1,838 research outputs found
Social Science and the District Court: The Observation of a Journeyman Trial Judge
The main objective of the thesis is to implement different architectures of 16-bit adders such as; Ripple CarryAdder (RCA), Manchester Carry Chain Adder (MCCA) and Kogge Stone Adder (KSA), in 65nm CMOS technology and to study their performance in terms of power, operating frequency and speed at near threshold operating regions. The performance of these adders are evaluated and compared with each other and a final conclusion is made as to which adder structure is more suitable for implementation in a 65nmtechnology for low power applications. Several optimisation techniques are performed for the adders to reduce the delay and power consumption. Propagation delay is the most critical or essential parameter to be considered, hence, to minimise the delay of the adder, a technique called sizing and ordering are required for the transistors. The purpose of the thesis is to make a fair comparison among adders over several metrics which include linearity, delay and power. Simulation results of MCCA achieved a greater significant performance upon or over RCA and KSA, and proved it is the best suitable adder for low power applications
Analysing surveys of our Galaxy I: basic astrometric data
We consider what is the best way to extract science from large surveys of the
Milky Way galaxy. The diversity of data gathered in these surveys, together
with our position within the Galaxy, imply that science must be extracted by
fitting dynamical models to the data in the space of the observables. Models
based on orbital tori promise to be superior for this task than traditional
types of models, such as N-body models and Schwarzschild models. A formalism
that allows such models to be fitted to data is developed and tested on
pseudodata of varying richness.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures, MNRAS accepted, changed to reflect final versio
Does Food Aid Harm the Poor? Household Evidence from Ethiopia
This paper uses household-level data from Ethiopia to investigate the impact of food aid on the poor. We find that food aid in Ethiopia is "pro-poor." Our results indicate that (i) net buyers of wheat are poorer than net sellers of wheat, (ii) there are more buyers of wheat than sellers of wheat at all levels of income, (iii) the proportion of net sellers is increasing in living standards and (iv) net benefit ratios are higher for poorer households indicating that poorer households benefit proportionately more from a drop in the price of wheat. In light of this evidence, it appears that households at all levels of income benefit from food aid and that - somewhat surprisingly - the benefits go disproportionately to the poorest households.
Computational Analysis of the U.S FTAs with Central America, Australia, And Morocco
This paper uses household-level data from Ethiopia to investigate the impact of food aid on the poor. We find that food aid in Ethiopia is "pro-poor." Our results indicate that (i) net buyers of wheat are poorer than net sellers of wheat, (ii) there are more buyers of wheat than sellers of wheat at all levels of income, (iii) the proportion of net sellers is increasing in living standards and (iv) net benefit ratios are higher for poorer households indicating that poorer households benefit proportionately more from a drop in the price of wheat. In light of this evidence, it appears that households at all levels of income benefit from food aid and that - somewhat surprisingly - the benefits go disproportionately to the poorest households.
The uncertainty in Galactic parameters
We reanalyse the measurements of parallax, proper motion, and line-of-sight
velocity for 18 masers in high mass star-forming regions presented by Reid et
al. (2009). We use a likelihood analysis to investigate the distance of the Sun
from the Galactic centre, R_0, the rotational speed of the local standard of
rest, v_0, and the peculiar velocity of the Sun, vsol, for various models of
the rotation curve, and models which allow for a typical peculiar motion of the
high mass star-forming regions.
We find that these data are best fit by models with non-standard values for
vsol or a net peculiar motion of the high mass star-forming regions. We argue
that a correction to vsol is much more likely, and that these data support the
conclusion of Binney (2009) that V_sol should be revised upwards from 5.2 km/s
to 11 km/s. We find that the values of R_0 and v_0 that we determine are
heavily dependent on the model we use for the rotation curve, with
model-dependent estimates of R_0 ranging from 6.7 \pm 0.5kpc to 8.9 \pm 0.9kpc,
and those of v_0 ranging from 200 \pm 20 km/s to 279 \pm 33 km/s. We argue that
these data cannot be thought of as implying any particular values of R_0 or
v_0. However, we find that v_0/R_0 is better constrained, lying in the range
29.9-31.6 km/s/kpc for all models but one.Comment: 8 pages. MNRAS accepted. Revised to reflect final versio
School Climate Development Survey
Over the last twenty-five years the Consortium on Chicago School Research has engaged in systematic study of more than 400 Chicago Public Schools to determine organizational traits that are related to improvement in student learning. This effort was designed to help explain widely divergent levels of student success between very similar schools in the Chicago system. Initial discussions with educators at all levels, reviews of previous research, pilot studies, and field studies led to the identification of five school contextual factors – the 5Essential Supports – determined to be critical to school success: (1) effective leaders, (2) collaborative teachers, (3) involved families, (4) supportive environment, and (5) ambitious instruction. The framework of the 5Essential Supports served as a theoretical basis for a survey effort designed to measures and report on facets of school culture that could then be used by school leaders and practitioners to guide school improvement efforts. Research related to the 5Essential Supports consistently demonstrates a strong relationship between the presence of these supports and gains in student achievement.
Led by Dr. James McMillan and Dr. Charol Shakeshaft from VCU’s School of Education, the purpose of this MERC study was (1) to develop a shortened version of the 5Essentials staff climate survey for the Metropolitan Educational Research Consortium schools, (2) to pilot test the new survey with teachers and administrators, and (3) to determine effective methods of dissemination to support schools use f the survey data for school improvement purposes. The piloting and validation phase of the study demonstrated that the core constructs underlying the 5Essentials maintained high levels of validity and reliability in the shortened version. MERC also piloted and received feedback from school leaders on formats for reporting school climate results
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