A New Computational Schema for Euphonic Conjunctions in Sanskrit Processing

Automated language processing is central to the drive to enable facilitated referencing of increasingly available Sanskrit E-texts. The first step towards processing Sanskrit text involves the handling of Sanskrit compound words that are an integral part of Sanskrit texts. This firstly necessitates the processing of euphonic conjunctions or sandhi-s, which are points in words or between words, at which adjacent letters coalesce and transform. The ancient Sanskrit grammarian P??ini’s codification of the Sanskrit grammar is the accepted authority in the subject. His famed s?tra-s or aphorisms, numbering approximately four thousand, tersely, precisely and comprehensively codify the rules of the grammar, including all the rules pertaining to sandhi-s. This work presents a fresh new approach to processing sandhi-s in terms of a computational schema. This new computational model is based on P??ini’s complex codification of the rules of grammar. The model has simple beginnings and is yet powerful, comprehensive and computationally lean

Amplitude Equation and Heat Transport for Rayleigh–Bénard Convection in Newtonian Liquids with Nanoparticles

Rayleigh–Bénard convection in liquids with nanoparticles is modelled as a single phase system with liquid properties like density, viscosity, thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacity and thermal conductivity modified by the presence of the nanoparticles. Expressions for the thermophysical properties are chosen from earlier works. The tri-modal Lorenz model is derived under the assumptions of Boussinesq approximation and small-scale convective motions. Ginzburg–Landau equation is arrived at from the generalized Lorenz model. The amplitudes of convective modes required for estimating the heat transport are determined analytically. A table is prepared documenting the actual values of the thermophysical properties of water, ethylene-glycol, engine-oil and glycerine with different nanoparticles, namely copper, copper oxide, titania, silver and alumina, and Nusselt number is calculated. Enhanced thermal conductivity being the reason for the enhancement of heat transport due to the presence of the nanoparticles is shown. Detailed discussion is made on the percentage increase of heat transport in twenty Newtonian nanoliquids compared to that in Newtonian liquids without nanoparticles

Impact of Tandem Repeats on the Scaling of Nucleotide Sequences

Techniques such as detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and its extensions have been widely used to determine the nature of scaling in nucleotide sequences. In this brief communication we show that tandem repeats which are ubiquitous in nucleotide sequences can prevent reliable estimation of possible long-range correlations. Therefore, it is important to investigate the presence of tandem repeats prior to scaling exponent estimation.Comment: 14 Pages, 3 Figure

A theoretical study of enhanced heat transfer in nanoliquids with volumetric heat source

Rayleigh�Bénard convection in nanoliquids is studied in the presence of volumetric heat source. The present analytical work concerns twenty nanoliquids. Carrier liquids considered are water, ethylene glycol, engine oil and glycerine and with them five different nanoparticles considered are copper, copper oxide, silver, alumina and titania. Expression for the thermophysical properties of the nanoliquids is chosen from phenomenological laws or mixture theory. Heat source is characterized by an internal nanoliquid Rayleigh number (Formula presented.). Heat source adds to the energy of the system and hence an advanced onset is observed in this case compared to the problem with no heat source. In the case of heat sink, however, heat is drawn from the system leading to delay in onset. The individual effect of all the nanoparticles is to advance convection. Enhanced heat transport situation is observed in each of the nanoliquids with engine-oil-silver transporting maximum heat and water-titania the least. Additional Fourier modes are found not to have any profound effect on the results predicted by minimal modes. The connection between the Lorenz model and the Ginzburg�Landau model is clearly shown in the paper. © 2017 Korean Society for Computational and Applied Mathematic

Effects of Suction and Freestream Velocity on a Hydromagnetic Stagnation-Point Flow and Heat Transport in a Newtonian Fluid Toward a Stretching Sheet

Forced flow of an electrically conducting Newtonian fluid due to an exponentially stretching sheet is studied numerically. Free stream velocity is present and so is suction at the sheet. The governing coupled, nonlinear, partial differential equations of flow and heat transfer are converted into coupled, nonlinear, ordinary differential equations by similarity transformation and are solved numerically using shooting method, and curve fitting on the data is done by differential transform method together with Padé approximation. Prescribed exponential order surface temperature (PEST) and prescribed exponential order surface heat flux are considered for investigation of heat transfer related quantities. The influence of Chandrasekhar number, suction/injection parameter, and freestream parameter on heat transport is presented and discussed. Coefficient of friction and heat transport is also evaluated in the study. The results are of interest in extrusions and such other processes

A Study of Socio Economic Status in Relation to Employability of Engineers in India

India is very rich in diversity which even extends to the engineering graduates across states. Technical education, during the last decade, was extended through 1000s of Engineering colleges spread across the length and breadth of the country producing over half a million Engineering graduates annually. The objectives of this study are to find out the relationship between socio-economic status and employability skills among the engineering graduates in India, particularly in Tamil Nadu. As reported in Times of India dated Jan.30, 2016, Tamil Nadu may be known for its massive number of engineering colleges, but the graduates they produce do not top in employability. The students in most of the engineering colleges are from different socio-economic status/background coming from different places. The socioeconomic status of the family plays an important role in personality development of the students. The present study tries to find the extent to which the socio- economic status is a barrier in being employable and it also aims at providing means to overcome the present day menace of unemployability

UPPER AND LOWER BOUNDS FOR THE SKEW HERMITIAN RANDIC ENERGY OF STANDARD GRAPHS

Abstract Let us consider a simple graph . The energy of the graph is defined as the sum of the absolute values of the eigen values of the adjacency matrix [1] & [2]. The energy of , denoted by , is called Skew- Hermitian Randić energy, which is defined as the sum of the absolute values of its eigenvalues of , that is, [9]. The total π electron energy of conjugated hydrocarbon molecules are closely connected with graph invariant[10],[11]. Recently based on the eigen values of graph matrices various energies are computed. For a graph matrix, we can determine the eigen values based on which we can compute the energy of the graph. In this paper, we have determined the Skew-Hermitian Randic Energy of some standard graphs[13],[14],[15]