Thermoluminescence energy response of TLD-100 subjected to photon irradiation using Monte Carlo N-particle transport code version 5

Useful TL properties of TLD-100 that is an excellent candidate for using in TL dosimetry of ionizing radiation are demonstrated. This study is focused on response of TLD-100 subjected to photon irradiation. The thermoluminescence (TL) response of TLD-100 subject to various photon energy, ranging from 20 keV to 6 MeV, was investigated as energy absorbed in the TL material using Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code version 5 (MCNP5). The input parameters included in this study are experimental geometry specification, source information, material information, and tallies. Tally F6 is used in this simulation. The results from MCNP5 simulation show good agreement with previous experimental data. However, the data obtained from the simulation are greater than the experimental data especially in lower energy ranges

Modelling and Simulation of Multiple Galloping Quadrupedal Dynamics

University of Technology Sydney. Faculty of Engineering and Information Technology.The work presented in this dissertation is comprised of three distinct parts. Namely data modelling and analysis for galloping quadruped dynamics, numerically modelling race track path design, and numerically simulating multiple galloping quadrupeds race dynamics. Fundamentally, all the parts are interlinked to one another at the level of searching for dynamics stability of galloping quadrupeds. A holistic approach was taken for information synthesising, ranging from data acquisition to modelling and simulation. The dissertation presents an overview of the current progress in the field, approaches the problem by linking information from modelling, then derives numerical solutions to come to conclusions. Data modelling demonstrated greyhound galloping gait performance and existing race track design conditions. The techniques utilised for data gathering and analysis allowed effective retrieval of diverse information. Racing greyhound galloping gait performance was verified including speed, acceleration, yaw rate, stride frequency, stride length and paw dynamics. Also, reviewing of existing tracks revealed track designs limitations. Data modelling showed that trajectory dynamics could significantly influence race dynamics stability. Thus, methods were derived for modelling and designing galloping greyhound ideal path trajectory between a straight and curve track path segments. To do this, clothoid and algebraic curved segments were numerically generated using a sequential vector transformation method that allows the inclusion of greyhound kinematic parameters. And an equation was derived to model suitable clothoid segments which represents greyhound kinematic parameters and boundary conditions of a track. Finally, results from race data modelling and past injury data are also provided to support transition curve segments improving the dynamics and safety of racing greyhounds while reducing injuries. A race simulation platform was created which emulates greyhound racing. The race simulation explained various aspects of race dynamics affecting overall dynamical outcomes. Results were derived for yaw rate, speed, and the congestion pattern through numerical modelling race simulations. The simulation results presented are also correlated to actual race data to validate modelling performance and reliability. The fundamental tasks carried out include the development of a numerical model for greyhound veering and race-related supporting models. The results from race simulations showed circumstances causing unstable conditions and relationships between various race factors. Finally, this project is useful as it is being applied to optimising quadrupeds racing track design. It could also be used in various other fields such as analysing and numerical modelling and simulation of games, animations and multi-body dynamical physical systems

RESPONSES TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN A DEVELOPING COUNTRY: A SCENARIO OF BANGLADESH

Emerging at the end of 2019 in China, novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) infected millions and killed thousands of people across the globe. Like other South Asian countries such as India and Pakistan, Bangladesh is also struggling to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Since the first detection on March 2020, terrible touch of the corona had been inundated Bangladesh with a total of 5,661,926 suspected patients and reported 776,257 (13.7%) cases, 12,005 deaths (1.5% CFR), and an overall recovery of 715,321 (92%) cases as of May 11, 2020. In attempts to reduce the burden of corona cases in one of the most densely populated country of the world, the government has taken several initiatives. Bangladesh has been stepped up a large number of medical & testing facilities, manpower, social awareness campaigns, and has taken many initial steps to fight against COVID-19. This review article is focused on the overall outbreak situation, the preparedness of the government of Bangladesh as well as challenges and limitations faced by the country so far to tackle the novel coronavirus pandemic 2019

