Dimethylethanolamine Decreases Epileptiform Activity in Acute Human Hippocampal Slices in vitro

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common form of focal epilepsy with about 30% of patients developing pharmacoresistance. These patients continue to suffer from seizures despite polytherapy with antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and have an increased risk for premature death, thus requiring further efforts for the development of new antiepileptic therapies. The molecule dimethylethanolamine (DMEA) has been tested as a potential treatment in various neurological diseases, albeit the functional mechanism of action was never fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of DMEA on neuronal activity in single-cell recordings of primary neuronal cultures. DMEA decreased the frequency of spontaneous synaptic events in a concentration-dependent manner with no apparent effect on resting membrane potential (RMP) or action potential (AP) threshold. We further tested whether DMEA can exert antiepileptic effects in human brain tissue ex vivo. We analyzed the effect of DMEA on epileptiform activity in the CA1 region of the resected hippocampus of TLE patients in vitro by recording extracellular field potentials in the pyramidal cell layer. Epileptiform burst activity in resected hippocampal tissue from TLE patients remained stable over several hours and was pharmacologically suppressed by lacosamide, demonstrating the applicability of our platform to test antiepileptic efficacy. Similar to lacosamide, DMEA also suppressed epileptiform activity in the majority of samples, albeit with variable interindividual effects. In conclusion, DMEA might present a new approach for treatment in pharmacoresistant TLE and further studies will be required to identify its exact mechanism of action and the involved molecular targets

ENFERMAGEM EM EMERGÊNCIA: HUMANIZAÇÃO DO ATENDIMENTO INICIAL AO POLITRAUMATIZADO À LUZ DA TEORIA DE IMOGENE KING

Trata-se de um estudo reflexivo que teve como objetivo tecer considerações acerca da humanização doatendimento inicial prestado a vítimas politraumatizadas na sala de emergência, abordando o seu âmbito relacional. Asargumentações dessa prática são alicerçadas na Teoria do Alcance de Metas de Imogene King, cuja estrutura baseia-se nomodelo conceitual dos sistemas abertos interatuantes. A relação entre o atendimento de enfermagem prestado de formahumanizada no aspecto relacional e o contexto do trauma é sustentada pelos conceitos propostos no sistema pessoal deKing, sendo importante instrumento na reorganização do processo de trabalho por meio da sistematização da assistênciade enfermagem em um serviço de emergência.It is a reflective study that considers the humanization of the initial attendance provided to politraumatizedvictims in the emergency room, approaching its relational scope. The arguments of this practice are based on ImogeneKing’s theory of goal attainment, which structure is based on the conceptual model of the interrelate open systems. Therelationship between the nursing care provided in a humanized way, in the relational aspect, and the context of the traumais sustained by the concepts proposed in King’s personal system, being an important instrument in the reorganization ofthe work process by means of the nursing assistance systematization in an emergency service.Se trata de un estudio reflexivo que tuvo como objetivo tejer consideraciones acerca de la humanización de laatención inicial prestada a las víctimas politraumatizadas en la sala de emergencia, abordando su ámbito de relaciones. Lasargumentaciones de esta práctica son fundamentadas en la Teoría del Alcance de Metas de Imogene King, cuya estructurase basa en el modelo conceptual de los sistemas abiertos interactuantes. La relación entre la atención de enfermeríaprestada de manera humanizada en el aspecto relacional y el contexto del trauma es sostenida por los conceptos propuestosen el sistema personal de King, siendo un importante instrumento en la reorganización del proceso de trabajo por medio dela sistematización de la asistencia de enfermería en un servicio de emergencia

