Research of sensitivity of some measures of quality assessment of hidden information in the audio content

The paper presents a comparison of some measures of difference between the original signal and the result of the introduction of additional information. The comparison was based on the analysis of the implementation of the results-based steganographic method of spectrum spreading. The paper presents the results of the comparison of some measures of difference based on the analysis of speech signals in their division into segments of equal lengt

Дистанционное образование в России в контексте обучения иностранным языкам

Every year the interest of youth in a foreign language as a means of international communication increases. New professions arise that require knowledge of a foreign language. Knowledge of a foreign language is a mandatory requirement for business communication and running anywhere in the world, evidence, and guarantee of competitiveness, professional socialization of the modern young generation. One of the priority tasks of the language training system is the improvement of teaching methods, the search for innovative methods, and advanced technologies for teaching languages. The article describes the current trends in Russian education, which are associated with the spread of distance education. It is proved that distance education is becoming increasingly important in terms of language training. It is shown that modern trends in education are associated, first of all, with the need to overcome the contradictions between the content of training and the requirements for the personality of the future specialist, the traditional organization of the educational process and the patterns of interpersonal and intercultural interaction.Cada año aumenta el interés de los jóvenes en un idioma extranjero como medio de comunicación internacional. Surgen nuevas profesiones que requieren el conocimiento de un idioma extranjero. El conocimiento de un idioma extranjero es un requisito obligatorio para la comunicación empresarial y la ejecución en cualquier parte del mundo, evidencia y garantía de competitividad, socialización profesional de la generación joven moderna. Una de las tareas prioritarias del sistema de capacitación en idiomas es la mejora de los métodos de enseñanza, la búsqueda de métodos innovadores y las tecnologías avanzadas para la enseñanza de idiomas. El artículo describe las tendencias actuales en la educación rusa, que están asociadas con la difusión de la educación a distancia. Está comprobado que la educación a distancia se está volviendo cada vez más importante en términos de capacitación en idiomas. Se muestra que las tendencias modernas en educación están asociadas, en primer lugar, con la necesidad de superar las contradicciones entre el contenido de la capacitación y los requisitos para la personalidad del futuro especialista, la organización tradicional del proceso educativo y los patrones de interpersonal e interacción intercultural. С каждым годом увеличивается интерес молодежи к иностранному языку как средству международного общения. Появляются новые специальности, требующие владения иностранным языком.Знание второго и последующих языков – это обязательное требование для делового общения и ведения бизнеса в любой точке мира, свидетельство и залог конкурентоспособности, профессиональной социализации современного молодого поколения.Одними из приоритетных задач системы языковой подготовки являются совершенствование методов обучения, поиск инновационных методов и передовых технологий обучения языкам.В данной статье описываются современные тенденции российского образования, связанные с распространением дистанционного обучения. Доказывается, что дистанционное обучение приобретает все большее значение в плане языковой подготовки. Показано, что современные тенденции в образовании связаны, в первую очередь, с необходимостью преодоления противоречий между содержанием подготовки и требованиями к личности будущего специалиста, традиционной организацией образовательного процесса и закономерностями межличностного и межкультурного взаимодействия

Electronic band structure and carrier effective mass in calcium aluminates

First-principles electronic band structure investigations of five compounds of the CaO-Al2O3 family, 3CaO.Al2O3, 12CaO.7Al2O3, CaO.Al2O3, CaO.2Al2O3 and CaO.6Al2O3, as well as CaO and alpha-, theta- and kappa-Al2O3 are performed. We find that the conduction band in the complex oxides is formed from the oxygen antibonding p-states and, although the band gap in Al2O3 is almost twice larger than in CaO, the s-states of both cations. Such a hybrid nature of the conduction band leads to isotropic electron effective masses which are nearly the same for all compounds investigated. This insensitivity of the effective mass to variations in the composition and structure suggests that upon a proper degenerate doping, both amorphous and crystalline phases of the materials will possess mobile extra electrons

Electric field gradients in s-, p- and d-metal diborides and the effect of pressure on the band structure and Tc_c in MgB2_2

