Sense of Place, Place Attachment, and Rootedness in Four West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana Bars

This dissertation explores place and the relationships that people have with place: sense of place, place attachment, and rootedness. These three concepts have each been researched and discussed on their own in journal articles, books, and book chapters, but the terms rarely appear in the same sentence let alone the same research article. In the United States, places of drink are historically linked to community and social interactions, and such establishments often possess a solid core of loyal patrons for whom going to their bar is a natural and routine part of their daily and weekly life. This research brings drinking establishments to the fore of American geography as containers of material culture and collective history that influence and are influenced by the people that spend time in those places and utilizes them as the laboratory for collecting empirical data on people-place relationships. Applying ethnographic research tools and theoretical geographic thought to empirical data, this research studies these places and the people in them situated relative to elements of the surrounding local culture, history, and community in four bars in West Baton Rouge Parish, Louisiana. The result is a theoretical discussion of real-world data and a new unified theory that brings sense of place, place attachment, and rootedness under not just under the same umbrella, but as the core of a single system of people-place relationships

The Effects of Computer Aided Draughting on Architectural Practice

This thesis argues that computer aided draughting (CAD) can be introduced successfully into an organization and can benefit all those engaged in the construction process. It concludes that CAD is the single most important tool to be introduced into the practice of architecture in recent times and, whilst the foregoing proposition is true, there is a cost to the organizations and individuals involved. The study begins with the author's interest in the research as a Chartered Quantity Surveyor working professionally with a firm of architects who installed a CAD system. It identifies several difficulties with the research and justifies the case study research methodology

MSTI-3 Spacecraft Attitude Control Software Development using Automatic Code Generation

Current budgetary trends in space development programs are stressing the cheaper, faster, better philosophy. Reduction in cost is attained most effectively by reducing program schedule. Advances in Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) products now make vastly reduced spacecraft software development schedules possible. The Miniature Seeker Technology Integration (MSTI) spacecraft program, developed by Phillips Laboratory-Edwards Air Force Base, utilizes CASE tools to design, develop, and test on-board flight software within a one year schedule. Such a short schedule is achieved principally by automatic Ada code generation. This greatly reduces laborious hand-coding and debugging, and allows the controls engineers to move quickly from algorithms to an executable program, running on the spacecraft processor, ready for testing. The MSTI satellites are the first spacecraft to employ automatically generated code in the on-board flight software. The MSTI-3 flight software incorporates 10 Attitude Control System (ACS) modes (3-axis stabilized), fault-tolerant features, and commanding via stored and up-linked commands. Automatic code generation of all the attitude control software, and much of the sensor processing greatly reduces the turn around time for design, development, integration, and test. This paper will present the methodology for MSTI3 software design, development, and test, and describe the ACS algorithms which include: Attitude Acquisition (Inertial Capture, Sun Acquisition, Stellar Search and Recognition), Attitude Determination, and Attitude Control

Cell-Type Specific Changes in Glial Morphology and Glucocorticoid Expression During Stress and Aging in the Medial Prefrontal Cortex.

Repeated exposure to stressors is known to produce large-scale remodeling of neurons within the prefrontal cortex (PFC). Recent work suggests stress-related forms of structural plasticity can interact with aging to drive distinct patterns of pyramidal cell morphological changes. However, little is known about how other cellular components within PFC might be affected by these challenges. Here, we examined the effects of stress exposure and aging on medial prefrontal cortical glial subpopulations. Interestingly, we found no changes in glial morphology with stress exposure but a profound morphological change with aging. Furthermore, we found an upregulation of non-nuclear glucocorticoid receptors (GR) with aging, while nuclear levels remained largely unaffected. Both changes are selective for microglia, with no stress or aging effect found in astrocytes. Lastly, we show that the changes found within microglia inversely correlated with the density of dendritic spines on layer III pyramidal cells. These findings suggest microglia play a selective role in synaptic health within the aging brain

Field Investigations on the Interrelationships of the Big-Headed Ant, the Gray Pineapple Mealybug, and Pineapple Mealybug Wilt Disease in Hawaii

The population density of the big-headed ant was higher during the second (ratoon) crop than during the first crop of pineapple at both Poamoho and Molokai. At Poamoho, no mealybug wilt plants were found in plots where ants had been controlled, while the number of such plants increased sharply during the second crop in plots where ants were not controlled. The incidence of mealybug wilt was higher at the edges of plots than toward the middle reflecting the greater abundance of ants and mealybugs on the margins on the plots. Wilt spread in a contagious manner with the number of diseased plants increasing at a logrithmic rate over time. The coefficient of correlation between the number of ants caught in pitfall traps and the percentage of mealybug infested plants was very high (r = 0.97). Infestation of the Molokai experimental planting by big-headed ants started at the edges of plantings adjacent to abandoned fields and waste areas. Invasion progressed slowly, and two and one half years elapsed before all plots had become infested. Ant and mealybug populations in infested plots increased gradually and appeared to be strongly influenced by the phenology of the pineapple plants during the first fruit crop. Unusually heavy rainfall during March and April 1979 may have caused the dramatic reduction in ant populations observed then. Highest ant population levels occured about three years after planting when all untreated plots became nearly uniformly infested. Pest management strategies for pineapple ants and mealybugs are discussed, and it is suggested that a program of ant surveillance using bait stakes, coupled with treatment of field margins and adjacent infested old fields or uncultivated areas when ants are discovered, can prevent migration of these pests into plantation fields

Systematic review of outcomes in studies of reproductive genetic carrier screening: Towards development of a core outcome set.