DECISIONES Y ACCIONES DE CUIDADOS EN ENFERMERÍA BASADAS EN MADELEINE LEININGER

The present study aimed to identify decisions and actions in nursing used in Brazilian scientific productionsgrounded in the Madeleine Leininger’s Theory of Universality and Diversity of Cultural Care, which proposes that the nurseshould use the decisions and actions of care for undertaking culturally congruent nursing care. It is an integrative review, witha sample of 12 scientific productions, from the analysis of which emerged two themes: utilization of the modes of care; andreference to the modes of care. The modes of preservation, accommodation and re-standardization of care were identified, thedecisions and actions of accommodation being studied with greater emphasis by the authors. In spite of the small quantity ofscientific productions, it is emphasized that the same allow the identification of decisions and actions of care, in addition todetecting their applicability in the nurse’s practice, as well as their adaptation in the search for satisfactory care for the clients.O objetivo do presente estudo foi identificar decisões e ações de cuidado em enfermagem utilizadas nas produções científicas brasileiras alicerçadas na Teoria da Universalidade e Diversidade do Cuidado Cultural de Madeleine Leininger, a qual propõe que o enfermeiro empregue as decisões e ações de cuidado para a realização do cuidado de enfermagem culturalmente congr uente Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa, com amostra de 12 produções científicas e de cuja análise emergiram duas temáticas: utilização dos modos de cuidado; ereferência aos modos de cuidado. Identificaram-se os modos preservação, acomodação e repadronização dos cuidados, sendo as decisões e ações de acomodação as trabalhadas com maior ênfase pelos autores. Apesar do reduzido quantitativo de produções científicas, ressalta-se que as mesmas permitiram identificar decisões e ações de cuidado, além de vislumbrar sua aplicabilidade na prática do enfermeiro, bem como sua adequação na busca de um cuidado satisfatório aos clientes.El objetivo del presente estudio fue identificar decisiones y acciones de cuidado en enfermería utilizadasen las producciones científicas brasileñas basadas en la Teoría de la Universalidad y Diversidad del Cuidado Cultural deMadeleine Leininger, la cual propone que el enfermero tome las decisiones y acciones de cuidado para la realización delcuidado de enfermería culturalmente congruente. Es una revisión integrativa, con muestra de 12 producciones científicasy de cuyo análisis resultaron dos temáticas: utilización de los modos de cuidado; y referencia a los modos de cuidado.Fueron identificados los modos preservación, acomodación y reorganización de los cuidados, siendo las decisiones yacciones de acomodación las trabajadas con mayor énfasis por los autores. A pesar de la reducida cantidad de produccionescientíficas, se destaca que estas permitieron identificar decisiones y acciones de cuidado, además de vislumbrar suaplicabilidad en la práctica del enfermero, así como su adecuación en la búsqueda de un cuidado satisfactorio a los clientes

The effect of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and organic labeling on Swiss consumers’ acceptance of pork salami

Pork salami with a high content of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) may be unappealing for consumers as it is more prone to the development of off-flavors and a “greasy” texture. In Switzerland, a share of more than 15.5% PUFA in back fat is penalized with a payment deduction of minimally CHF 0.10 per kilogram carcass weight. In this study, we aimed to assess the effect of different PUFA levels and organic labeling on Swiss consumers’ acceptance of pork salami. We conducted a sensory consumer experiment, following a two-factorial treatment structure, crossing the factor “PUFA level” (15.4% PUFA in back fat vs. 18.3% PUFA in back fat) and the factor “information on production system” (blind vs. non-organic vs. organic). Consumer acceptance was captured using a 9-point hedonic scale for overall liking and an open-ended willingness to pay question. Furthermore, participants had the opportunity to comment on their sensory experience for each product in an open text question. An increased PUFA content in back fat of 18.3% vs. 15.4% did not lead to a significant difference in consumer acceptance of pork salami in either of the three information conditions, even though, as identified in the analysis of open comments, the high-PUFA salami tended to be more often perceived as “softer” and/or “more greasy”. In contrast, consumer acceptance of both the high- and low-PUFA salami was significantly higher under the “organic” than under either the “non-organic” or blind tasting conditions. Based on this study, a PUFA content in back fat of up to 18% is not expected to have a negative impact on consumer acceptance of pork salami. Therefore, and based on previous findings, we recommend to adapt the Swiss pork fat quality grading system to account for this higher acceptable PUFA limit of 18%. Future research should further explore trade-offs between sensory quality, sustainability, and healthiness while taking consumers’ heterogeneity into account

CMS: Search for lepton flavour violating decays of heavy resonances and quantum black holes to an eμ pair in proton–proton collisions at √s = 8 TeV

