Faktor-Faktor Yang Menyumbang Kebolehan Membaca Kanak-Kanak Tahun Satu di Sekolah-sekolah Rendah Luar Bandar di Daerah Miri, Sarawak

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk (i) mengenalpasti corak penglibatan ibu, (ii) mengenalpasti tahap pengetahuan ibu mengenai perkernbangan dan keperluan kanak-kanak, (iii) mengenalpasti perkaitan di antara pandangan ibu terhadap pendidikan anak-anak mereka dengan kebolehan membaca kanak-kanak, dan (iv) mengenalpasti ciri-ciri latar belakang keluarga yang berkaitan dengan kebolehan membaca peringkat awal kanak-kanak di empat buah sekolah rendah luar bandar di daerah Miri, Sarawak. Temubual yang mendalam ke atas 23 orang ibu di kalangan kanak-kanak yang sudah boleh membaca dan 23 orang ibu di kalangan kanakkanak yang bel urn boleh membaca telah dilakukan dengan menggunakan satu set soal selidik sebagai panduan. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa wujudnya perkaitan yang signifikan di antara corak penglibatan ibu dengan kebolehan membaca awal kanak-kanak. Ibu kepada kalangan kanak-kanak yang sudah boleh membaca ada dan pernah membacakan sebarang bahan bacaan kepada anak mereka, membacakan buku cerita, membaca bersama-sama anak, mengajar anak mengenal huruf, membeli bahan bacaan untuk anak, membeli buku sebagai hadiah hari lahir anak, membantu anak belajar membaca, mengajar anak menyebut perkataan yang sukar, membantu anak dalam kerja sekolah, melukis dan membuat buku skrap, berbual dengan sarna anak, memberi pujian dan ganjaran kepada anak, membawa anak bersiar-siar, membawa anak ke perpustakaan awam, menggalakkan anak ke perpustakaan dan meminjam buku. Hasil kajian juga mendapati bahawa wujud perkaitan yang signifikan di antara tahap pengetahuan ibu mengenai perkembangan dan keperluan kanak-kanak dengan kebolehan membaca awal kanak-kanak. Ibu di kalangan kanak-kanak yang sudah boleh membaca sedar mengenai masa yang paling sesuai untuk mendedahkan sebarang bahan bacaan kepada anak, keinginan anak untuk membaca, perlakuan anak untuk mencuba membaca, penyediaan kemudahan bahan bacaan untuk anakanak, tabiat membaca anak, dan kelebihan membawa anak bersiar-siar.HasH kajian mendapati bahawa wujud perkaitan yang signifikan di antara pandangan ibu berkaitan dengan pendidikan anak-anak dengan kebolehan membaca awal kanak-kanak. Ibu di kalangan kanak-kanak yang sudah boleh membaca bersetuju bahawa pendidikan anak-anak adalah penting, kerja sekolah yang diberi oleh guru bertujuan untuk anak

A Conceptual Model: The Impact of Sociodemographic on Coronary Heart Disease

The paper aims to examine the conceptual model on the impact of sociodemographic towards coronary heart disease. There is still limited study on the association between cost of living particularly the cost of food and housing and its impact on coronary heart disease. Therefore, this study incorporates five essential sociodemographic attributes namely, cost of food, children education cost, housing cost, smoking habit and gender. The study provides greater understanding on how the cost of living and lifestyle may give impact to coronary heart disease. It may provide the awareness among the regulators as the society faces burden of high cost of living. The burden may threaten the Malaysians quality of life particularly the lower income group

Psychiatric manifestations in orthopedic patients on Celecoxib therapy

Introduction: The Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of prostaglandin which is responsible for inflammation and pain. Celecoxib a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor was first used as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in 1999. Celecoxib is as effective as NSAJDs but causes less ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract, hence it is commonly used. It has been widely used in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. We present 3 cases of temporary psychiatric disorders associated with consumption of celecoxib, two of the patients presented with auditory hallucinations while one was diagnosed to be having depression. None had pre-existing psychiatric disorders or consumed alcohol or substance of abuse. All 3 patients recovered from their temporary psychiatric disorders after stopping celecoxib. Discussion: It is important to be aware of the psychiatric side effects when prescribing the drug for prolonged periods

