A new cryptosystem analogous to LUCELG and Cramer-Shoup

A special group based on a linear recurrence equation plays an important role in modern cryptography. Its relation appeared differently in various cryptosystem. Some cryptosystems that use this linear recurrence property are LUC, LUCDIF, and LUCELG but the first practical Lucas function in a cryptosystem is LUC, presented by Peter Smith and Michael Lennon in 1993. Cramer-Shoup is a practical public key cryptosystem provably secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack that requires a universal one-way hash function. Based on LUCELG and Cramer-Shoup cryptosystems, a new public key cryptosystem is developed by generating the key generation, encryption and decryption algorithm. There are two types of security for the new cryptosystem that we are concerned which are the security of Lucas function and its security against an adaptive chosen ciphertext attack. Since the encryption and decryption algorithm of a new cryptosystem is based on the defined Lucas function, it is believed that the security of Lucas function is polynomial-time equivalent to the generalized discrete logarithm problems. Moreover, the new cryptosystem is secure against adaptive chosen ciphertext attack by assuming that the hash function is chosen from a universal one-way family and the Diffie-Hellm an decision problem is hard in the finite field

Key exchange for new cryptosystem analogous to LUCELG and Cramer-Shoup

Key exchange or key establishment is any process in cryptography by which users are able to share or exchange a secret key. The problem on the key exchange is how to exchange any keys or information so that no third party can obtain a copy. This paper will discuss the Diffie-Hellman key exchange and the key exchange for new cryptosystem analogous to LUCELG and Cramer-Shoup that have been proposed by the same author in 2009. In the analog cryptosystem, the encryption and decryption algorithm are based on the defined Lucas function and its security have been proved that is polynomial time equivalent to the generalized discrete logarithm problems. Hence, one protocol will be proposed to provide the key establishment. Basically the protocol uses the second order linear recurrence relation and the multiplicative group of integers modulo p. In the protocol, the third party will not be able to alter the contents of communication between three parties

Application of Bamboo Composite for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Rod Structure

Researchers are exploring the use of natural fibers, such as bamboo fibers, as a replacement for synthetic fibers in composite materials due to environmental concerns and rising costs. Bamboo fibers have several benefits, including low cost, biodegradability, light weight, and good mechanical qualities. This study focused on the mechanical and physical characteristics of bamboo fiber composites for drone structures. Tensile tests were conducted, revealing a relatively low tensile strength ranging from 22026.99 to 5474.92 N/m3 compared to carbon fibre composites. The tensile strength was influenced by the composition and ratio of bamboo fibre and epoxy. The density of the bamboo fibre composite ranged from 0.9720 to 0.7790 g/cm3, which is lower than carbon fibre composites. Increasing the bamboo fibre content resulted in a decrease in density

Heavy metals analysis of batik industry wastewater, plant and soil samples: a comparison study of FAAS and HACH colorimeter analytical capabilities

Zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu) were chosen as representative of heavy metals for this study. The aim of this study was to analyze these heavy metals concentration in batik factories effluent. Samples from soil and plant nearby the factories were collected and analysed using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer (FAAS) and HACH colorimeter. Results showed differences among the concentration of Fe, Cu and Zn from samples measured by both instruments

Determination of the heavy metals contamination from batik factory effluents to its surrounding

Batik industries may produce a large amount of effluents with a high concentration of pollutants such as heavy metals. Heavy metals are environmentally stable, non-biodegradable, and toxic to living beings. Heavy metals tend to accumulate in soils, plants and eventually cause chronic and adverse effects on human health. In this study, the levels of heavy metals in effluent, soil and plant around batik factories were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). Effluent, soil and plant samples were collected from three batik factories in Kota Bharu , Kelantan. Cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and iron (Fe) were chosen as representative metal elements. The results indicated that high concentration of heavy

Determination of heavy metal levels in fishes from the lower reach of the Kelantan River, Kelantan, Malaysia

