine-resolution satellite imagery is needed for characterizing dry-season phenology in tropical forests since many tropical forests are very spatially heterogeneous due to their diverse species and environmental background. However, fine-resolution satellite imagery, such as Landsat, has a 16-day revisit cycle that makes it hard to obtain a high-quality vegetation index time series due to persistent clouds in tropical regions. To solve this challenge, this study explored the feasibility of employing a series of advanced technologies for reconstructing a high-quality Landsat time series from 2005 to 2009 for detecting dry-season phenology in tropical forests; Puerto Rico was selected as a testbed. We combined bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) correction, cloud and shadow screening, and contaminated pixel interpolation to process the raw Landsat time series and developed a thresholding method to extract 15 phenology metrics. The cloud-masked and gap-filled reconstructed images were tested with simulated clouds. In addition, the derived phenology metrics for grassland and forest in the tropical dry forest zone of Puerto Rico were evaluated with ground observations from PhenoCam data and field plots. Results show that clouds and cloud shadows are more accurately detected than the Landsat cloud quality assessment (QA) band, and that data gaps resulting from those clouds and shadows can be accurately reconstructed (R2 = 0.89). In the tropical dry forest zone, the detected phenology dates (such as greenup, browndown, and dry-season length) generally agree with the PhenoCam observations (R2 = 0.69), and Landsat-based phenology is better than MODIS-based phenology for modeling aboveground biomass and leaf area index collected in field plots (plot size is roughly equivalent to a 3 × 3 Landsat pixels). This study suggests that the Landsat time series can be used to characterize the dry-season phenology of tropical forests after careful processing, which will help to improve our understanding of vegetation–climate interactions at fine scales in tropical forests