Knowledge, attitude and practice regarding voluntary blood donation among Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University students in Bangladesh

Background: In developing countries like Bangladesh, the demand of blood supply is increasing every year. To ensure safe and adequate blood supply and to motivate voluntary donors in blood donation processes, this study was aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of blood donation among Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University students in Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 403 students (200 females and 203 males), using a self administered structured questionnaire.Results: 59.05% students had good knowledge about blood donation. The knowledge score was significantly higher (p<0.05) in female than male. Students positive attitudes toward voluntary blood donation included- blood donation saves life (62.8% strongly agreed, 32% agreed), donation is a moral activity (57.1% strongly agreed, 37.5% agreed), young are more suitable to donate blood (40% strongly agreed, 49.1% agreed), the best way of donation is voluntary non-remunerated (22.3% strongly agreed, 41.4% agreed). Their negative attitudes included - best way to donate blood is at the request of relatives (24.3% strongly agreed, 38% agreed), donation in paid (only 3% strongly agreed, 10.7% agreed) or something in exchange (only 1% strongly agreed, 8.9% agreed) and blood donors contract disease (3.5% strongly agreed, 27.8% agreed). Among the participants 34.2% donated blood and males donated significantly more than females (p<0.001). Physically females were significantly unfit for donating blood (p<0.001).Conclusions: Although having positive attitudes blood donation practice is not substantial among students especially in females. Interactive awareness and motivation packages should be created to enhance voluntary blood donation

Heavy metals Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn in human hair samples using energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis

This paper presents the results of analysis of energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXRF) applied on the human hair. We determined the concentrations of heavy metals Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu and Zn of 29 hair samples of sanitation workers and 5 samples of students were assumed to be environmentally healthy group. The accuracy and precision of the method for the elements were evaluated through the analysis of a standard hair sample. We compared the concentrations of human hair from an occupationally exposed group of sanitation workers and a control group (students). The hair of the exposed group showed a range of concentrations of 6-28 ppm Mn, 20-195 ppm Fe, 258-549 ppm Ni, 452-1182 ppm Cu and 334-1556 ppm Zn, while that of the control group has a range of 7-26 ppm Mn, 22-61 ppm Fe, 309558 ppm Ni, 438-700 ppm Cu and 224-876 ppm Zn

Thermoluminescence energy response of TLD-100 subjected to photon irradiation using Monte Carlo N-particle transport code version 5

Useful TL properties of TLD-100 that is an excellent candidate for using in TL dosimetry of ionizing radiation are demonstrated. This study is focused on response of TLD-100 subjected to photon irradiation. The thermoluminescence (TL) response of TLD-100 subject to various photon energy, ranging from 20 keV to 6 MeV, was investigated as energy absorbed in the TL material using Monte Carlo N-Particle transport code version 5 (MCNP5). The input parameters included in this study are experimental geometry specification, source information, material information, and tallies. Tally F6 is used in this simulation. The results from MCNP5 simulation show good agreement with previous experimental data. However, the data obtained from the simulation are greater than the experimental data especially in lower energy ranges

Thermoluminescence energy response of a germanium-doped optical fiber obtained using a Monte Carlo N-particle code simulation

This paper reports on the energy response of a Ge-doped optical fiber subjected to photon irradiation. The thermoluminescence (TL) responses of the Ge-doped optical fiber for various photon energies ranging from 20 keV to 6 MeV were investigated as energy absorbed in the TL material by using the Monte Carlo N Particle transport code version 5 (MCNP5). The results obtained are compared against results for the thermoluminescence dosimeter 100 (TLD-100). The input parameters included in this study were the geometry specification, the source information, the material information and tallies. Tally F6 is an important parameter in data card which was used in this simulation as a energy-dependant heating function instead of flux. Similar patterns of response were found for each dosimeter. The simulation shows that the optical fiber has a greater response than TLD 100 in the lower energy range, but the responses overlap in the higher energy ranges

Effect of co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles on the optical properties of Cu-doped lithium potassium borate glass

