William Buelow Gould - Convict artist in Van Diemen's Land

When I came first to the Launceston Museum I found very many paintings by a convict named Gould. Very soon visitors were asking me questions about him and I proceeded to read what had been written. It seemed very little. In fact, it amounted to the notes that had been put together by Mr. Henry Allport for an exhibition of Tasmanian art held in Hobart in 1931. These notes were published in the " Mercury " newspaper and then put together in pamphlet form. Every subsequent writer on Gould has used them. When people said, however," when was he born? When did he die? Was he married? Did he leave any family? Did he paint only in oil?", I had to reply, "I do not know." I am still not certain when he was born, but I know when he died. When people asked, "Where did Gould live?", I said, vaguely, "Hobart . Then, one day, looking through some records in the Museum, I found that William Buelow Gould was before R. C. Gunn, Magistrate, here in Launceston, for being drunk. So he wasn't only in Hobart. He was also in Launceston and, I found later, at Macquarie Harbour, at Port Arthur, at Bridgewater, and at Jericho. Then-was he married? Did he have a family? Yes. Did he paint only in oil? No, he used watercolour too, much more effectively than he did oil. So I got together gradually some kind of picture of this early artist. Of Gould's early life very little is still known. Actually his name was Holland, not Gould

The effect of exercise on depressive symptoms in adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: The purpose of this review was to examine the treatment effect of physical exercise on depressive symptoms for adolescents aged 13 to 17 years. Method: A systematic search of 7 electronic databases identified relevant randomized controlled trials. Following removal of duplicates, 543 texts were screened for eligibility. Screening, data extraction, and trial methodological quality assessment (using the Delphi list) were undertaken by 2 independent researchers. Standardized mean differences were used for pooling postintervention depressive symptom scores. Results: Eleven trials met the inclusion criteria, 8 of which provided the necessary data for calculation of standardized effect size. Exercise showed a statistically significant moderate overall effect on depressive symptom reduction (standardized mean difference [SMD] = −0.48, 95% CI = −0.87, −0.10, p = .01, I2 = 67%). Among trials with higher methodological scoring, a nonsignificant moderate effect was recorded (SMD = −0.41, 95% CI = −0.86, 0.05, p = .08). In trials with exclusively clinical samples, exercise showed a statistically significant moderate effect on depressive symptoms with lower levels of heterogeneity (SMD = −0.43, 95% CI = −0.84, −0.02, p = .04, I2 = 44%). Conclusion: Physical exercise appears to improve depressive symptoms in adolescents, especially in clinical samples in which the moderate antidepressant effect, higher methodological quality, and lowered statistical heterogeneity suggest that exercise may be a useful treatment strategy for depression. Larger trials with clinical samples that adequately minimize the risk of bias are required for firmer conclusions on the effectiveness of exercise as an antidepressant treatment

Resonance tunneling of polaritons in 1-D chain with a single defect

We consider propagation of coupled waves (polaritons) formed by a scalar electromagnetic wave and excitations of a finite one dimensional chain of dipoles. It is shown that a microscopic defect (an impurity dipole) embedded in the chain causes resonance tunneling of the electromagnetic wave with the frequency within the forbidden band between two polariton branches. We demonstrate that resonance tunneling occurs due to local polariton states caused by the defect.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures (PS-format), RevTe

Sommerfeld enhancement from Goldstone pseudo-scalar exchange

We point out that the exchange of a Goldstone pseudo-scalar can provide an enhancement in the dark matter annihilation rate capable of explaining the excess flux seen in high energy cosmic ray data. The mechanism of enhancement involves the coupling of s and d waves through the tensor force that is very strong and, in fact, singular at short distances. The results indicate that large enhancements require some amount of fine tuning. We also discuss the enhancement due to other singular attractive potentials, such as WIMP models with a permanent electric dipole.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures, v2 includes contact informatio

Waveguiding properties of surface states in photonic crystals

We propose and analyze novel surface-state-based waveguides in bandgap photonic crystals. We discuss surface mode band structure, field localization and effect of imperfections on the waveguiding properties of the surface modes. We demonstrate that surface-state-based waveguides can be used to achieve directional emission out of the waveguide. We also discuss the application of the surface-state waveguides as efficient light couplers for conventional photonic crystal waveguides.Comment: 4 pages 5 figure

A review of Quantum Gravity at the Large Hadron Collider

The aim of this article is to review the recent developments in the phenomenology of quantum gravity at the Large Hadron Collider. We shall pay special attention to four-dimensional models which are able to lower the reduced Planck mass to the TeV region and compare them to models with a large extra-dimensional volume. We then turn our attention to reviewing the emission of gravitons (massless or massive) at the LHC and to the production of small quantum black holes.Comment: 32 pages, invited revie

Local Polariton States in Polar Crystals with Impurities

We show that an impurity embedded in an ionic crystal can give rise to a novel kind of local states. These states exist within a polariton gap of a material and are a mix of excitations of the crystal, such as phonons or excitons, and the transverse electromagnetic field. The electromagnetic component of the states along with the corresponding excitations of the material are localized in the vicinity of an impurity.Comment: 9 pages, RevTe

Phenomenology of the Littlest Higgs with T-Parity

Little Higgs models offer an interesting approach to weakly coupled electroweak symmetry breaking without fine tuning. The original little Higgs models were plagued by strong constraints from electroweak precision data which required a fine tuning to be reintroduced. An economical solution to this problem is to introduce a discrete symmetry (analogous to R-parity of SUSY) called T-parity. T-parity not only eliminates most constraints from electroweak precision data, but it also leads to a promising dark matter candidate. In this paper we investigate the dark matter candidate in the littlest Higgs model with T-parity. We find bounds on the symmetry breaking scale f as a function of the Higgs mass by calculating the relic density. We begin the study of the LHC phenomenology of the littlest Higgs model with T-parity. We find that the model offers an interesting collider signature that has a generic missing energy signal which could "fake" SUSY at the LHC. We also investigate the properties of the heavy partner of the top quark which is common to all littlest Higgs models, and how its properties are modified with the introduction of T-parity. We include an appendix with a list of Feynman rules specific to the littlest Higgs with T-parity to facilitate further study.Comment: 32 pages, 8 figures; dark matter bounds revised; comphep model files made publicly available at http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/theory/tparity

Refined topological amplitudes in N=1 flux compactification

We study the implication of refined topological string amplitudes in the supersymmetric N=1 flux compactification. They generate higher derivative couplings among the vector multiplets and graviphoton with generically non-holomorphic moduli dependence. For a particular term, we can compute them by assuming the geometric engineering. We claim that the Dijkgraaf-Vafa large N matrix model with the beta-ensemble measure directly computes the higher derivative corrections to the supersymmetric effective action of the supersymmetric N=1$ gauge theory.Comment: 16 pages, v2: reference adde