Trabajo de investigación previo a la obtención del Título de Psicóloga General de la Universidad Tecnológica Indoamérica. Modalidad Proyecto de Investigación.

El presente trabajo de investigación tiene como objetivo general determinar la relación que existe entre las variables insatisfacción corporal y habilidades sociales en los adolescentes de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal “Manuela Cañizares”, para ello, se tomó como muestra a 310 estudiantes y se aplicó el Test de Imágen Corporal BSQ, con la intención de evaluar los niveles de no insatisfacción corporal, insatisfacción corporal leve, insatisfacción corporal moderada y extrema insatisfacción corporal, cuyos resultados identificados indican que la mayoría de la población presenta un nivel de entre No insatisfacción corporal e insatisfacción corporal leve, así mismo, se hizo uso de la Escala de Habilidades Sociales para identificar el nivel de las mismas. Se obtuvo como resultado que la mayoría de los adolescentes presentan los tres niveles de habilidades entre alto, medio y bajo equitativamente. A través del programa SPSS, fue posible determinar la correlación existente entre estas dos variables, concluyendo así, que existe una correlación negativa entre ambas variables. Finalmente, con base a esta investigación, se ha desarrollado una propuesta denominada “Taller de técnicas para desarrollar la satisfacción corporal en los jóvenes y técnicas de resolución de problemas sociales para el desarrollo de habilidades social en los estudiantes de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal “Manuela Cañizares”

Skeletal class III malocclusion and bilateral sagittal osteotomy: a concise systematic review

Introduction: In the context of skeletal class III malocclusion, orthognathic surgery is a standardized procedure used to improve the patient's facial appearance and to correct maxillary and mandibular deformities resulting from malocclusions, disease, or trauma. Thus, bilateral sagittal osteotomy of the mandibular ramus is a technique widely used in OS for the correction of mandibular deformities. Objective: the present study evaluated, through a concise systematic review, the main considerations of mandibular advancements through mandibular bilateral sagittal osteotomies in patients with skeletal class III malocclusion. Methods: Clinical studies with qualitative and/or quantitative analysis were included, following the rules of the systematic review-PRISMA. Results: A total of 115 articles were found involving “skeletal class III malocclusion". A total of 45 articles were evaluated in full, and 22 were included and discussed in this study. Bilateral sagittal osteotomy (BSO) is the most used technique in mandibular OS, allowing mandibular movements in the sagittal, vertical, and transverse directions. Several studies show good results and few complications. The size of this space is proportional to the mandibular advancement and/or rotation movements required by the patient's maxillomandibular discrepancy. The prevention of inferior mandibular edge defects is an important issue when planning an BSO traditional non-grafted BSO technique produces a large proportion of defects in the lower edge of the mandible. In cases where the advancement is greater than 10 mm and/or the patient is over 30 years old, the risk of the mandibular defect increases significantly. Also, using a bone graft in the intersegmental gap of a sagittal branch osteotomy is considered an effective clinical method to ensure the desirable intersegmental position as it helps to easily maintain the space. Conclusion: The results showed that bilateral sagittal osteotomy is the most used technique in mandibular orthognathic surgery, allowing mandibular movements in the sagittal, vertical, and transverse directions, with good results and few complications. Furthermore, a bone graft can accelerate bone formation in orthognathic surgery

Study of the chemical interaction between a high-viscosity glass ionomer cement and dentin

Objective: To investigate the chemical interactions between a high-viscosity glass ionomer cement (GIC) (KetacTM Molar Easymix, 3M ESPE, Seefeld, Bavaria, Germany) and human dentin. It was also analyzed the dynamics of GIC setting mechanism based on the time intervals required for the GIC and the GIC mixed with dentin to achieve stability. Material and Methods: Each constituent of GIC – powder (P) and liquid (L) – and powdered dentin (D), as well as the associations P+L, D+L, and P+L+D in the concentrations of 29%, 50%, 65%, 78%, 82%, and 92% of GIC were analyzed with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. Results: New optical absorption bands and/or Raman bands, which were not present in P, L, or D, were observed in the associations. The concentrations of 29% and 50% of GIC showed higher interaction, revealing that the amount of dentin influences the formation of new optical absorption or scattering bands. FTIR bands showed that the setting time to achieve bond stability was longer for the high-viscosity GIC (38±7 min) than for the sample with 29% of GIC (28±4 min). Conclusions: The analysis revealed the formation of new compounds or molecular rearrangements resulting from the chemical interactions between GIC and dentin. Moreover, this study provides an effective method to evaluate the dynamics of the setting mechanism of GICs