Results of FLMTO-GGA (full-potential linear muffin-tin orbital -- generalized gradient approximation) calculations of the band structure and boron electric field gradients (EFG) for the new medium-T$_c$ superconductor (MTSC), MgB$_2$, and related diborides MB$_2$, M=Be, Al, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mo and Ta are reported. The boron EFG variations are found to be related to specific features of their band structure and particularly to the M-B hybridization. The strong charge anisotropy at the B site in MgB$_2$ is completely defined by the valence electrons - a property which sets MgB$_2$ apart from other diborides. The boron EFG in MgB$_2$ is weakly dependent of applied pressure: the B p electron anisotropy increases with pressure, but it is partly compensated by the increase of core charge assymetry. The concentration of holes in bonding $\sigma$ bands is found to decrease slightly from 0.067 to 0.062 holes/B under a pressure of 10 GPa. Despite a small decrease of N(E$_F$), the Hopfield parameter increases with pressure and we believe that the main reason for the reduction under pressure of the superconducting transition temperature, T$_c$, is the strong pressure dependence of phonon frequencies, which is sufficient to compensate the electronic effects.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure

Softening and hardening of ECAP nickel under ultrasonic treatment

Commercially pure nickel was processed by equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) through route Bc for 12 passes to obtain an ultrafine grained (UFG) microstructure and further subjected to an ultrasonic treatment (UST) which introduced a maximum amplitude equivalent to anormal stresses of 100 MPa in a steady state regime. It was observed that the microstructure of UFG Ni can be differently altered depending on the position in the sample, i.e. on the amplitude of the ultrasonic wave. The microstructural analysis demonstrated a lower dislocation density (due to the activation of recovery) at the cross section of the specimen subjected to UST at an amplitude equal to 0.8 of the maximum one, plus enhanced hardening in the cross section at the maximum amplitude.Preprin

Geoinformation mapping of modern gully erosion in the steppe region of the Russian Plain

Considering the linear erosion processes in the river basins slopes it can be noticed that the gully erosion is most intensively changing the relief, leading to the complete soil cover destruction, and is making the land not suitable for agricultural use. Due to the gullies' network shape and their large size, the satellite images allow noticing their representation. The study of the modern gully network was carried out in the steppe east of the Russian Plain on an area of more than 38000 km

Structure peculiarities of cementite and their influence on the magnetic characteristics

The iron carbide $Fe_3C$ is studied by the first-principle density functional theory. It is shown that the crystal structure with the carbon disposition in a prismatic environment has the lowest total energy and the highest energy of magnetic anisotropy as compared to the structure with carbon in an octahedron environment. This fact explains the behavior of the coercive force upon annealing of the plastically deformed samples. The appearance of carbon atoms in the octahedron environment can be revealed by Mossbauer experiment.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables. submitted to Phys.Rev.

Multi-component Transparent Conducting Oxides: Progress in Materials Modelling

Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) play an essential role in modern optoelectronic devices through their combination of electrical conductivity and optical transparency. We review recent progress in our understanding of multi-component TCOs formed from solid-solutions of ZnO, In2O3, Ga2O3 and Al2O3, with a particular emphasis on the contributions of materials modelling, primarily based on Density Functional Theory. In particular, we highlight three major results from our work: (i) the fundamental principles governing the crystal structures of multi-component oxide structures including (In2O3)(ZnO)n, named IZO, and (In2O3)m(Ga2O3)l(ZnO)n, named IGZO; (ii) the relationship between elemental composition and optical and electrical behaviour, including valence band alignments; (iii) the high-performance of amorphous oxide semiconductors. From these advances, the challenge of the rational design of novel electroceramic materials is discussed.Comment: Part of a themed issue of Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter on "Semiconducting Oxides". In Press (2011

Baby MIND: A magnetised spectrometer for the WAGASCI experiment

The WAGASCI experiment being built at the J-PARC neutrino beam line will measure the difference in cross sections from neutrinos interacting with a water and scintillator targets, in order to constrain neutrino cross sections, essential for the T2K neutrino oscillation measurements. A prototype Magnetised Iron Neutrino Detector (MIND), called Baby MIND, is being constructed at CERN to act as a magnetic spectrometer behind the main WAGASCI target to be able to measure the charge and momentum of the outgoing muon from neutrino charged current interactions.Comment: Poster presented at NuPhys2016 (London, 12-14 December 2016). Title + 4 pages, LaTeX, 6 figure

Synchronization of the Distributed Readout Frontend Electronics of the Baby MIND Detector

Baby MIND is a new downstream muon range detector for the WGASCI experiment. This article discusses the distributed readout system and its timing requirements. The paper presents the design of the synchronization subsystem and the results of its test