PURPOSE: Current practice recommendations support the widespread implementation of reproductive genetic carrier screening (RGCS). These consensus-based recommendations highlight a research gap, with findings from current studies being insufficient to meet the standard required for more rigorous evidence-based recommendations. This systematic review assessed methodological aspects of studies on RGCS to inform the need for a core outcome set. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search to identify peer-reviewed published studies offering population-based RGCS. Study designs, outcomes, and measurement methods were extracted. A narrative synthesis was conducting using an existing outcome taxonomy and criteria used in the evaluation of genetic screening programs as frameworks. RESULTS: Sixty-five publications were included. We extracted 120 outcomes representing 24 outcome domains. Heterogeneity in outcome selection, measurement methods and time points of assessment was extensive. Quality appraisal raised concerns for bias. We found that reported outcomes had limited applicability to criteria used to evaluate genetic screening programs. CONCLUSION: Despite a large body of literature, diverse approaches to research have limited the conclusions that can be cumulatively drawn from this body of evidence. Consensus regarding meaningful outcomes for evaluation of RGCS would be a valuable first step in working towards evidence-based practice recommendations, supporting the development of a core outcome set

Correction: Incorporating patient perspectives in the development of a core outcome set for reproductive genetic carrier screening: a sequential systematic review.

In Fig. 2 of this article, there is no references included; the figure should have appeared as shown below

Genetic counseling and testing practices for late-onset neurodegenerative disease: a systematic review

ObjectiveTo understand contemporary genetic counseling and testing practices for late-onset neurodegenerative diseases (LONDs), and identify whether practices address the internationally accepted goals of genetic counseling: interpretation, counseling, education, and support.MethodsFour databases were systematically searched for articles published from 2009 to 2020. Peer-reviewed research articles in English that reported research and clinical genetic counseling and testing practices for LONDs were included. A narrative synthesis was conducted to describe different practices and map genetic counseling activities to the goals. Risk of bias was assessed using the Qualsyst tool. The protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42019121421).ResultsSixty-one studies from 68 papers were included. Most papers focused on predictive testing (58/68) and Huntington's disease (41/68). There was variation between papers in study design, study population, outcomes, interventions, and settings. Although there were commonalities, novel and inconsistent genetic counseling practices were identified. Eighteen papers addressed all four goals of genetic counseling.ConclusionContemporary genetic counseling and testing practices for LONDs are varied and informed by regional differences and the presence of different health providers. A flexible, multidisciplinary, client- and family-centered care continues to emerge. As genetic testing becomes a routine part of care for patients (and their relatives), health providers must balance their limited time and resources with ensuring clients are safely and effectively counseled, and all four genetic counseling goals are addressed. Areas of further research include diagnostic and reproductive genetic counseling/testing practices, evaluations of novel approaches to care, and the role and use of different health providers in practice

Creating Safety in the Testing Process in Primary Care Offices

Background: The testing process in primary care is complex, and it varies from one office to another. We sought to understand how family medicine offices create safety in this process. Methods: Using observations, interviews, and surveys, we collected data at four family medicine offices. We searched the interview and observation notes for stories of safety, error prevention, and recovery and coded them to a model of resilient engineering properties, work system components, and testing process steps. Results: We found only six examples of practices that were systematically creating safety in the testing process via organizational resilience. The most common resilience properties were top-level commitment and a learning culture applied to work system components of people and their tasks. Offices predominantly depended on individuals to double-check, remember, and work around ongoing problems. Conclusions: While family medicine offices overwhelming depend on individuals to work around testing process problems, important properties of office-wide safety practices included a top-level commitment and a learning culture

Agonist-Specific Calcium Signaling and Phosphoinositide Hydrolysis in Human SK-N-MCIXC Neuroepithelioma Cells

Fura-2 digital imaging microfluorimetry was used to evaluate the Ca 2+ signals generated in single clonal human neuroepithelioma cells (SK-N-MCIXC) in response to agonists that stimulate phosphoinositide hydrolysis. Addition of optimal concentrations of either endothelin-1 (ET-1), ATP, oxotremorine-M (Oxo-M), or norepinephrine (NE) all resulted in an increase in the concentration of cytosolic calcium (Ca 2+ i ) but of different magnitudes (ET-1 = ATP> NE). The Ca 2+ signals elicited by the individual agonists also differed from each other in terms of their latency of onset, rate of rise and decay, and prevalence of a sustained phase of Ca 2+ influx. The Ca 2+ signals that occurred in response to ATP had a shorter latency and more rapid rates of rise and decay than those observed for the other three agonists. Furthermore, a sustained plateau phase of the Ca 2+ signal, which was characteristic of the response to Oxo-M, was observed in 94% of cells responded to ET-1 or ATP, whereas corresponding values for Oxo-M and NE were ∼74 and ∼48%. Sequential addition of agonists to cells maintained in a Ca 2+ -free buffer indicated that each ligand mobilized Ca 2+ from a common intracellular pool. When monitored as a release of a total inositol phosphate fraction, all four agonists elicited similar (four- to sixfold) increases in phosphoinositide hydrolysis. However, the addition of ET-1 or ATP resulted in larger increases in the net formation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate than did either Oxo-M or NE. These results indicate that, in SK-N-MCIXC cells, the characteristics of both Ca 2+ signaling and inositol phosphate production are agonist specific.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66414/1/j.1471-4159.1994.63062099.x.pd