Perfil das comunidades quilombolas paraibanas: índice de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e ecológica para o desenvolvimento sustentável local - ISE.

O estudo possibilitou definir as dimensões: social, econômica e ecológica das comunidades quilombolas paraibanas. A situação de vulnerabilidade de cada Grupo (cluster means) foi codificada e geoespacializada em um Sistema Geográfico de Informação (SGI) por setor censitário do Estado da Paraíba, após a construção de um índice classificatório correspondente as 38 comunidades quilombolas pesquisadas in loco. Os perfis das Comunidades apresentados para o conjunto do Índice de vulnerabilidade socioeconômica e ecológica (ISE) foram altamente significativos, identificando a necessidade de políticas públicas mais efetivas, por localidades, simplificando significativamente, o investimento dos Programas socioambientais já previstos pelos governos: federal, estadual e municipais em benefício da região

Sociospatial reading of favela: A comparative analysis from organic Portuguese cities

This research decodifies the favelas spatial system through its configuration in com- parison to historical organic structures aiming at searching similar self-organized processes. It is intended to observe in which way the configuration of such areas, read through their spatial patterns, affects their sociospatial dynamics and how it gets closer to common strategies for organizing the urban space: in which way favela reproduces historically consolidated spatial patterns inherent to organic cities? The Theory of The Social Logic of Space (Hillier & Han- son, 1984) is the theoretical, methodological and technical approach for this study, allowing to investigate such phenomena by means of its spatial complexity. The sample consists of 120 set- tlements around the world, explored according to a set of 26 configurational variables (among qualitative and quantitative, both geometric and topological), compared to a group of 45 Por- tuguese medieval towns (representative of organic cities). Findings show that the favelas recog- nized spatial patterns are mostly common to those associated with organic structures. Despite being much denser and apparently labyrinthine shapes, the internal dynamics of the favelas reveal positive global relationships. These settlements behave similarly to consolidated urban systems and share common spatial logics throughout world regions and distinct cultures, fea- ture which allows recognizing the self-organization strategy as essential to their structural and survival process.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Emprego de marcadores moleculares na caracterização genética de espécies nativas da Mata Atlântica.

Organizado por Patricia Póvoa de Mattos, Celso Garcia Auer, Rejane Stumpf Sberze, Katia Regina Pichelli e Paulo César Botosso

Ricina: um impasse para utilização da torta de mamona e suas aplicações.

bitstream/CNPA/20859/1/DOC174.pd

Sequential piezoresponse force microscopy and the 'small-data' problem

The term big-data in the context of materials science not only stands for the volume, but also for the heterogeneous nature of the characterization data-sets. This is a common problem in combinatorial searches in materials science, as well as chemistry. However, these data-sets may well be 'small' in terms of limited step-size of the measurement variables. Due to this limitation, application of higher-order statistics is not effective, and the choice of a suitable unsupervised learning method is restricted to those utilizing lower-order statistics. As an interesting case study, we present here variable magnetic-field Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) study of composite multiferroics, where due to experimental limitations the magnetic field dependence of piezoresponse is registered with a coarse step-size. An efficient extraction of this dependence, which corresponds to the local magnetoelectric effect, forms the central problem of this work. We evaluate the performance of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) as a simple unsupervised learning technique, by pre-labeling possible patterns in the data using Density Based Clustering (DBSCAN). Based on this combinational analysis, we highlight how PCA using non-central second-moment can be useful in such cases for extracting information about the local material response and the corresponding spatial distribution

The OSACA Database and a Kinematic Analysis of Stars in the Solar Neighborhood

We transformed radial velocities compiled from more than 1400 published sources, including the Geneva--Copenhagen survey of the solar neighborhood (CORAVEL-CfA), into a uniform system based on the radial velocities of 854 standard stars in our list. This enabled us to calculate the average weighted radial velocities for more than 25~000 HIPPARCOS stars located in the local Galactic spiral arm (Orion arm) with a median error of +-1 km/s. We use these radial velocities together with the stars' coordinates, parallaxes, and proper motions to determine their Galactic coordinates and space velocities. These quantities, along with other parameters of the stars, are available from the continuously updated Orion Spiral Arm CAtalogue (OSACA) and the associated database. We perform a kinematic analysis of the stars by applying an Ogorodnikov-Milne model to the OSACA data. The kinematics of the nearest single and multiple main-sequence stars differ substantially. We used distant (r\approx 0.2 kpc) stars of mixed spectral composition to estimate the angular velocity of the Galactic rotation -25.7+-1.2 km/s/kpc, and the vertex deviation,l=13+-2 degrees, and detect a negative K effect. This negative K effect is most conspicuous in the motion of A0-A5 giants, and is equal to K=-13.1+-2.0 km/s/kpc.Comment: 16 pages, 8 figure

