4,266 research outputs found
Dydrogesterone and norethisterone regulate expression of lipoprotein lipase and hormones-sensitive lipase in human subcutaneous abdominal adipocytes
Aim: In premenopausal women, hyper-androgenicity is associated with central obesity and an increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated the effects of dydrogesterone (DYD)(a non-androgenic progestogen) and norethisterone (NET)(an androgenic progestogen) on lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) and glycerol release in adipocytes isolated from subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue. Methods: Adipose tissue was obtained from 12 non-diabetic women, mean age 51 years (range 37-78) and mean BMI 25.4kg/m2 (range 20.3-26.4). Adipocytes were treated with increasing doses of DYD and NET for 48 hours prior to protein extraction. Effects on lipogenesis and lipolysis were assessed using western blotting to determine the expression of key enzymes, LPL (56kDa) and HSL (84kDa) respectively. Measurement of glycerol release into the medium provided an assessment of lipolytic activity. Results: Expression of LPL was increased by DYD and NET (mean protein expression relative to control ± SEM); with greatest effect at 10-8M for DYD: 2.32±0.51(p0.05). Conclusions: DYD and NET significantly increased LPL expression relative to control whilst significantly reducing HSL expression. At the concentrations studied, similar effects were observed with the androgenic NET and the non-androgenic DYD despite differing effects on the lipid profile when taken
in combination with estrogen. Further work in this area may improve knowledge about the effects of different progestogens on body fat distribution and enable progestogen use to be tailored to the individual to achieve maximal benefits
User observations on information sharing (corporate knowledge and lessons learned)
The sharing of 'corporate knowledge' and lessons learned in the NASA aerospace community has been identified by Johnson Space Center survey participants as a desirable tool. The concept of the program is based on creating a user friendly information system that will allow engineers, scientists, and managers at all working levels to share their information and experiences with other users irrespective of location or organization. The survey addresses potential end uses for such a system and offers some guidance on the development of subsequent processes to ensure the integrity of the information shared. This system concept will promote sharing of information between NASA centers, between NASA and its contractors, between NASA and other government agencies, and perhaps between NASA and institutions of higher learning
LoTSS jellyfish galaxies: II. Ram pressure stripping in groups versus clusters
Numerous examples of ram pressure stripping in galaxy clusters are present in
literature; however, substantially less work has been focused on ram pressure
stripping in lower mass groups. In this work we use the LOFAR Two-metre Sky
Survey (LoTSS) to search for jellyfish galaxies in ~500 SDSS groups (z<0.05),
making this the most comprehensive search for ram pressure stripping in groups
to date. We identify 60 jellyfish galaxies in groups with extended, asymmetric
radio continuum tails, which are found across the entire range of group mass
from . We
compare the group jellyfish galaxies identified in this work with the LoTSS
jellyfish galaxies in clusters presented in Roberts et al. (2021), allowing us
to compare the effects of ram pressure stripping across three decades in
group/cluster mass. We find that jellyfish galaxies are most commonly found in
clusters, with the frequency decreasing towards the lowest mass groups. Both
the orientation of observed radio continuum tails, and the positions of group
jellyfish galaxies in phase space, suggest that galaxies are stripped more
slowly in groups relative to clusters. Finally, we find that the star formation
rates of jellyfish galaxies in groups are consistent with `normal' star-forming
group galaxies, which is in contrast to cluster jellyfish galaxies that have
clearly enhanced star formation rates. On the whole, there is clear evidence
