AdS Black Hole with Cylindrical Symmetry

In this paper, we consider Einstein-Hilbert gravity in the presence of cosmological constant with cylindrical symmetry to introduce the black hole solution of this model. Here, we solve the Einstein's vacuum field equation, and then we calculate the appropriate metric for this problem.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, to appear in INJ

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT PATTERN ON MARGINAL AREAS (CASE STUDY: ZABOL CITY)

Abstract. Environmental assessment of urban development on marginal areas in Iran as an inevitable approach to assessing the degree of compatibility of this policy with sustainable urban development components seems to be necessary due to its wide impact on the ecology of cities in Iran. In this framework, the main objective of this article was to assess the environmental impacts of urban development on marginal areas in Zabol city. The research method in this research in termsof research goal, is Applied, and in terms of the research framework, it is analytical and descriptive. SPSS and Expert Choice software were used to analyze the data. The results of single-sample T-test of the environmental indicators in the marginal areas of Zabol city, as well as the environmental impact on the marginal areas, showed that in all indicators, the average obtained is above the average of 3. In fact, the results show the environmental impact of the urban development pattern in the marginal areas of Zabol city is high. In the following, Spearman correlation test has been used to determinethe relationship between these two variables (Environmental impacts of developmental pattern and marginal areas). The results showed that there is a significant relationship between the environmental impacts of urban development and marginal areas, with a significant level of 0/00. Finally Expert Choice software is used to evaluate and rank the most important environmental impacts of urban development pattern on marginal areas from experts' point of view. The results showed, among the desired indicators, air pollution with a weight of 0.374, soil pollution with a weight of 0.220, waterpollution with a weight of 0.177, vegetation changes with a weight of 0.125 and noise pollution with a weight of 0.105 ,respectively, have the highest and lowest weights.Key words: Environmental Impacts, Urban Development, Marginal Areas, Zabol

Risk-Based Optimal Operation of Coordinated Natural Gas and Reconfigurable Electrical Networks with Integrated Energy Hubs

Abstract This paper elaborates on optimal scheduling of coordinated power and natural gas (NG) networks in the presence of interconnected energy hubs considering reconfiguration as a flexibility source. With regard to the energy hub system consisting of several generation units, storage and conversion technologies, as well as natural gas‐fired units, the high interdependency between gas and electricity carriers should be captured. The hourly reconfiguration capability is developed for the first time in a multi‐energy system to enhance the optimal power dispatch and gas consumption pattern. The realistic interdependency of electrical and NG grids is investigated by employing the steady‐state Weymouth equation and AC‐power flow model for power and gas networks, respectively. Furthermore, to handle the risk associated with strong uncertainty of wind power, load, and real‐time power price, the conditional value at risk approach is employed. The proposed model is implemented on the integrated test system and simulation results are presented for different cases. The impact of the risk aversion level on operating cost and optimal scheduling of controllable units is examined. Numerical results demonstrate that reconfigurable capability reduces the operational cost up to 7.82%

On the Control of Microgrids Against Cyber-Attacks: A Review of Methods and Applications

Nowadays, the use of renewable generations, energy storage systems (ESSs) and microgrids (MGs) has been developed due to better controllability of distributed energy resources (DERs) as well as their cost-effective and emission-aware operation. The development of MGs as well as the use of hierarchical control has led to data transmission in the communication platform. As a result, the expansion of communication infrastructure has made MGs as cyber-physical systems (CPSs) vulnerable to cyber-attacks (CAs). Accordingly, prevention, detection and isolation of CAs during proper control of MGs is essential. In this paper, a comprehensive review on the control strategies of microgrids against CAs and its defense mechanisms has been done. The general structure of the paper is as follows: firstly, MGs operational conditions, i.e., the secure or insecure mode of the physical and cyber layers are investigated and the appropriate control to return to a safer mode are presented. Then, the common MGs communication system is described which is generally used for multi-agent systems (MASs). Also, classification of CAs in MGs has been reviewed. Afterwards, a comprehensive survey of available researches in the field of prevention, detection and isolation of CA and MG control against CA are summarized. Finally, future trends in this context are clarified