FORAGE QUALITY TRAITS OF SOME ASTERACEAE FAMILY SPECIES FOUND IN NATURAL FLORA OF SOUTHEASTERN ANATOLIA

This study was carried out in order to reveal the forage quality traits of twelve Asteraceae family species found in Natural Flora of Southeastern Anatolia in terms of animal nutrition. For this reason, forage samples of the species were taken with three replications during flowering periods of the plant species. According to statistical analysis results, there found highly significant (P<0.01) differences among the species in terms of all of the investigated traits. And the following ranges were determined among the species in the investigated traits; crude protein content (CP) 13.37%-26.90%, acid detergent fiber (ADF) content 21.78%-34.17, neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content 28.69%-40.52%, digestible dry matter (DDM) content 62.28%-71.94%, dry matter intake (DMI) 2.97%-4.21%, metabolizable energy (ME) 9.57-11.45 MJ/kg, relative feed value (RFV) 144.2-230.4, phosphor (P) content 0.27%-0.40%, potassium (K) content 1.97%-5.42, calcium (Ca) content 1.21%-1.78%, magnesium (Mg) content 0.32%-0.49%, Ca/P ratio 3.25-5.19 and K/(Ca+Mg) ratio 1.19-2.84. Result of the study revealed that Notobasis syriaca (L.) Cass. and Onopardum acontium L. species by far the highest CP content, and except for Gundelia tournoforti L. var. armata all of the examined species had the best forage quality, Prime Forage Class, by considering their RFV values. Moreover, it was determined that the macro mineral contents of the species were above the recommended values for livestock feeding. Additionally, it was determined that most of the examined species had below critical grass tetany value (2.2), away from risk of the grass tetany disorder. Finally, due to Ca/P ratio of the species well above recommended level, the danger of Milk Fewer or Hypocalcaemia disease should be taken into account when using forages of the Asteraceae family species in animal feed

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT CUTTING TIMES ON THE MACRO MINERAL CONTENT OF ALFALFA (MEDICAGO SATIVA L.) GENOTYPES

This study was conducted to determine the effect of different cutting times on the important macro mineral contents of twenty-four alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) genotypes. For this reason, a field trial was established according to separated plots in randomized blocks design with three replications in the Research Area of Agriculture Faculty of Dicle University, Diyarbakır, Turkey in 2020. The alfalfa genotypes were subjected to three different forage cutting times. The 1st, 2nd and 3rd cuttings were made respectively in the pre-flowering, 10% flowering and full flowering periods of alfalfa genotypes. In terms of all examined macro minerals in the study, there found to be statistically highly significant (P<0.01) differences between cutting times, genotypes and genotypes × cutting times interaction. In the research, the macro mineral contents of the genotypes changed between the cutting times as follows; calcium (Ca) 1.41%-1.81%, phosphorus (P) 0.37%-0.50%, magnesium (Mg) 0.31%-0.42% and potassium (K) 1.94%-3.42%. The results of the research revealed that Ca and Mg contents in forages of alfalfa genotypes increased with advancing plant maturity stage, whereas K and P contents decreased. In conclusion, according to the average of the cutting times, Resis (22) cultivar came to fore in terms of Ca content, while many genotypes, sharing the same statistical group, were found superior in terms of P, Mg and K contents

Some Quality Traits of Different Wild Plants

This research was carried out to determine quality properties of some pasture plant species. In this research, 10 different pasture plant species were used as materials which were collected from Diyarbakir pasture areas of Turkey. At the end of research, quality properties of pasture plants were ranged from lowest to highest for average dry matter 11.5-30.9%, average crude protein 12.6-26.6%, crude ash 5.5-21.2%, acid detergent fiber 22.0-43.0%, neutral detergent fiber 20.5-56.1%, digestible dry matter 55.4-71.8%, dry matter intake 2.1-5.9% and relative feed value 90.2-327.0. Among the pasture plants studied, higher crude protein level than averages of species following plants may have importance, respectively: Centaurea iberica, Sinapsis arvensis, Convolvulus arvensis, Rumex conglomeratus, Crambe orientalis, Amaranthus retroflexus, Polygonum aviculare, Anchusa strigosa and Malva neglecta. For relative feed value has been remarked: Sinapsis arvensis, Rumex conglomeratus, Amaranthus retroflexus, Crambe orientalis, Centaurea iberica and Hypecoum imberbe