for ongoing ram pressure stripping in galaxy groups (down to very low group
masses), though the frequency of jellyfish galaxies and the strength of ram
pressure stripping appears smaller in groups than clusters. Differences in the
efficiency of ram pressure stripping in groups versus clusters likely
contributes to the positive trend between quenched fraction and host halo mass
observed in the local Universe.Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures, 1 appendix, accepted for publication in A&
Corn residue stocking rate affects cattle performance but not subsequent grain yield
This study investigated effects of stocking rate on cattle performance, quality and quantity of corn residue, and impact of residue removal on grain yield for 5 yr at the University of Nebraska â Lincoln West Central Water Resources Field Laboratory near Brule, NE. Four removal treatmentsâ1) no removal (control), 2) grazing at 2.5 animal unit month (AUM)/ ha, 3) grazing at 5.0 AUM/ha, and 4) balingâwere applied to a center pivotâirrigated corn field (53 ha). The field was divided into eight 6.6-ha paddocks to which replicated treatments were assigned. Samples of residue were collected in October and March (before and after residue removal) using ten 0.5-m2 quadrats per treatment replication. Residue was separated into 5 plant partsâstem, cob, leaf, husk, and grainâand analyzed for nutrient content. Esophageally fistulated cattle were used to measure diet quality. Cattle assigned to the 2.5 AUM/ha stocking rate treatment gained more BW (P \u3c 0.01) and BCS (P \u3c 0.01) than cattle assigned to the 5.0 AUM/ha treatment. Leaf contained the most (P \u3c 0.01) CP and husk had the greatest (P \u3c 0.01) in vitro OM disappearance (IVOMD) but the CP and IVOMD of individual plant parts did not differ (P \u3e 0.69) between sampling dates. Amount of total residue was reduced (P \u3c 0.05) by baling and both grazing treatments between October and March but was not different (P \u3e 0.05) in control paddocks between sampling dates. As a proportion of the total residue, stem increased (P \u3c 0.01) and husk decreased (P \u3c 0.01) between October and March. Diet CP content was similar (P = 0.10) between sampling dates for the 2 grazing treatments but IVOMD was greater after grazing in the 2.5 AUM/ha grazing treatment (P = 0.04). Subsequent grain yields were not different (P = 0.16) across all 4 residue removal treatments. At the proper stocking rate, corn residue grazing results in acceptable animal performance without negatively impacting subsequent corn grain production
NGC 3576 and NGC 3603: Two Luminous Southern HII Regions Observed at High Resolution with the Australia Telescope Compact Array
NGC 3576 (G291.28-0.71; l=291.3o, b=-0.7o) and NGC 3603 (G291.58-0.43;
l=291.6o, b=-0.5o) are optically visible, luminous HII regions located at
distances of 3.0 kpc and 6.1 kpc, respectively. We present 3.4 cm Australian
Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) observations of these two sources in the
continuum and the H90a, He90a, C90a and H113b recombination lines with an
angular resolution of 7" and a velocity resolution of 2.6 km/s. All four
recombination lines are detected in the integrated profiles of the two sources.
Broad radio recombination lines are detected in both NGC 3576 (DV_{FWHM}>= 50
km/s) and NGC 3603 (DV_{FWHM}>=70 km/s). In NGC 3576 a prominent N-S velocity
gradient (~30 km/s/pc) is observed, and a clear temperature gradient (6000 K to
8000 K) is found from east to west, consistent with a known IR color gradient
in the source. In NGC 3603, the H90a, He90a and the H113b lines are detected
from 13 individual sources. The Y^+ (He/H) ratios in the two sources range from
0.08+/-0.04 to 0.26+/-0.10. We compare the morphology and kinematics of the
ionized gas at 3.4 cm with the distribution of stars, 10 micron emission and
H_2O, OH, and CH_3OH maser emission. These comparisons suggest that both NGC
3576 and NGC 3603 have undergone sequential star formation.Comment: 24 pages, 12 Postscript figure
BREEDING BEHAVIOR OF THE GRAY-BREASTED FLYCATCHER (LATHROTRICCUS GRISEIPECTUS) IN SOUTHWESTERN ECUADOR