Maximal Sharing in the Lambda Calculus with letrec

Increasing sharing in programs is desirable to compactify the code, and to avoid duplication of reduction work at run-time, thereby speeding up execution. We show how a maximal degree of sharing can be obtained for programs expressed as terms in the lambda calculus with letrec. We introduce a notion of `maximal compactness' for lambda-letrec-terms among all terms with the same infinite unfolding. Instead of defined purely syntactically, this notion is based on a graph semantics. lambda-letrec-terms are interpreted as first-order term graphs so that unfolding equivalence between terms is preserved and reflected through bisimilarity of the term graph interpretations. Compactness of the term graphs can then be compared via functional bisimulation. We describe practical and efficient methods for the following two problems: transforming a lambda-letrec-term into a maximally compact form; and deciding whether two lambda-letrec-terms are unfolding-equivalent. The transformation of a lambda-letrec-term $L$ into maximally compact form $L_0$ proceeds in three steps: (i) translate L into its term graph $G = [[ L ]]$; (ii) compute the maximally shared form of $G$ as its bisimulation collapse $G_0$; (iii) read back a lambda-letrec-term $L_0$ from the term graph $G_0$ with the property $[[ L_0 ]] = G_0$. This guarantees that $L_0$ and $L$ have the same unfolding, and that $L_0$ exhibits maximal sharing. The procedure for deciding whether two given lambda-letrec-terms $L_1$ and $L_2$ are unfolding-equivalent computes their term graph interpretations $[[ L_1 ]]$ and $[[ L_2 ]]$, and checks whether these term graphs are bisimilar. For illustration, we also provide a readily usable implementation.Comment: 18 pages, plus 19 pages appendi

Configuração da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel, a partir da matéria-prima soja, no Rio Grande do Sul/Brasil.

O debate sobre o uso do biodiesel passou efetivamente a integrar ações públicas e privadas, quando o governo federal aprovou a Lei 11.097/2005, referente ao Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel, que prevê a mistura de biodiesel ao diesel, prevendo a obtenção de benefícios econômicos, sociais e ambientais. As metas do programa foram gradativamente sendo implantadas, iniciando-se com uma mistura de B2 e atingindo-se já em 2010, a mistura de B5, que estava prevista para 2013. Com essa obrigatoriedade, houve aumento da demanda e estímulo ao aumento da produção de biodiesel, o que pode contribuir para a reconfiguração da matriz energética do país. O Rio Grande do Sul está liderando a produção de biodiesel em nível nacional. Este artigo visa configurar a cadeia produtiva do biodiesel no Rio Grande do Sul, com base no uso da matéria-prima soja. Utilizou-se a pesquisa qualitativa e exploratória, buscando-se dados primários, obtidos através de entrevistas em profundidade com agentes da cadeia, bem como dados secundários (sites, órgãos oficiais, artigos científicos. A cadeia produtiva do biodiesel no Rio Grande do Sul tem como estrutura central quatro usinas de biodiesel, que produzem o produto a partir do uso da soja, pelo potencial dessa oleaginosa no estado e a disponibilidade de empresas que transformam o grão em óleo vegetal. A distribuição do produto e feita pela Petrobrás que abastece os postos de combustíveis. Os consumidores organizacionais e finais representam o elo final da cadeia. Para a competitividade da cadeia produtiva do biodiesel é preciso investimentos em pesquisa, desenvolvimento e inovação na agricultura, na produção de biodiesel, na logística de distribuição e, melhoria na comunicação com os consumidores

Adaptação de mapeamento sistemático para levantamento do estado da prática na área de pecuária de precisão.

O objetivo é apresentar uma adaptação do protocolo de mapeamento sistemático para permitir o levantamento do estado da prática quanto a sistemas de software na área de pecuária de precisão