The Effect of Different Temperatures and Durations on the Dormancy Breaking of Black Locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and Honey Locust (Gleditsia triacanthos L.) Seeds

In order to break seed dormancy, different temperatures (20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80 and 90o C) and durations (10, 20 and 30 minutes) were applied to black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.) and honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos L.) seeds, in the Seed Laboratory of Dicle University - Faculty of Agriculture in 2009. According to the research results, the highest germination rate for black locust seeds was obtained in the case of 90o C for 30 minutes pre-treatment (94.5%), whilst the lowest value was obtained for the 40o C for 10 minutes pre-treatment (7.5.0%). For honey locust the highest value was obtained at 50o C for 30 minutes (25.5%) and the lowest value was obtained in the case of control sample (6.8%)

GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS AND STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR DRY-MATTER YIELD AND SEED YIELD IN HUNGARIAN VETCH (Vicia pannonica CRANTZ.)

WOS: 000330091000016This study was conducted to determine genotype environment interactions and the stability status of twelve Hungarian vetch (Vicia pannonica Crantz.) genotypes in terms of dry-matter yield and seed yield under the ecological conditions of the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. The experiments were performed in five locations in the region during the 2008-2009 and 2009-2010 growing seasons. The experiments were performed according to a complete randomized block design with three replications. Genotype environment interactions were found to be highly significant (P < 0.01) for dry-matter yield and seed yield, indicating that the Hungarian vetch genotypes' dry-matter yield and seed yield were significantly affected by the year and condition of the location. The stability of the genotypes was estimated using the mean yield of genotypes (x(i)), regression coefficient (bi), regression deviation mean square (S(2)d(i)), determination coefficient (R-2), and regression line intercept (a). Stability analysis indicated that although the most stable genotype was the Ege Beyazi-79 cultivar in terms of dry-matter yield, the Oguz-2002 cultivar was the most stable in terms of seed yield.Directorate of GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center (GAP IARTC), DiyarbakirMinistry of Forestry & Water Affairs - Turkey; Cukurova University Academic Research and Project UnitsCukurova UniversityThis research was supported by the Directorate of GAP International Agricultural Research and Training Center (GAP IARTC), Diyarbakir, and Cukurova University Academic Research and Project Units. The authors wish to thank all of them for their support

Evaluating Agronomic Performance and Investigating Molecular Structure of Drought and Heat Tolerant Wild Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Collection from the Southeastern Turkey

Sakiroglu, Muhammet/0000-0002-7024-4348WOS: 000391977700006PubMed: 27567621Drought is a major stress factor for agricultural production including alfalfa production. One way to counterbalance the yield losses is the introgression of drought tolerant germplasm into breeding programs. As an effort to exploit such germplasm, 16 individual plants were selected from the Southeastern Turkey from their natural habitat and clonally propagated in field trials with an ultimate goal to use the germplasm as parents for releasing a synthetic cultivar. Forage yield and forage quality traits were evaluated and molecular genetic diversity among genotypes were determined using inter simple sequence repeat markers. Genotypes showed a variation from growth habit to yield and quality traits indicating sufficient phenotypic variation for diverse breeding efforts (for grazing or harvesting) and long term selection schemes. A large amount of genetic variation was observed even with a limited number of marker and genotypes. However, no pattern of spatial genetic structure was observed for the scale of the study when genetic variation is linked to the geographic origin. We conclude that ex situ natural variation provides a wealth of germplasm that could be incorporated into breeding programs aiming to improve drought tolerance. We also suggest an extensive collection of seeds/plant tissue from unique plants with desirable traits rather than putting more efforts to create a spatial germplasm sampling efforts in narrow regions