Abstract â Little is known about the nesting behavior of the Gray-breasted Flycatcher (Lathrotriccus griseipectus), a species listed as Vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. In order to add fundamental information on the life history of this species, we recorded parental behavior at a nest in FebruaryâMarch 2010 in the Jorupe Reserve in southwestern Ecuador. Recordings were made on a tripod-mounted video camera and took place during part of the incubation and nestling stages. Both adults provisioned nestlings. We recorded 7.1 feeds per nestling-hour, with the highest average provisioning rates occurring from 12:00â13:00 h. Nestlings produced an average of 0.8 fecal sacs per nestling-hour. Nestlings fledged in quick succession shortly before 12:00 h on nestling-day 14.Resumen â El cuidado parental del Mosquero PechigrĂs (Lathrotriccus griseipectus) en el suroeste del Ecuador La biologĂa reproductiva del Mosquero PechigrĂs (Lathrotriccus griseipectus), una especie catalogada como âVulnerableâ por la UniĂłn Internacional para la ConservaciĂłn de la Naturaleza, es poco conocida. Con el fin de añadir datos bĂĄsicos sobre la historia de vida del Mosquero PechigrĂs, utilizamos una cĂĄmara de video para realizar observaciones de un nido ubicado en la Reserva Jorupe en el suroeste de Ecuador, entre febrero y marzo de 2010. Las grabaciones tuvieron lugar durante parte de las etapas de incubaciĂłn y polluelo. Ambos adultos aprovisionaron polluelos. Registramos 7.1 alimentaciones de polluelo por hora, siendo las tasas de aprovisionamiento mĂĄs altas de 12:00â13:00 h. Los polluelos produjeron un promedio de 0.8 sacos fecales por hora y polluelo. Los polluelos emplumaron en rĂĄpida sucesiĂłn poco antes del mediodĂa 14 dĂas luego de la eclosiĂłn
Corn residue stocking rate affects cattle performance but not subsequent grain yield
This study investigated effects of stocking rate on cattle performance, quality and quantity of corn residue, and impact of residue removal on grain yield for 5 yr at the University of Nebraska â Lincoln West Central Water Resources Field Laboratory near Brule, NE. Four removal treatmentsâ1) no removal (control), 2) grazing at 2.5 animal unit month (AUM)/ ha, 3) grazing at 5.0 AUM/ha, and 4) balingâwere applied to a center pivotâirrigated corn field (53 ha). The field was divided into eight 6.6-ha paddocks to which replicated treatments were assigned. Samples of residue were collected in October and March (before and after residue removal) using ten 0.5-m2 quadrats per treatment replication. Residue was separated into 5 plant partsâstem, cob, leaf, husk, and grainâand analyzed for nutrient content. Esophageally fistulated cattle were used to measure diet quality. Cattle assigned to the 2.5 AUM/ha stocking rate treatment gained more BW (P \u3c 0.01) and BCS (P \u3c 0.01) than cattle assigned to the 5.0 AUM/ha treatment. Leaf contained the most (P \u3c 0.01) CP and husk had the greatest (P \u3c 0.01) in vitro OM disappearance (IVOMD) but the CP and IVOMD of individual plant parts did not differ (P \u3e 0.69) between sampling dates. Amount of total residue was reduced (P \u3c 0.05) by baling and both grazing treatments between October and March but was not different (P \u3e 0.05) in control paddocks between sampling dates. As a proportion of the total residue, stem increased (P \u3c 0.01) and husk decreased (P \u3c 0.01) between October and March. Diet CP content was similar (P = 0.10) between sampling dates for the 2 grazing treatments but IVOMD was greater after grazing in the 2.5 AUM/ha grazing treatment (P = 0.04). Subsequent grain yields were not different (P = 0.16) across all 4 residue removal treatments. At the proper stocking rate, corn residue grazing results in acceptable animal performance without negatively impacting subsequent corn grain production
Rotational Dynamics of Vortices in Confined Bose-Einstein Condensates
We derive the frequency of precession and conditions for stability for a
quantized vortex in a single-component and a two-component Bose-Einstein
condensate. The frequency of precession is proportional to the gradient of the
free energy with respect to displacement of the vortex core. In a two-component
system, it is possible to achieve a local minimum in the free energy at the
