Which linguistic resources for the teaching / learning of French as a foreign language?

This study is truly intended to be a contribution inscribed in a scrupulously didactic context, hence the idea of teaching – learning French as a foreign language in an Algerian context. Our attention is mainly vocalized on the attitude of the learner and his previous achievements in terms of FLE in the secondary cycle. However, it is therefore appropriate to specify from any language task, i.e. the written expression considered as the outcome of any learning from a didactic point of view, the exploitation of its achievements according to a theme whose concept of instruction is already present in all the linguistic-didactic elements supposed to allow him to reorganize his thought and give him the very meaning of a methodology as a common thread from which he can easily take action, this will doubly reflect his ability to acquisition and understanding of the linguistic concept initially implemented from the textual approach. In this sense, we question the fact of believing that the appropriation of such a linguistic notion can no longer be confined to its classic formulation: linguistics and didactics of languages, in particular FLE in an Algerian context. Questioning the different parameters likely to make access to knowledge in French as a foreign language a plausible case, this amounts to asking ourselves about the basic knowledge of the learner and the methods that will allow him to carry out a task; either a language production for which it is advisable to define the strategy engaged and the linguistic resources acquired as the main lever of a mediation, hence the idea of the contribution of linguistics to the teaching of French as a foreign language and the methodological orientations which under -tend the comprehension of the relational lexicon as proof of a use that one can judge satisfactory of the entity FLE in the school circles

Practical Applications of Uncertainty and Sensitivity Techniques in Building Energy Simulation

AbstractThis study is intended to address uncertainty issue associated with data used in building energy simulation. Through a deep scientific literature investigation, several applications were indentified, described and discussed, including the role of uncertainty and sensitivity analyses on parameter screening, reliability analysis, robustness design, decision making process, meta-model construction and embedded uncertainty and sensitivity. Furthermore the paper provides the reader with terminologies and notions about several uncertainty and sensitivity techniques.Besides, the paper highlights the importance of involving the non-deterministic aspect of a data in a building energy analysis, by describing the uncertainty affecting data used during simulation, e.g. air flow rate, thermo-physical properties

Introduction

The goal of this volume is precisely to explore the intersections between Cultural Studies and Migration Studies, opening more cracks and proposing new ideas, themes, and approaches that speak to the varied field of migration studies, starting from the approach of cultural studies and post-colonial studies. By doing so, we will contribute to opening up visibilities and trajectories invisible in other discourses and narratives. The contributions collected here assume, in fact, different points of view not only concerning the disciplines involved and the methodologies adopted but also the addressed spatial and temporal contexts that have much to offer

Separation of Damping and Velocity Strain Dependencies using an Ultrasonic Monochromatic Excitation

International audiencePrecise knowledge of the dependence of elastic modulus and Q factor on the amplitude of excitation is a prerequisite for the development and validation of models to explain the hysteresis observed in qua-sistatic experiments for various media, i.e., the different deformations at the same applied stress observed when stress change rate is positive or negative. Separation of different contributions to dynamic nonlin-earity (e.g., those due to nonequilibrium effects, often termed conditioning) and independent estimation of nonlinearities originated by the strain dependence of velocity and the damping factor are required, which is often not possible with standard approaches. Here we propose and validate a method that, measuring the response of a sample to a monochromatic excitation at different amplitudes, allows fast, continuous, and quasi-real-time monitoring of the dependence of the material elastic properties on amplitude: dynamic elastic modulus (related with velocity through density) and Q factor of the mechanical resonances (related with wave-amplitude attenuation parameters)

The transformative value chain: rethinking food system interventions

Food value chains (VC) are an integral part of food systems, and (VC) programs remain central in the work of development agencies. Despite their popularity among donors and their attempts to tackle food and nutrition security, poverty alleviation and environmental sustainability, food value chain interventions are at crossroads. The ongoing food system crisis has ultimately put a square emphasis on food as a nexus issue. The objective of this paper is to review the history and conceptual basics behind food VC development and to suggest changes in the way interventions are designed and implemented in order to face the current critical juncture of food systems. The paper reviews theoretical as well as empirical underpinnings of contemporary food value chain interventions. Three transformative concepts, i.e., system thinking, transformative capacity and strong sustainability, embedded within agroecological principals, are suggested to replace the traditional paradigm of the sustainable food VC development. A new, principle-based perspective on food value chain development, “the transformative value chain perspective,” is proposed to ensure that future VC promotion contribute to the necessary sustainability transformation of our food systems.Peer Reviewe

Exploiting Slow Dynamics Effects for Damage Detection in Concrete

Nonlinear ultrasonic techniques have been developed over the last decades to detect the presence of damage in materials of interest in the field of civil engineering, such as concrete or mortar. The dependence on the strain amplitude of measurable quantities, such as wave velocity, damping factor, resonance frequency, etc. is normally considered a qualitative indicator of the presence of defects at the microstructural level. The experimental approaches proposed have the advantage of being sensitive to small variations in the sample microstructure and are therefore more adapted to detect the presence of small cracks or damaged areas with respect to traditional linear ultrasonic techniques. However, nonlinear methods are difficult to implement, since they usually require a calibrated experimental set-up which also behaves linearly at high amplitudes of excitation. The slow dynamics features, typical of the hysteresis generated by damage, have been given much less attention as a tool for damage detection even though their quantification is often less demanding in terms of an experimental set-up. Here, we provide the first evidence of how recovery, which is part of the slow dynamics process, is sensitive to the presence of damage in concrete samples and thus could be considered as an easy-to-measure nonlinear indicator for Structural Health Monitoring purposes

La Langue à Enseigner & Ou à Apprendre : Stratégies et Objectifs.

At the beginning of this new millennium, teaching/learning, the acquisition of modern & foreign languages are now of interest to a wide public of specialists: teachers, didacticians, sociologists, pedagogues, psychologists and even actors in the political sector since, the sharing of interests and this tendency to open up to the other potentially influence the Algerian learner via a learning framework set up by the school institution. Is it necessary from this point of view to question only the linguistic parameters that underlie themEn ce début de ce nouveau millénaire, l’enseignement /apprentissage, l’acquisition des langues vivantes & ou les langues étrangères intéressent désormais un large public de spécialistes : enseignants, didacticiens, sociologues, pédagogues, psychologues et même les acteurs du secteur politiques puisque, le partage des intérêts et cette tendance de s’ouvrir sur l’autre influencent potentiellement l’apprenant algérien via un cadre d’apprentissage aménagé par l’institution scolaire. Faut-il de ce point de vue interroger uniquement les paramètres linguistiques qui les sous-tenden

Separation of Damping and Velocity Strain Dependencies using an Ultrasonic Monochromatic Excitation

Precise knowledge of the dependence of elastic modulus and Q-factor on amplitude of excitation is a prerequisite for the development and validation of models to explain the hysteresis observed in quasi-static experiments for various media, i.e. the different deformations at the same applied stress observed when stress change rate is positive or negative. Separation of different contributions to dynamic nonlinearity (e.g those due to non equilibrium effects, often termed conditioning) and independent estimation of nonlinearities originated by the strain dependence of velocity and damping factor are required, which is often not possible with standard approaches. Here we propose and validate a method which, measuring the response of a sample to a monochromatic excitation at different amplitudes, allows fast, continuous and quasi real-time monitoring of the dependence of the material elastic properties on amplitude: dynamic elastic modulus (related with velocity through density) and Q-factor of the mechanical resonances (related with wave amplitude attenuation parameter