Building a liveable urban environment: an analysis of post-modernist and Islamic view-points

The purpose of this paper is to analyse comparatively postmodernist and Islamic views on the constituents of a livable urban environment. The 21st century has witnessed an increasing urbanization of human settlements, especially in the emerging economies of the developing world.In the wake of such rapid rate of urbanization, both the physical landscape and social aspect of the urban environment are similarly undergoing rapid transformations. Against this backdrop, the paper seeks to examinethree cardinal and defining features of urbanization. These include urban architecture, urban lifestyle or urbanism and urban violence. Based on its insistence on human reasoning alone, postmodernist urban architecture, for instance, has been heavily critiqued for its lack of socio-cultural and religious infusions.Religious elements of the urban environment appear crucial in the Islamic doctrine. And the lack of which may not qualify an urban environment to be described as livable from Islamic stand-point. For this reason, the authors will discuss thoroughly, from both perspectives, the three important building blocks literally of a livable urban environment, highlighting their similarities and differences. Finally, the concept of an ‘Islamic Urbanism’ will be deliberated as it can be used to fill the gaps in the Western idea of a livable urban environment

Penggunaan peta pemikiran I-Think dalam pemahaman KOMSAS Bahasa Melayu

Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menganalisis keberkesanan penggunaan lapan peta pemikiran i-Think dalam pemahaman KOMSAS bagi genre novel. Kajian ini melibatkan sebanyak 60 orang murid Tingkatan Empat daripada dua buah kelas di Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Seri Indah, di Serdang, Selangor. Mereka dibahagikan kepada dua kumpulan, iaitu Kumpulan Eksperimen dan Kumpulan Kawalan. Pengkaji telah menggunakan reka bentuk kajian kuasi eksperimen bagi melihat pencapaian murid dalam pemahaman KOMSAS. Instrumen yang digunakan bagi soalan praujian dan pascaujian ialah enam soalan novel yang bertajuk PAPA (akhirnya kau tewas jua!). Jawapan hendaklah ditulis dalam bentuk esei. Pemerolehan data telah dianalisis oleh pengkaji dengan menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif, iaitu melibatkan ujian t, min dan sisihan piawai. Hasil daripada analisis ujian t dalam pascaujian, pengkaji mendapati terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan antara tahap pencapaian pemahaman KOMSAS Kumpulan Kawalan dengan Kumpulan Eksperimen, t (58) = 2.189, p = 0.033 (signifikan jika p < 0.05). Walaupun peningkatan skornya adalah sederhana namun, penggunaan peta pemikiran i-Think dapat meningkatkan pencapaian murid dalam pemahaman KOMSAS. Selain itu, dapatan juga menunjukkan adanya peningkatan dalam skor pascaujian berbanding praujian bagi Kumpulan Eksperimen, iaitu t (29) = -14.194 dan p = 0.000 (signifikan jika p < 0.05). Dapatan yang seterusnya dilihat daripada analisis ujian-t dalam pascaujian mendapati terdapat perbezaan yang signifikan tahap pencapaian murid bukan Melayu dalam pemahaman KOMSAS antara Kumpulan Eksperimen dengan Kumpulan Kawalan, iaitu t (41) = 2.929 dan p = 0.006, (signifikan jika p < 0.05). Hasil kajian menunjukkan penggunaan kaedah peta pemikiran i-Think yang digunakan dalam proses PdP memudahkan murid memahami jalan cerita sesebuah novel yang dipelajari dan menggalakkan proses Kemahiran Berfikir Aras Tinggi (KBAT). Penggunaan kaedah ini telah meningkatkan pemahaman murid terhadap elemen sastera dalam pembelajaran KOMSAS Bahasa Melayu. Oleh itu, murid dapat menguasai hasil pembelajaran Bahasa Melayu dan KBAT dengan lebih berkesan sekaligus meningkatkan motivasi diri untuk terus mempelajari KOMSAS

