BanglaBait: Semi-Supervised Adversarial Approach for Clickbait Detection on Bangla Clickbait Dataset

Intentionally luring readers to click on a particular content by exploiting their curiosity defines a title as clickbait. Although several studies focused on detecting clickbait titles in English articles, low resource language like Bangla has not been given adequate attention. To tackle clickbait titles in Bangla, we have constructed the first Bangla clickbait detection dataset containing 15,056 labeled news articles and 65,406 unlabelled news articles extracted from clickbait dense news sites. Each article has been labeled by three expert linguists and includes an article's title, body, and other metadata. By incorporating labeled and unlabelled data, we finetune a pretrained Bangla transformer model in an adversarial fashion using Semi Supervised Generative Adversarial Networks (SS GANs). The proposed model acts as a good baseline for this dataset, outperforming traditional neural network models (LSTM, GRU, CNN) and linguistic feature based models. We expect that this dataset and the detailed analysis and comparison of these clickbait detection models will provide a fundamental basis for future research into detecting clickbait titles in Bengali articles. We have released the corresponding code and dataset.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 5 tables, published in Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing 202

Convolutional neural network training incorporating rotation-based generated patterns and handwritten numeral recognition of major Indian scripts

Handwritten numeral recognition has gained much interest in recent times because of its diverse application potentials. Bangla and Hindi are the two major languages in Indian subcontinent and a large number of population in vast land scape uses Bangla and Devnagari numeral scripts of these two languages. Well-performed handwritten numeral recognition system for Bangla and Devnagari is challenging because of similar shaped numerals in both scripts; few numerals differ from their similar ones with a very few variation even in printed form. In this study, convolutional neural network (CNN) based two different methods have been investigated for better recognition of Bangla and Devnagari handwritten numerals. Both the methods use rotation-based generated patterns along with ordinary patterns to train CNN but in two different modes. In multiple CNN case, three different training sets (one with ordinary patterns and two with clockwise and anti-clockwise rotation-based generated patterns) are prepared; three different CNNs are trained individually with each of these training sets; and their decisions are combined for final system decision. On the other hand, in the case of single CNN, combination of above three training sets is used to train one CNN. A moderated pre-processing is also employed while generating patterns from the scanned images. The proposed methods have been tested on prominent benchmark handwritten numeral datasets and have achieved remarkable recognition accuracies. The achieved recognition accuracies are found better than reported recognition accuracies of prominent existing methods; and such outperformance mounted proposed methods as better recognition systems. Moreover, CNN's performance improvement due to use of generated patterns has also been clearly identified from the presented experimental results

Nutritional Impact on the Productivity of Ready-Made Garment Workers

This study shows the gradual increment in apparel productivity after feeding some nutrients to selected sewing operators who work in a factory named Daarkak, in the urban area of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The specific objective was to identify the consequences of nutritious food in boosting workers’ energy levels to aid in increased productivity. A better result compared to the previous data was found, where the productivity increased substantially after providing selected nutritious food- soya and milk. The overall result was impressive. Since most of the workers belong to the low-middle class or poor families, they do not afford nutritious food in daily life for the lack of knowledge that nutritious food can be availed at cheaper prices. Soya and milk contain adequate proteins and they are available at relatively cheaper costs. These foods enabled them mentally and physically to give higher efficiency during their regular work. This paper explores the possibility of improved productivity after providing workers with nutritious food. When productivity increases, profit also increases.&nbsp

Synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene via thermal treatment of graphene oxide within methylimidazole and its capacitance performance as electric double layer capacitor

Nitrogen-doped graphene was successfully synthesised from graphene oxide (GO) and 2-methylimidazole composite via thermal treatment under argon flow at 700oC within 1h. This synthesised N-doped graphene exhibits homogeneous nitrogen doping with concentration of ~5% in three different nitrogen configuration namelypyridinic N, pyrrolic N and graphitic N. The electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) made up with this N-doped graphene showed excellent specific capacitance 274 F/g at current density of 1A/g, which was ~7 times higher than GO. This EDLC capacitor showed excellent cyclic stability up to 5000 cycles with capacity retention of ~91%

Antidiarrheal, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of the Musa sapientum Seed

Abstract Musa sapientum (M.sapientum) commonly known as 'banana' is widely used in Bangladeshi folk medicine for the treatment of various ailments including diarrhea. Hence, the present study was designed to investigate antidiarrheal, antioxidant and antibacterial potential of the methanolic extract of M.sapientum seed (MMSS). The extract was studied for antidiarrheal property using castor oil and magnesium sulfate induced diarrheal model and charcoal induced gastrointestinal motility test in mice. Total phenolic and flavonoids content, total antioxidant activity, scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, as well as nitric oxide (NO) and assessment of reducing power were used to evaluate antioxidant potential of MMSS. In addition, disc diffusion methods were used for antibacterial assay using various diarrheal induced bacterial strains. At the doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight, the extract reduced the frequency and severity of diarrhea in test animals throughout the study period. At the same doses, the extracts significantly (p<0.001) delayed the intestinal transit of charcoal meal in test animals as compared to the control. In DPPH and NO scavenging method, MMSS showed good antioxidant potentiality in a dose dependent manner with the IC 50 value of 12.32±0.33 μg/ml and 18.96±1.01 μg/ml, respectively with a significant (p<0.001) good reducing power. The extract also displayed strong antibacterial effect against when tested against Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Altogether, these results suggest that the MMSS could be used as a potential antidiarrheal agent along with its antioxidant and antibacterial potentiality