center of the trap. The presence of such a minimum implies the existence of a
region of energetic stability where the vortex cannot escape and where one may
be able to generate a persistent current.Comment: 6 Pages, 6 Figure
Corn residue stocking rate affects cattle performance but not subsequent grain yield
This study investigated effects of stocking rate on cattle performance, quality and quantity of corn residue, and impact of residue removal on grain yield for 5 yr at the University of Nebraska â Lincoln West Central Water Resources Field Laboratory near Brule, NE. Four removal treatmentsâ1) no removal (control), 2) grazing at 2.5 animal unit month (AUM)/ ha, 3) grazing at 5.0 AUM/ha, and 4) balingâwere applied to a center pivotâirrigated corn field (53 ha). The field was divided into eight 6.6-ha paddocks to which replicated treatments were assigned. Samples of residue were collected in October and March (before and after residue removal) using ten 0.5-m2 quadrats per treatment replication. Residue was separated into 5 plant partsâstem, cob, leaf, husk, and grainâand analyzed for nutrient content. Esophageally fistulated cattle were used to measure diet quality. Cattle assigned to the 2.5 AUM/ha stocking rate treatment gained more BW (P \u3c 0.01) and BCS (P \u3c 0.01) than cattle assigned to the 5.0 AUM/ha treatment. Leaf contained the most (P \u3c 0.01) CP and husk had the greatest (P \u3c 0.01) in vitro OM disappearance (IVOMD) but the CP and IVOMD of individual plant parts did not differ (P \u3e 0.69) between sampling dates. Amount of total residue was reduced (P \u3c 0.05) by baling and both grazing treatments between October and March but was not different (P \u3e 0.05) in control paddocks between sampling dates. As a proportion of the total residue, stem increased (P \u3c 0.01) and husk decreased (P \u3c 0.01) between October and March. Diet CP content was similar (P = 0.10) between sampling dates for the 2 grazing treatments but IVOMD was greater after grazing in the 2.5 AUM/ha grazing treatment (P = 0.04). Subsequent grain yields were not different (P = 0.16) across all 4 residue removal treatments. At the proper stocking rate, corn residue grazing results in acceptable animal performance without negatively impacting subsequent corn grain production
Ultraviolet Imaging Polarimetry of the Large Magellanic Cloud. II. Models
Motivated by new sounding-rocket wide-field polarimetric images of the Large
Magellanic Cloud, we have used a three-dimensional Monte Carlo radiation
transfer code to investigate the escape of near-ultraviolet photons from young
stellar associations embedded within a disk of dusty material (i.e. a galaxy).
As photons propagate through the disk, they may be scattered or absorbed by
dust. Scattered photons are polarized and tracked until they escape to be
observed; absorbed photons heat the dust, which radiates isotropically in the
far-infrared, where the galaxy is optically thin. The code produces four output
images: near- UV and far-IR flux, and near-UV images in the linear Stokes
parameters Q and U. From these images we construct simulated UV polarization
maps of the LMC. We use these maps to place constraints on the star + dust
geometry of the LMC and the optical properties of its dust grains. By tuning
the model input parameters to produce maps that match the observed polarization
maps, we derive information about the inclination of the LMC disk to the plane
of the sky, and about the scattering phase function g. We compute a grid of
models with i = 28 deg., 36 deg., and 45 deg., and g = 0.64, 0.70, 0.77, 0.83,
and 0.90. The model which best reproduces the observed polarization maps has i
= 36 +2/-5 degrees and g ~0.7. Because of the low signal-to-noise in the data,
we cannot place firm constraints on the value of g. The highly inclined models
do not match the observed centro-symmetric polarization patterns around bright
OB associations, or the distribution of polarization values. Our models
approximately reproduce the observed ultraviolet photopolarimetry of the
western side of the LMC; however, the output images depend on many input
parameters and are nonunique.Comment: Accepted to AJ. 20 pages, 7 figure
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