The co-doped SnO2 nanoparticles of lithium potassium borate doped with Cu glass were prepared using the chemical quenching technique. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the amorphous nature of the sample. The morphology was determined using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). The photoluminescence properties and energy band gaps of the glass were investigated. The changes in the energy band gap were due to the concentration of SnO2 nanoparticles and copper ions. An enhancement of almost three times was shown when SnO2 nanoparticles were added as co-dopants to 0.1 mol% of Cu and the peak shapes shifted from blue luminescence to blue and green luminescence

Oxidizability assay of unfractionated plasma of patients’ with different plasma profile: a methodological study

BACKGROUND: Present study describe the in vitro model of plasma oxidation of patients with different lipid profile, that can be correlated to their invivo plasma oxidizability in order to find the arterial diseases prone patient groups. METHOD: The method applied here to measure the invitro plasma oxidizability, accounts a convenient way that can be well suited in any clinical laboratory settings. Un-fractionated plasma was exposed to CuSO4 (5.0 mmol/L), a pro-oxidant, and low frequency ultrasonic wave to induce oxidation, and finally oxidizability was calculated by TBARS and Conjugated Diene methods. RESULT: In our study, plasma LDL greater than 150 mg/dL possess 1.75 times more risk to undergo oxidation (CI, 0.7774 to 3.94; p = 0.071) than the low LDL plasma, percent of oxidation increased from 38.3% to 67.1% for the LDL level upto 150 mg/dL and high. Lag phase, which is considered as the plasma antioxidative protection, was also influenced by the higher LDL concentration. The mean lag time was 65.27 ± 20.02 (p = 0.02 compared to healthy), where as for 94.71 ± 35.11 min for the normolipidemic subject. The plasma oxidizability was also changed drastically for total cholesterol level, oxidative susceptibility shown 35% and 55.02% for 200 mg/dL and high respectively, however it didn’t appear as risk factor. Patient samples were also stratified according to their age, gender, and blood glucose level. Older persons (≥40 years) were 1.096 times (95% CL, 0.5607 to 2.141, p = 0.396) than younger (≤39 years age), males are 1.071 (95% CI, 0.5072- 2.264) times than the females, and diabetic patients are 1.091 (CI, 0.6153 to 1.934, p = 0.391) times in more risk than the non-diabetic counterpart. CONCLUSION: This method addressing its easy applicability in biomedical research. And by this we were able to show that patients with high LDL (≥150 mg/dL) are in alarming condition besides diabetic and elderly (≥40 years age) males are considered to be susceptible and more prone to develop vascular diseases

Genotyping of cattle based on kappa-casein and alpha-lactalbumin genes

211-218Milk yield, protein and fat content are regulated by milk protein genes. However, genetic makeup of different milk protein genes of cattle available in Bangladesh is not known. This study determined the genetic variants of kappa-casein (κ-CN) and α-lactalbumin (α-LA) gene in cattle. DNA was extracted from 50 blood samples collected from indigenous and crossbred cattle. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed with gene specific primers. For genotyping PCR products of κ-casein gene was digested with HindIII and HaeIII restriction enzymes while the PCR products of α-LA gene was digested with Bsp1286I. Overall from all the tested samples we could amplify specific DNA viz. 935 and 429 bp for κ-CN and α-LA genes, respectively. In case of κ-CN gene 30 samples were analyzed for genotyping and of these 66.67, 30.00 and 3.33% samples were genotyped as AA, AB and BB, respectively. AA genotype was found dominant for κ-CN gene. Allele frequency for A was 82%. AA genotype was found higher in indigenous (0.366) than crossbred (0.30) animals. Homozygous BB genotype was not found in crossbred animals. For α-LA gene 50 samples were genotyped and all the samples (100%) were belonging to AA genotype. Three genetic variants of κ-CN gene viz. AA, AB & BB and one genotype (AA) of α-LA gene were detected in tested samples. Alleles of both the genes are reported to be associated with higher milk, protein, and fat yields