This study aimed to assess the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni) and lead (Pb) in the tissues of fish collected from the lower reach of the Kelantan River, Malaysia. Fishes were collected using gill nets during the dry and wet seasons. A total of 78 individual fish were caught and comprised 6 families, 11 genera and 13 species. The dorsal muscle was analysed using a graphite furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). The mean concentration of Cd in Chitala chitala (0.076 mg/kg) was above the critical limit values of the European Commission (EC), World Health Organization (WHO) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). The mean concentrations of Cd in Barbonymus gonionatus and Tachysurus maculatus were already at the level of concern, whereas the other species were approaching the limits of permissible levels. No fish samples were found to have a Ni level higher than the permissible limit of 0.5–0.6 mg/kg set by the WHO (1985). Osteochilus hasseltii (0.169 mg/kg) and T. maculatus (0.156 mg/kg) showed high Pb concentrations. The concentrations of heavy metals were found to be elevated in the wet season (p<0.05). Omnivorous fish were detected with elevated concentrations of Cd and Ni, whereas carnivorous fish had the highest concentration of Pb. The concentrations of Cd and Pb in fish tissues were positively correlated with fish weight (p<0.05). This study determined that the fish species caught in the Kelantan River were contaminated with non-essential metals (Cd, Ni and Pb). Nevertheless, the heavy metal concentration in the fish tissues, with the exception of C. chitala, O. hasseltii and T. maculatus, did not exceed the EC, FAO, Malaysian Food Act (MFA) or WHO guidelines

Scalar multiplication via elliptic nets with application to cryptography

The net theory based on elliptic sequences is widely used as a computational tool in cryptographic pairing. The theory of this net is originated from non-linear recurrence relations which also known as elliptic divisibility sequences. In this study, at first we review the history of elliptic net such as recurrence sequences and elliptic divisibility sequences with the important properties. Next, we address scalar multiplication in elliptic curve cryptography. We further with division polynomials used in the elliptic net and followed by an elliptic net scalar multiplication. Finally, this study stated the future research directions of elliptic net and its scalar multiplication. The findings from this study will help other researchers to explore and to expand recent topics of applied mathematical sequences in cryptography

Generalizing equivalent elliptic divisibility sequence for elliptic net scalar multiplication

Elliptic Net is a powerful method to compute cryptographic pairings or scalar multiplication. The elliptic net rank one originated from the nonlinear recurrence relations, also known as the elliptic divisibility sequence. In this paper, a generalization of equivalent sequences is defined. Combining the new generalization with a few restrictions on the initial value, the paper further proposes and discusses an elliptic net scalar multiplication of rank one for Weistrass equation and non-singular elliptic curve

Sentiment Analysis in Karonese Tweet using Machine Learning

Recently, many social media users expressed their conditions, ideas, emotions using local languages ​​on social media, for example via tweets or status. Due to the large number of texts, sentiment analysis is used to identify opinions, ideas, or thoughts from social media. Sentiment analysis research has also been widely applied to local languages. Karonese is one of the largest local languages ​​in North Sumatera, Indonesia. Karo society actively use the language in expression on twitter. This study proposes two things: Karonese tweet dataset for classification and analysis of sentiment on Karonese. Several machine learning algorithms are implemented in this research, that is Logistic regression, Naive bayes, K-nearest neighbor, and Support Vector Machine (SVM). Karonese tweets is obtained from timeline twitter based on several keywords and hashtags. Transcribers from ethnic figures helped annotating the Karo tweets into three classes: positive, negative, and neutral. To get the best model, several scenarios were run based on various compositions of training data and test data. The SVM algorithm has highest accuracy, precision, recall, and F-1 scores than others. As the research is a preliminary research of sentiment analysis on Karonese language, there are many feature works to improvement

Examining the teachers’ pedagogical knowledge and learning facilities towards teaching quality

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between teachers’ pedagogical knowledge, learning facilities and the teaching quality of teachers in the Ulul Albab Tahfiz Model (TMUA) schools in Malaysia. The data were collected using a set of questionnaires which probed on the respondents’ demographic information as well as on their pedagogical knowledge, learning facilities and teaching quality. The respondents comprised of 144 teachers from three schools involved in TMUA program. The data obtained were processed and analysed through the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) using SmartPLS 3.0 software. The results show that there is a significant relationship between teachers’ pedagogical knowledge, educational facilities and the quality of teaching. The implication of this study is that teachers are aware of the importance of pedagogical knowledge in improving teaching quality when implementing the TMUA program