Traducción automática, análisis, contraste y aceptación

Treball Final de Grau en Traducció i Interpretació. Codi: TI0983. Curs: 2014/2015Este proyecto gira en torno a la investigación y aceptación de la traducción automática en diferentes tipologías textuales (expresiva, informativa y operativa). Como parte del estudio, se presenta un análisis mediante el Baremo de corrección de traducciones utilizado en la Universitat Jaume I para estudiar los errores que comete una herramienta de traducción automática, y otro análisis contrastivo mediante el método WER para determinar la calidad de la traducción automática en comparación con la traducción profesional. Asimismo, y a modo investigación social, se diseña y aplica una encuesta a un amplio abanico de receptores para determinar el grado de aceptación de las herramientas de traducción automática actuales y el nivel de confianza que se deposita en ellas. En dicha encuesta, aparecen diferentes preguntas respecto a la traducción automática para concretar la opinión que el público tiene acerca de la profesión de la traducción y las nuevas tecnologías aplicadas a la traducción

Identity and agency of engineering educators in Zimbabwe

Educational transformations require educators with competences to deliver quality education. This raises the issue about capacity building in staff and in particular in the engineering disciplines where pedagogical practices are heavily reliant on didactic approaches such as traditional lectures and tutorials. The global Covid19 pandemic has forced educators to move away from traditional approaches and although the response was quick it is unclear if many of these changes will remain in future, given that they were not done by design but as a reaction to the unexpected situation. This study considers the training of engineering educators in different engineering disciplines and in a number of higher education institutions in Zimbabwe who were part of a HEPSSA-Royal Academy of Engineering UK project. At this conceptual stage the study explores how effective capacity building activities are in enabling educators to transform their practice to an active student-centred approach both in face-to-face and online modes. It further explores how the training experience might empower educator’s sense of agency and change their identity within the boundaries of their institutions and country. The research design is grounded on the theories of agency and, self-efficacy and motivation. It uses an interpretative approach, Qualitative Content Analysis, for the analysis of data collected via interviews with the engineering educators participating in the project. This research design aims to find how engineering educators can be supported through their educational transformation journey and also to inform policy makers at institution and national level in order to enhance sustain development

Investigating the relationship between human and organisational factors, maintenance, and accidents. The case of chemical process industry in South Africa

Accidents continue to be a major concern in the production, storage, and use of hazardous substances, and accidents have occurred either during maintenance or lack thereof. However, there is limited academic coverage of the initiatives implemented to prevent such accidents in South Africa. In recognition of this gap, the study explored participants' perceptions on the relationship between human and organisational factors, maintenance, and accidents using a quantitative approach on data analysis. A questionnaire was distributed online and used to collect data from employees of a chemical and process industry company in South Africa, with 247 valid responses out of 316 obtained from 450 participants invited to voluntarily participate in the study. The findings of the study revealed several noteworthy correlations. Firstly, there were positive and significant relationships between various factors such as procedure implementation, communication accuracy, communication satisfaction, permit to work system, competency level, and risk management. These factors were found to have an impact on the occurrence and frequency of maintenance-related accidents. Specifically, maintenance activities were shown to reduce the likelihood of accidents, while effective risk management practices resulted in a similar outcome. Additionally, communication satisfaction was found to be associated with improved risk management during maintenance operations. The implementation of a permit to work system was also found to reduce the risk during maintenance and contribute to accident reduction. Furthermore, a higher competency level was found to be associated with effective risk management during maintenance and a decrease in accidents. Lastly, communication accuracy was found to be linked to more effective risk management during maintenance, leading to a decrease in accidents. Based on these findings, it is recommended that companies in the chemical and process industry continue to prioritize human and organization factors as well as maintenance practices to ensure safe and reliable operational performance. By focusing on these aspects, companies can minimize the occurrence of accidents and promote a safe working environment.</p

Assessment of the Effect of Satureja montana and Origanum virens Essential Oils on Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxin Production at Different Water Activities

© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Aflatoxin contamination of foodstuffs poses a serious risk to food security, and it is essential to search for new control methods to prevent these toxins entering the food chain. Several essential oils are able to reduce the growth and mycotoxin biosynthesis of toxigenic species, although their efficiency is strongly influenced by the environmental conditions. In this work, the effectiveness of Satureja montana and Origanum virens essential oils to control Aspergillus flavus growth was evaluated under three water activity levels (0.94, 0.96 and 0.98 aw) using a Bioscreen C, a rapid in vitro spectrophotometric technique. The aflatoxin concentrations at all conditions tested were determined by HPLC-FLD. Aspergillus flavus growth was delayed by both essential oil treatments. However, only S. montana essential oil was able to significantly affect aflatoxin production, although the inhibition percentages widely differed among water activities. The most significant reduction was observed at 0.96 aw, which is coincident with the conditions in which A. flavus reached the highest levels of aflatoxin production. On the contrary, the treatment with S. montana essential oil was not effective in significantly reducing aflatoxin production at 0.94 aw. Therefore, it is important to study the interaction of the new control compounds with environmental factors before their application in food matrices, and in vitro ecophysiological studies are a good option since they provide accurate and rapid results.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio

Enhancing Quality Teaching Through Informal Community Learning In Knowledge Centres

Teaching and learning have always been at the heart of the missions of universities. The growing interest nowadays to pay attention to the quality of higher education teaching results in initiatives such as the establishment of Teaching and Learning Centres (TLCs). The Academy for Learning and Teaching (ALT) at Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) has recently been created, and it is still under construction, with the purpose of promoting quality of teaching through engaging staff in interaction and in learning lessons from evidence-based educational practices and innovation in engineering education. Furthermore, ALT supports the professional development of faculty teaching staff through Learning Communities (LCs) as informal learning mechanisms that stimulate knowledge sharing about engineering education experiences across departments (and universities). LCs facilitate interaction with peers, discussions on educational practices, working in teams, and exposing academic and education support staff to have access to state-of-the-art research and information on educational issues. LCs are organized by themes, such as Digitalization, that cover topics relevant to innovative practices, e.g., Learning Analytics, Artificial Intelligence in education or Digital Assessment. The purpose of this study is to present the ALT model as a knowledge centre in engineering education that stimulates the advancement of quality teaching. Specifically, we analyze successful factors to constitute Learning Communities, as well as, the motivation of the teaching staff to participate in the LC associated to the TU/e ALT. ALT may serve as an inspiring model for other engineering and technical higher education institutions and universities wishing to promote professional development of teachers.</p

Enhancing Quality Teaching Through Informal Community Learning In Knowledge Centres

Teaching and learning have always been at the heart of the missions of universities. The growing interest nowadays to pay attention to the quality of higher education teaching results in initiatives such as the establishment of Teaching and Learning Centres (TLCs). The Academy for Learning and Teaching (ALT) at Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) has recently been created, and it is still under construction, with the purpose of promoting quality of teaching through engaging staff in interaction and in learning lessons from evidence-based educational practices and innovation in engineering education. Furthermore, ALT supports the professional development of faculty teaching staff through Learning Communities (LCs) as informal learning mechanisms that stimulate knowledge sharing about engineering education experiences across departments (and universities). LCs facilitate interaction with peers, discussions on educational practices, working in teams, and exposing academic and education support staff to have access to stateof-the-art research and information on educational issues. LCs are organized by themes, such as Digitalization, that cover topics relevant to innovative practices, e.g., Learning Analytics, Artificial Intelligence in education or Digital Assessment. The purpose of this study is to present the ALT model as a knowledge centre in engineering education that stimulates the advancement of quality teaching. Specifically, we analyze successful factors to constitute Learning Communities, as well as, the motivation of the teaching staff to participate in the LC associated to the TU/e ALT. ALT may serve as an inspiring model for other engineering and technical higher education institutions and universities wishing to promote professional development of teachers

Retos de la Medición de la Esperanza de Vida en Salud

Treball final de Màster Universitari en Intervenció i Mediació Familiar. Codi: SBD016. Curs acadèmic: 2017-2018Los aumentos experimentados en las últimas décadas en la esperanza de vida, así como los descensos de los ratios de natalidad, han ocasionado la aparición del denominado “envejecimiento poblacional”. Este proceso implica diversos retos a nivel político y s ocial. Una de las cuestiones fundamentales es si los aumentos en esperanza de vida van acompañados de mejoras en el estado de salud general de la po blación o , por el contrario, traen consigo un incremento de la morbilidad. Para evaluar estas posibilidades , así como para examinar el estado de salud de la población y su evolución, se han desarrollado diferentes métodos de medida e indicadores de esperanza de vida en salud. La presente revisión se ha centrado en analizar la situación actual de la medición d e la esperanza de vida en salud, y de los diferentes métodos e indicadores existentes para su medición. Se han encontrado diversas complejidades a la hora de medir este índice, así como en su comparación internacional. La evolución de la medición de la esper anza de vida en salud se orientará probablemente hacia la estandarización de los diferentes métodos de medida