Development of a novel HPTLC fingerprint method for simultaneous estimation of berberine and rutin in medicinal plants and their pharmaceutical preparations followed by its application in antioxidant assay

The present study was designed to develop and validate a high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) system for the simultaneous quantitative determination of berberine and rutin in Tinospora cordifolia extract and their pharmaceutical preparations. Chromatographic development was done using a blend of n-hexane, ethyl acetate, glacial acetic acid and methanol (10:1.1:1.1:2.5, v/v) as the mobile phase. Detection was completed densitometrically at 254 nm. The RF estimation of berberine and rutin was observed to be 0.67 ± 0.02 and 0.47 ± 0.02, respectively. The developed HPTLC method was validated according to ICH guidelines; the method was specific, linear and accurate and can be used to determine berberine and rutin in marketed herbal preparations. The Tinospora cordifolia plant extract was further evaluated for antioxidant activity using HPTLC, and berberine was found to be more active than rutin during DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) scavenging activity. The method was found simple, rapid, accurate, specific and robust for the analysis of berberine and rutin in crude drug using the same method

Comparative evaluation of oxytetracycline versus QMix, MTAD, and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid as smear layer removal agents: An in vitro study

Aim: The aim is to evaluate the smear layer removal efficacy of Oxytetracycline and compare it with different endodontic irrigating solutions (QMix, mixture of tetracycline, citric acid, and detergent [MTAD] and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid [EDTA]) under scanning electron microscope (SEM). Materials and Methods: Fifty single-rooted teeth were decoronated. All the root canals were shaped with K3XF rotary Ni-Ti instruments (#30.,06) and irrigation was done with 2 ml of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution between each file change. The samples were divided randomly into the 5 groups (n = 10) depending on the final irrigant used as follows: 5.25% NaOCl as control (Group 1), 17% EDTA (Group 2), QMix (Group 3), BioPure MTAD (Group 4), and Oxytetracycline (Group 5). The final irrigation was done using 5 ml of the respective irrigating solutions, each for 60 s. Specimens were fractured longitudinally. For each root, the half containing most visible part of apex was selected for the SEM analysis. The presence/absence of smear layer was evaluated at the coronal, middle, and apical third of the root canal using three score criteria. Data were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U-test and Kruskal–Wallis test. Results: QMix showed the least smear layer scores followed by MTAD, EDTA, NaOCl, and Oxytetracycline. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, it can be concluded that the test irrigant Oxytetracycline failed to remove the smear layer throughout the entire length of the root canal

Granulicatella adiacens abscess: Two rare cases and review

Granulicatella adiacens is a nutritionally variant streptococcus species. These bacteria are rarely isolated in the laboratory due to their fastidious growth requirements. These have been mostly reported from bloodstream infections, infective endocarditis, infections of orbit, nasolacrimal duct and breast implants. Here, we are reporting two cases of subcutaneous abscesses caused by G. adiacens. In first case, it was isolated from abscess around elbow joint and second case was a suprapatellar abscess. We have also reviewed the published data concerning diagnosis and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Granulicatella infections and included some Indian cases

Chemical speciation and biological activity of bivalent metal complexes of polydentate amide ligands

275-279Stability constants of N,N'-bis-(3-carboxy-l-oxopropanyl)-1,2-ethylenediamine(L1), N,N'-bis-(3-carboxy-l-oxopropanyl)- 1,2-phenylenediamine(L2), N,N' -bis-(2-carboxy-l-oxophenelenyl)-1,2-phenylenediamine(L3) have been determined in aqueous medium (for L1 & L2) and 75% (v/v) m ethanol-water medium for L3 pH-metrically. The formation constants (logβn) have been calculated using the Bjerrum half integral method and weighted least squares method. Species distribution curves of complexes have been plotted as a function of pH which shows at lower pH values 1: 1 complexes are formed and 1:2 complexes are formed at neutral or higher pH. The biological study indicates that ligands and their complexes are better fungicidal than bactericidal. Copper complexes of all the ligands showed potential antifungal and antibacterial activities. Ligand L3 and its copper(II) complexes are most effective against A. niger. E. coli and S. aureus.</i

Spectral and thermal characterization of new biomimetic polydentate amide ligands

1106-1108Complexes of manganese(II) and nickel(II) with N,N'- bis(3- carboxy-1 -oxopropanyl)- 1, 2-ethylenediamine (C10H16N2O6,L1) N,N'- bis(3-carboxy-1 -oxopropanyl)- 1,  2-phenylediamine (C14H16 N2O6,L2),  N,N'- bis(3-carboxy-1 -oxophenelenyl)- 1 , 2- phenylenediamine (C22H16, N2O6,L3)and N,N'- bis(3-carboxy-1- oxoprop- 2-enyl)-1, 2-phenylenediamine (C14H12N2O6, L4) have been prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, vibrational spectra, magnetic susceptibility measurements, electronic spectra and thermal studies. Vibrational spectra indicates coordination of amide and carboxylate oxygens of the ligands giving a MO4 chromophore. Electronic spectra support square planar geometry around nickel(II) and tetrahedral around manganese(II). NiL1 complex has the maximum activation energy and NiL2 complex has the minimum activation energy

Sebaceous carcinoma of the eyelid diagnosed on fine needle aspiration cytology

Sebaceous carcinoma of the ocular adnexa is a malignant neoplasm which has aggressive local behavior and can metastasize to regional lymph nodes and distant organs. It is a malignant neoplasm known to masquerade as other benign and less malignant lesions, resulting in delay in diagnosis and relatively high morbidity and mortality. Aspiration cytological features of this neoplasm have not been well characterized in the literature. We report a case of this tumor diagnosed on fine needle aspiration. Clinically, a diagnosis of chalazion was made and fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was performed. Cytological diagnosis of a malignant tumor with closest resemblance to sebaceous carcinoma was suggested which was confirmed on histopathology. Eyelid reconstruction was done after histopathological confirmation of tumor-free margins. The article highlights the role of FNAC in early diagnosis and subsequent appropriate surgical management of eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma to prevent recurrence and metastasis

Prosthetic rehabilitation of an amputated finger

Amputation of finger causes devastating physical, psychosocial, and economic damage to an individual. The concealment of an amputated part with the help of prosthesis can shield an amputee from social stigma. Prosthesis for such patient must be comfortable to wear lightweight, durable, cosmetically pleasing easy to put on and remove. The restoration of finger amputations depends on the amount of tissue involved, the involvement of bone, the angles and levels of amputation, and the involvement of other fingers. The microsurgical reimplantation helps to save many severely injured and traumatically amputed finger. The prosthetic rehabilitation of an amputated finger is considered when microvascular reconstruction is not possible, unavailable, unsuccessful, or unaffordable. Most accepted material is silicones because of their better esthetics, ease of manipulation, and availability. This paper presents prosthetic rehabilitation of index finger of the right hand with custom made silicon prosthesis