Advancing towards the elimination of trachoma as a cause of blindness in two cities in Sao Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil

The World Health Organization recommends conducting prevalence surveys to validate the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem by the year 2030. The recommendation specifies that the surveys should be directed to previous endemic poor rural areas. Brazil is an endemic country for trachoma and has experienced a large internal migration from the rural areas to the outskirts of the major cities. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of trachoma in children aged 1 to 9 years old in two of the poorest municipalities on the outskirts of Sao Paulo to test the hypothesis of whether internal migration brought trachoma with it. A household survey was conducted between 2013 and 2014. The field teams went door-to-door to collect data on households with children of the selected age group and their members. The trachoma prevalence in this group was 1.5% (79/5,393). In the 10 to 19 years old group, the trachoma prevalence was significantly higher among girls 3.2% (47/1,448) than among boys 1.5% (20/1,361). This result adds evidence to the elimination of trachoma as a public health problem and will be included in the supporting material to validate its elimination in Brazil

Association between tooth agenesis and cancer: a systematic review

The congenital absence of multiple teeth may share the same genetic background of the development of some types of cancer. Objective: This systematic review aimed to investigate the possible association between dental agenesis and cancer, and the perspective of agenesis as an early predictor for cancer risk. Methodology: The electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, LILACS, and OpenGrey were searched and the risk of bias was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa tool. The GRADE tool was used to evaluate the certainty of the evidence. Results: Six studies met the eligibility criteria. A positive co-occurrence between ovarian cancer and hypodontia was found in two articles. Three studies evaluated the association between dental agenesis and colorectal cancer and only one showed common genes for these conditions. One paper found individuals with hypodontia had a higher risk of family history of cancer. Five studies had a fair quality and one a good quality. The certainty of evidence was classified as very low. Conclusion: Notwithstanding the limited scientific evidence, there may be a possible association between dental agenesis and cancer due to genes involved in both conditions. Agenesis of multiple teeth could be an early indicator of cancer risk. Nevertheless, studies with a better level of evidence are needed to confirm this possible association

Práticas pedagógicas na Educação de Jovens e Adultos: Concepções e práticas de professores no ensino de Ciências

The present work aimed to analyze how the pedagogical practices of Sciences teachers in Youth and Adults Education (YAE) are developed. The study had a qualitative approach and employed semi-structured recorded interviews for data survey, which was later evaluated through the Discursive Textual Analysis. It was verified that YAE Sciences teachers’ planning is based on regular education textbooks and focuses on conceptual contents. Teachers use different teaching strategies, such as movies pictures, museum visits, practical experiments and group works, but the expositive classes are the most prevalent...Keywords: Pedagogical practice, education for youth and adults, Sciences teaching.O estudo foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de investigar a prática pedagógica de professores de Ciências na Educação de Jovens e Adultos (EJA). De abordagem qualitativa, utilizou-se para a obtenção de dados, entrevistas gravadas semiestruturadas que, posteriormente, foram analisadas através da Análise Textual Discursiva. Constatou-se que o planejamento dos professores é por meio do livro didático do ensino regular e centra-se em conteúdos conceituais. Os professores utilizam várias estratégias de ensino, como filmes, visitas a museus, experimentos e trabalhos em grupo, mas predominam as aulas expositivas...Palavras-Chave: Prática Pedagógica, Educação de Jovens e Adultos, Ensino de Ciências

Influencia de la colorimetría e iluminación del visual merchandising en los clientes de Kuna del Jockey Plaza en la actualidad

El presente proyecto de investigación titulado responde a una problemática que se presenta a través de una serie de debilidades que repercuten en el comercio de la tienda. El Visual Merchandising es un tipo de arte en el que se muestra una mercancía de tal forma que sea atractiva para el consumidor, aparte de ello consiste en conceptualizar un producto de manera estética agregando elementos para atraer al consumidor a la tienda gracias a la iluminación, colores, e incluso formas sensoriales que cautivan al consumidor