A search for narrow resonances decaying to an electron and a muon is presented. The eμ mass spectrum is also investigated for non-resonant contributions from the production of quantum black holes (QBHs). The analysis is performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1 collected in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. With no evidence for physics beyond the standard model in the invariant mass spectrum of selected eμ pairs, upper limits are set at 95% confidence level on the product of cross section and branching fraction for signals arising in theories with charged lepton flavour violation. In the search for narrow resonances, the resonant production of a τ sneutrino in R-parity violating supersymmetry is considered. The τ sneutrino is excluded for masses below 1.28 TeV for couplings λ132 = λ231 = λ\u27311 = 0.01, and below 2.30 TeV for λ132 = λ231 = 0.07 and λ\u27311 = 0.11. These are the most stringent limits to date from direct searches at high-energy colliders. In addition, the resonance searches are interpreted in terms of a model with heavy partners of the Z boson and the photon. In a framework of TeV-scale quantum gravity based on a renormalization of Newton’s constant, the search for non-resonant contributions to the eμmass spectrum excludes QBH production below a threshold mass Mth of 1.99 TeV. In models that invoke extra dimensions, the bounds range from 2.36 TeV for one extra dimension to 3.63 TeV for six extra dimensions. This is the first search for QBHs decaying into the eμ final state

Search for the pair production of third-generation squarks with two-body decays to a bottom or charm quark and a neutralino in proton–proton collisions at √s=13 TeV

Results are presented from a search for the pair production of third-generation squarks in proton–proton collision events with two-body decays to bottom or charm quarks and a neutralino, which produces a significant imbalance in the transverse momentum. The search is performed using a sample of proton–proton collision data at √s=13 TeV recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1. No statistically significant excess of events is observed beyond the expected contribution from standard model processes. Exclusion limits are set in the context of simplified models of bottom or top squark pair production. Models with bottom squark masses up to 1220 GeV are excluded at 95% confidence level for light neutralinos, and models with top squark masses of 510 GeV are excluded assuming that the mass splitting between the top squark and the neutralino is small

Measurements of tt cross sections in association with b jets and inclusive jets and their ratio using dilepton final states in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV

The cross sections for the production of ttbb and ttjj events and their ratio σttbb/σttjj are measured using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.3fb−1 collected in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. Events with two leptons (e or μ) and at least four reconstructed jets, including at least two identified as b quark jets, in the final state are selected. In the full phase space, the measured ratio is 0.022 ± 0.003(stat) ± 0.006(syst), the cross section σttbb is 4.0 ± 0.6(stat) ±1.3(syst) pb and σttjj is 184 ± 6(stat) ± 33(syst) pb. The measurements are compared with the standard model expectations obtained from a powheg simulation at next-to-leading-order interfaced with pythia

Search for resonant and nonresonant Higgs boson pair production in the bb\u3ci\u3elvlv\u3c/i\u3e final state in proton-proton collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Searches for resonant and nonresonant pair-produced Higgs bosons (HH) decaying respectively into lvlv, through either W or Z bosons, and bb are presented. The analyses are based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at √s = 13TeV, collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1. Data and predictions from the standard model are in agreement within uncertainties. For the standard model HH hypothesis, the data exclude at 95% confidence level a product of the production cross section and branching fraction larger than 72 fb, corresponding to 79 times the standard model prediction. Constraints are placed on different scenarios considering anomalous couplings, which could affect the rate and kinematics of HH production. Upper limits at 95% confidence level are set on the production cross section of narrow width spin-0 and spin-2 particles decaying to Higgs boson pairs, the latter produced with minimal gravity-like coupling

CMS: Search for heavy resonances decaying to a top quark and a bottom quark in the lepton+jets final state in proton–proton collisions at 13TeV

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances decaying to a top quark and a bottom quark using data collected by the CMS experiment at √s=13TeV in 2016. The data set analyzed corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9fb−1. Final states that include a single lepton (e, μ), multiple jets, and missing transverse momentum are analyzed. No evidence is found for the production of a W\u27 boson, and the production of right-handed W\u27 bosons is excluded at 95% confidence level for masses up to 3.6TeV depending on the scenario considered. Exclusion limits for W\u27 bosons are also presented as a function of their coupling strength to left-and right-handed fermions. These limits on a W\u27 boson decaying via a top and a bottom quark are the most stringent published to date