Ion-acoustic higher order non-linear structures in quantum dusty plasma

The prominent features of higher order nonlinear ion-acoustic waves involving quantum corrections in an unmagnetized quantum dusty plasma are revisited with the theoretical framework of Hossain et al. [1]. The fluid model is demonstrated here by its constituent inertial ions, Fermi electrons with quantum effect, and immovable dust grain with negative charge. We have used the ideology of Gardner equation. The well-known RPM method is employed to derive the equation. Indeed, the basic features of quantum dust ion-acoustic Gardner solitons (GSs) are pronounced here. GSs are shown to exist for the value of dust to ion ratio around 2/3 which is valid for space plasma [2], and are different from those of K-dV (Korteweg-de Vries) solitons, which do not exist for the value around 2/3. The implications of our results are suitable for cosmological and astrophysical environments

DNA fingerprinting and diversity analysis in Aus genotypes using microsatellite markers

DNA fingerprinting and genetic diversity of 94 Aus (6 BRRI released Aus variety and 88 local Aus landraces) genotypes were carried out to protect the Aus landraces from biopiracy. A total of 91 microsatellite markers were tested for screening the genotypes. Among 91 amplified products, 56% have polymorphic bands giving 195 alleles. The number of alleles per locus ranged from four (RM25 and RM147) to twenty seven (RM519), where average allele number was 9.76. The Polymorphism Information Contents (PIC) lied between 0.455 (RM5) to 0.934 (RM519). Most robust marker was found RM519 since it provided the highest PIC value (0.934). Pair-wise genetic dissimilarity co-efficient showed the lowest genetic dissimilarity was found BRRI dhan42 and BRRI dhan43 and the highest genetic dissimilarity was found local landraces each other. Here it is shown that most Aus landraces is recognized to have broad genetic base. Thus it is recommended to use these landraces for future breeding program or include new and untouched local landraces to incorporate new genes and broaden genetic base

Electron and Positron Scattering from Precious Metal Atoms in the eV to MeV Energy Range

This article reports on the scattering of unpolarized and spin polarized electrons and positrons from 28Ni58,29Cu63,46Pd108, and 78Pt196, covering light to heavy precious metal targets. To cover the wide energy domain of 1 eV ≤Ei≤300 MeV, Dirac partial-wave phase-shift analysis is employed, using a complex optical potential for Ei≤1 MeV and a potential derived from the nuclear charge distribution for Ei>1 MeV. Results are presented for the differential and integral cross-sections, including elastic, momentum transfer, and viscosity cross-sections. In addition, the inelastic, ionization, and total (elastic + inelastic) cross-section results are provided, together with mean free path estimates. Moreover, the polarization correlations S,T, and U, which are sensitive to phase-dependent interference effects, are considered. Scaling laws with respect to collision energy, scattering angle, and nuclear charge number at ultrahigh energies are derived using the equivalence between elastic scattering and tip bremsstrahlung emission. In addition, a systematic analysis of the critical minima in the differential cross-section and the corresponding total polarization points in the Sherman function S is carried out. A comparison with existing experimental data and other theoretical findings is made in order to test the merit of the present approach in explaining details of the measurements

Optimization of cabinet drying conditions for dried moringa leaves by Response Surface Methodology

The present study has been carried out to optimize the cabinet drying conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for drying moringa leaves. Moringa leaves were dried by a cabinet dryer using different drying temperatures 40–70 °C and air velocity 1.3–1.65 m/s. A central composite design was applied to optimize the drying conditions. The combined effect of these variables on the responses (moisture content, L*, a*/b* value, and vitamin C) was investigated. The findings show that the generated regression models effectively captured the real link between the independent variables and the outcomes as well as sufficiently described the variation in the data. The moisture content, L* value, a*/b* value, and vitamin C content of dried moringa leaves were 3.76–8.30%, 42.17-45.39, −0.498 to −0.581, 10.50–19.57 mg/100g, respectively. The study found that the maximum vitamin C content was 19.57 mg/100g at 33.7 °C and 1.45 m/s air velocity. On the other hand, minimum moisture content was found 3.76% at 76.2 °C and 1.45 m/s air velocity. The optimum conditions for maximization of vitamin C and minimization of moisture content were the drying temperature and air velocity of 40 °C and 1.45 m/s, respectively. Moisture content, L*, a*/b*, and vitamin C content at optimum conditions were 6.282%, 44.282, −0.536, 17.711 mg/100g, respectively. Therefore, the current study suggests that the derived model is suitable for the enhanced retention of color ratio, lightness, and vitamin C content with a longer shelf life, which can afterward be practical in large-scale production in the food industry

Electron and Positron Scattering from Precious Metal Atoms in the eV to MeV Energy Range

This article reports on the scattering of unpolarized and spin polarized electrons and positrons from 28Ni58,29Cu63,46Pd108, and 78Pt196, covering light to heavy precious metal targets. To cover the wide energy domain of 1 eV ≤Ei≤300 MeV, Dirac partial-wave phase-shift analysis is employed, using a complex optical potential for Ei≤1 MeV and a potential derived from the nuclear charge distribution for Ei>1 MeV. Results are presented for the differential and integral cross-sections, including elastic, momentum transfer, and viscosity cross-sections. In addition, the inelastic, ionization, and total (elastic + inelastic) cross-section results are provided, together with mean free path estimates. Moreover, the polarization correlations S,T, and U, which are sensitive to phase-dependent interference effects, are considered. Scaling laws with respect to collision energy, scattering angle, and nuclear charge number at ultrahigh energies are derived using the equivalence between elastic scattering and tip bremsstrahlung emission. In addition, a systematic analysis of the critical minima in the differential cross-section and the corresponding total polarization points in the Sherman function S is carried out. A comparison with existing experimental data and other theoretical findings is made in order to test the merit of the present approach in explaining details of the measurements