The rare presentations of a large polyp and an esophageal carcinoma in heterotropic gastric mucosa: a case series

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Heterotopic gastric mucosa (HGM) is commonly seen in the upper esophagus during endoscopyand is generally considered a benign disease. A hyperplastic polyp and an adenocarcinoma arising in heterotopic gastric mucosa are quite rare occurences.</p> <p>Case presentations</p> <p>We present two cases: The first is a patient who suffered from dysphagia because of a large hyperplastic polyp that arose from HGM; the polyp was excised endoscopically. Secondly, we report a rare case of adenocarcinoma arising in HGM of the cervical esophagus.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Morphologic changes or malignant transformation can develop in the inlet patch. Therefore, gastroenterologists should be aware of the possibility of HGM just distal to the upper esophageal sphincter.</p

Peroxisome proliferators-activated alpha agonist treatment ameliorates hepatic damage in rats with obstructive jaundice: an experimental study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) activation modulates cholesterol metabolism and suppresses bile acid synthesis. This study aims to evaluate the effect of short-term administration of fenofibrate, a PPARα agonist, on proinflammatory cytokines, apoptosis, and hepatocellular damage in cholestasis.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Forty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups: I = sham operated, II = bile duct ligation (BDL), III = BDL + vehicle (gum Arabic), IV = BDL + fenofibrate (100 mg/kg/day). All rats were sacrificed on 7^thday after obtaining blood samples and liver tissue. Total bilirubin, aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyl transferase, (GGT), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 β), and total bile acid (TBA) in serum, and liver damage scores; portal inflammation, necrosis, bile duct number, in liver tissue were evaluated. Apoptosis in liver was also assessed by immunohistochemical staining.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Fenofibrate administration significantly reduced serum total bilirubin, AST, ALT, ALP, and GGT, TNF-α, IL-1 β levels, and TBA (<it>P </it>< 0.01). Hepatic portal inflammation, hepatic necrosis, number of the bile ducts and apoptosis in rats with BDL were more prominent than the sham-operated animals (<it>P </it>< 0.01). PPARα induction improved all histopathologic parameters (<it>P </it>< 0.01), except for the number of the bile duct, which was markedly increased by fenofibrate therapy (<it>P </it>< 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Short-term administration of fenofibrate to the BDL rats exerts beneficial effects on hepatocellular damage and apoptosis.</p

Volume of intensive care unit patients in the emergency department: Clinical experience in a training and research hospital

There is an increasing tendency for critically ill patients to present to emergency departments (EDs). In this study, it was aimed to assess patients who presented to the ED and admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and to identify waiting times in the ED. This retrospective study was conducted by reviewing data from 4904 patients (aged &gt;18 years) who presented to the ED for whom the decision was made for hospitalization in the ICU between January 1st, 2016, and December 31st, 2017. Waiting time in the ED, demographic data, and length of ICU stay were reviewed for 3572 patients who were admitted to ICUs from the ED. The total number of patients who presented to the ED between January 1st, 2016, and December 31st, 2017 was 200,603. Among these patients, the ICU admission rate was 2.4%. Of 4904 patients who presented to the ED and the decision was made for ICU admission, 1332 patients were transferred to other facilities. When these patients were excluded, the ICU admission rate was found as 1.8% in our facility. When time to ICU admission from the ED was assessed, it was found that the shortest time recorded for admission from the ED to the burns unit was 48 minutes. The second shortest waiting time (148 min) was seen in patients admitted to the coronary intensive care unit. The mean waiting time of ICU patients in the ED was 282 min. The increase in the patients who have been decided to hospitalization in the ICU in the ED remains an important problem that should be managed in the ED crowd. Long waiting times for ICU patients in the ED make the already existing crowd more complicated. [Med-Science 2020; 9(1.000): 49-53

Evaluation of pain and patient satisfaction by music therapy in patients with endoscopy/colonoscopy.

Endoscopy and colonoscopy are frequently performed procedures to evaluate the gastrointestinal system. These procedures are sometimes disturbing and painful for the patient. In gastrointestinal suits, endoscopy and colonoscopy may be performed on awake or sedated patients. Music therapy is a common and non-pharmacological treatment for various medical conditions, pain, and anxiety. The aim of the present study was to add music therapy to sedation administered during endoscopy and colonoscopy. The effect of music treatment on drug consumption, anxiety, and pain was investigated

Influence of H pylori on plasma ghrelin in patients without atrophic gastritis

AIM: To determine the association between H pylori infection and serum ghrelin levels in patients without atrophic gastritis