Création et manipulations des archives

En dépit de l’intérêt croissant des historiens pour la mémoire et ses divers supports, la majorité des historiens continuent de privilégier ce qui a été consigné par écrit au moment des faits, au détriment des témoignages oraux recueillis des années après les événements. La mémoire, qu’elle soit individuelle ou collective, est perçue comme défaillante et sélective, partielle et partiale, plus difficilement maniable. La mémoire se révèle comme une organisation de l’oubli. L’historiographie res..

110: Non-invasive coronary flow reserve predicts response to exercise in asymptomatic severe aortic stenosis

In patients (pts) with asymptomatic aortic stenosis (AS), exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) provides additional prognostic information beyond baseline. The coronary flow reserve (CFR) is impaired in AS but its link with exertion is missing in this setting. We hypothesize that CFR could predict exercise capacity and an abnormal exercise test in AS.Methodsnon-invasive CFR and symptom limited semi-supine exercise stress echocardiography (ESE) were performed the same morning in 20 consecutive pts with asymptomatic isolated severe AS (mean age 69±12 years, 30% women, mean aortic valve area 0.8±0.1cm2;, mean LVEF 70±6%). CFR was performed in the distal part of the left anterior descending artery using intravenous adenosine infusion (140μg/kg/min over 2min). An abnormal ESE was defined as onset of symptoms at less than 80% of maximum predicted workload, ECG ST-segment depression ≥2mm during exercise, rise of systolic blood pressure < 20mmHg or fall in blood pressure, complex ventricular arrhythmia.Resultswhen compared to pts with normal ESE, pts with an abnormal ESE (n=9) were older, had higher left atrial volume index (all, ≤0.05), and lower CFR (2.1±0.3 vs. 2.9±0.7, ≤0.01), whereas resting hemodynamic variables assessing AS severity were not significantly different between subgroups. Furthermore, CFR was significantly correlated to age, the change of transvalvular pressure gradient and LVEF with exercise, workload (in watts), and exercise duration (all, p<0.05). After adjusting for age, and sex, CFR remained significantly correlated to exercise duration and workload (all, p<0.05). Using a ROC curve analysis, a CFR < 2.17 was the best cut-off to predict an abnormal ESE with a sensitivity of 67%, a specificity of 90% (AUC=0.8, p<0.01).ConclusionIn pts with asymptomatic severe AS, non-invasive CFR is correlated to exercise duration and workload, and a low CFR predicts an abnormal ESE with a good accuracy

Creation and Manipulation of Archives

Despite historians’ growing interest in memory and its different means of preservation, most historians continue to privilege what was written down at the time of an event, and assign less weight to oral testimonies obtained years afterwards. Memory, whether individual or collective, is perceived as being defective and selective, partial and partisan, more difficult to handle. Memory emerges as a structuring of the forgotten. For this reason historiography is primarily dependent on written so..

Activation of plasma membrane H + -ATPases participates in dormancy alleviation in sunflower seeds

International audienceUsing various inhibitors and scavengers we took advantage of the size of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds to investigate in vivo the effects of hormones, namely abscisic acid (ABA) and ethylene (ET), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) on the polarization of dormant (D) and non-dormant (ND) embryonic seed cells using microelectrodes. Our data show that D and ND seed cells present different polarization likely due to the regulation of plasma membrane (PM) H+-ATPase activity. The data obtained after addition of hormones or ROS scavengers further suggest that ABA dependent inhibition of PM H+-ATPases could participate in dormancy maintenance and that ET-and ROS-dependent PM H+-ATPase stimulation could participate in dormancy release in sunflower seeds

Arabidopsis thaliana cells: a model to evaluate the virulence of Pectobacterium carotovorum.

Pectobacterium carotovorum are economically important plant pathogens that cause plant soft rot. These enterobacteria display high diversity world-wide. Their pathogenesis depends on production and secretion of virulence factors such as plant cell wall-degrading enzymes, type III effectors, a necrosis-inducing protein, and a secreted virulence factor from Xanthomonas spp., which are tightly regulated by quorum sensing. Pectobacterium carotovorum also present pathogen-associated molecular patterns that could participate in their pathogenicity. In this study, by using suspension cells of Arabidopsis thaliana, we correlate plant cell death and pectate lyase activities during coinfection with different P. carotovorum strains. When comparing soft rot symptoms induced on potato slices with pectate lyase activities and plant cell death observed during coculture with Arabidopsis thaliana cells, the order of strain virulence was found to be the same. Therefore, Arabidopsis thaliana cells could be an alternative tool to evaluate rapidly and efficiently the virulence of different P. carotovorum strains

Calcium and the control of C4 photosynthesis

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia prosthetic valve endocarditis: a case report

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Introduction</p> <p><it>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia </it>is an environmental bacterium increasingly involved in nosocomial infections and resistant to most antibiotics. It is important to recognize and efficiently treat infections with this bacterium as soon as possible.</p> <p>Case presentation</p> <p>We present a case of <it>Stenotrophomonas maltophilia </it>prosthetic valve endocarditis secondary to an indwelling catheter infection. The patient was cured without surgery. We review other cases of <it>S. maltophilia </it>endocarditis from the literature and describe the peculiarities of this case.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p><it>S. maltophilia </it>endocarditis is a rare disease that is often hospital-acquired and related to an indwelling catheter infection. The high lethality is likely related to the intrinsic resistance of nosocomial bloodstream infections to commonly prescribed antibiotics.</p