Effect of NPK fertilizer and biochar application to soil chemical properties of irrigation paddy

The objective of experiment was to know effect of NPK and Biochar application to soil chemical properties of paddy rice. The research was conducted in Empetrieng village, Aceh Besar district, Aceh Province, Indonesia.  The experimental arranged in a randomized complate block design with two factor and four replication.  First factor was NPK 15:15:15 fertilizer application (0 kg ha-1; 60 kg ha-1; and 120 kg ha-1) and second factor was Biochar application (0 ton ha-1; and 10 ton ha-1).  The result showed that : (1) application of Biochar affected significanly to soil pH; (2) application of NPK fertilizer affected significanly to K in soil; and 3) interaction of Biochar and NPK fertilizer application affected significantly to pH and P in soi

Effect of NPK fertilizer and biochar residue on paddy growth and yield of second planting

The objective of  experiment was to study effects of NPK  fertilizer and Biochar residue on paddy growth and yield of second planting.  The research was conducted at Empetrieng village, Aceh Besar district, Aceh Province.  The experimental arranged in a randomized complate block design with two factors and four replications.  Biochar consisted of two levels, i.e. without biochar residue and with biochar residue 10 ton ha-1. NPK fertilizer consisted of three levels, i.e. without NPK, NPK 60 kg ha-1, and NPK 120 kg ha-1.  The result showed that application of NPK significantly affected, plant height 35, 45 and 90 day after planting (DAP), number of tiller 35 and 45 DAP, number of panicle per clump, number of total grain per panicle, percentage of unfilled grain, percentage of filled grain per panicle, 1.000 grain weight, and potential yield per ha.  Biochar Residue significantly affected potential yield per ha

The Dynamics of Tsunami Affected Soil Properties in Aceh, Indonesia

Symposium Pape

D'Annunzio sulla scena lirica: libretto o "Poema"?

Australia Direct Action climate change policy relies on purchasing greenhouse gas abatement from projects undertaking approved abatement activities. Management of soil organic carbon (SOC) in agricultural soils is an approved activity, based on the expectation that land use change can deliver significant changes in SOC. However, there are concerns that climate, topography and soil texture will limit changes in SOC stocks. This work analyses data from 1482 sites surveyed across the major agricultural regions of Eastern Australia to determine the relative importance of land use vs. other drivers of SOC. Variation in land use explained only 1.4% of the total variation in SOC, with aridity and soil texture the main regulators of SOC stock under different land uses. Results suggest the greatest potential for increasing SOC stocks in Eastern Australian agricultural regions lies in converting from cropping to pasture on heavy textured soils in the humid regions

Carbon storage in the soils and vegetation of contrasting land uses in northern New South Wales, Australia

The organic carbon stock in biomass and soil profiles sampled from nearby paddocks with different land-use histories was estimated at 7 sites in the upper Liverpool Plains catchment and the Manilla district of north-western New South Wales, Australia. The distribution of soil carbon concentrations over a depth of 2 m was significantly affected by site and land use. Continuous cultivation and cropping over ≥20 years significantly depleted carbon concentrations compared with grassy woodlands in the surface 0.20 m at all sites and to a depth of 0.60 m at 3 sites. Depth of sampling (0-0.20 v. 0-1.0 m) significantly affected the differences between land uses at most sites regarding estimates of the stock of soil carbon. These results show that differences in soil carbon concentrations and stock size do not remain constant with depth between contrasting land uses. However, comparisons between land uses of the total amount of carbon stored were dominated by the number of trees per ha and the size of the trees in grassy woodlands. The implications of these results for carbon accounting are discussed

Root contributions to long-term storage of soil organic carbon: theories, mechanisms and gaps

The depth to which plants locate their roots has important but yet poorly understood implications with regard to the profile distribution and dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC). We compared the profile distribution of fine root biomass (FRB) with depth distribution of SOC, based on data recalculated from published literature. Mechanisms through which roots might contribute to long-term storage of SOC were reviewed. There was general agreement across previous studies that over 60% of SOC were in the top 0.3 m of soil, where FRB was concentrated. However, studies in which depth distribution of SOC was simultaneously compared to profile distribution of RB were not readily available, suggesting that this area of research has received limited attention. There is a paucity of empirical evidence to lend support to theorised mechanisms through which roots stabilise SOC. The relationship between profile distribution of roots and depth distribution of SOC must be evaluated on-site for defined landuses. A standardised format for presenting results must be developed and agreed upon to ease interpretation of the results. National Soil Science Societies may have a significant role in this process and this 19th World Congress of Soil Science will be an opportune assembly for dialogue

Effect of biochar on P uptake from two acid soils

Biochar may increase P availability in acid soils via direct P addition from biochar and indirect effects through soil processes. A pot trial was carried out to examine the effects of incubated and non-incubated poultry litter (Pl) and rice husk (Rh) biochars on maize ('Zea mays') growth and P uptake from acid soils (Tenosol and Ferrosol). Biochar was mixed with soil at a rate of 10 ton/ha and P was applied at 0, 5, or 50 mg P kg⁻¹ as superphosphate such that rates were part way up a pre-determined P response curve for maize. Appropriate, non-P limited controls were also established for each soil type. Compared to Rh biochar, Pl biochar treatments on both soils resulted in higher plant biomass and P uptake but lower P recovery as a proportion of P applied. Phosphorus uptake on non-incubated Pl-amended Ferrosol and Tenosol respectively was 9 and 7 times greater than on both Rh-amended soils. Incubation resulted in sorption of applied P and reduced bioavailability, and there was no indication that biochar reduced P sorption in Ferrosols. Interestingly, P uptake was greater from a combination of P and Rh biochar than when either was applied alone, providing evidence of synergistic benefits of biochar application. These benefits may have arisen due to the liming effect of biochar, to competitive inhibition of P sorption, and/or modification of the soil physical environment and further research is warranted