Emotional intelligence and academic performance in first and final year medical students: a cross-sectional study

Background Research on emotional intelligence (EI) suggests that it is associated with more pro-social behavior, better academic performance and improved empathy towards patients. In medical education and clinical practice, EI has been related to higher academic achievement and improved doctor-patient relationships. This study examined the effect of EI on academic performance in first- and final-year medical students in Malaysia. Methods This was a cross-sectional study using an objectively-scored measure of EI, the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT). Academic performance of medical school students was measured using continuous assessment (CA) and final examination (FE) results. The first- and final-year students were invited to participate during their second semester. Students answered a paper-based demographic questionnaire and completed the online MSCEIT on their own. Relationships between the total MSCEIT score to academic performance were examined using multivariate analyses. Results A total of 163 (84 year one and 79 year five) medical students participated (response rate of 66.0%). The gender and ethnic distribution were representative of the student population. The total EI score was a predictor of good overall CA (OR 1.01), a negative predictor of poor result in overall CA (OR 0.97), a predictor of the good overall FE result (OR 1.07) and was significantly related to the final-year FE marks (adjusted R2 = 0.43). Conclusions Medical students who were more emotionally intelligent performed better in both the continuous assessments and the final professional examination. Therefore, it is possible that emotional skill development may enhance medical students’ academic performance

Psychotheraphy for rural Malays - does it work?

Broadly defined, psychotherapy is a process of interaction between two or more individuals in which skills of one is used in the helping relationship for the emotional support and/ or maturation of the other. The history of formal psychotherapy starts in the mid-19th century. At that time Freud experimented with the use of hypnosis in the treatment of neurotic patients. Initially he used hypnosis to suppress symptoms but later used it to release the emotions associated with repressed ideas. In helping patients to recall suppressed events, he found it effective to get the patients to lie on the couch and talk freely about the past while the therapist kept out of sight. This was the origin of free association. He also built an elaborate theory of mental development and functioning to guide his practice. This eventually gave birth to psychoanalysis on which most modern forms of psychotherapy derived. Another well-known definition describes psychotherapy as "an interpersonal process designed to bring ",bout modifications of feelings, cognition, attitudes and behavior which have proved troublesome to the person seeking help from a trained professional." This definition draws attention to three characteristics of psychotherapy: the presence of a therapist-patient relationship; the interpersonal context of the psychotherapies; and, implied by the notion of training and professionalism, the sense that therapies are conducted according to a model that guides the therapist's actions. Psychotherapies are defined in part by their setting and in part by the presence of an explicit model of psychopathology, which in turn generates procedures for relieving distress. Based on this background, some thirteen years ago we embarked on a journey of experimental research to answer the question whether psychotherapy can work on Malay patients from a rural background. Most therapies insist on strict inclusion criteria for their therapies; the major criteria being well educated and psychologically minded patients. This seems to exclude most of the patients we were treating. To do therapy on these patients would mean to defy the criteria and face poor outcome or to create a new form of therapy with our own model and own criteria. We started with neurotic disorders and gradually worked on depression and finally even on psychosis, which has been said to be resistant to psychotherapy, with remarkable success. The work has been recognized and our model of psychopathology and therapy has been included as a form of therapy within the CBT group. Further work is now being geared towards patients with the more severe and chronic forms of anxiety group of disorders

Pocket-hydro turbine into capsule hydro turbine

The capsule hydro turbine (CaHT) is a continuous power machine in which a wheel or rotor typically filted whereas produce electricity. It is designed like a capsule shape which has two twin turbines on both output to generate energy as an alternative power supply. The devide is capable of producing output of 12v to power up electrical applicances. The device consist of dynamos, turbines, charging circuit, battery, inverter, and wire cables. The result of the capsule hydro turbine (CaHT) field is presented in three types of graphs as in this paper. The optimum voltage of battery was 6.97v. By using these terms, the research project has successfully improvised the pocket hydro turbine (PHT) into capsule hydro turbine (CaHT