848 research outputs found
PonyGE2: Grammatical Evolution in Python
Grammatical Evolution (GE) is a population-based evolutionary algorithm,
where a formal grammar is used in the genotype to phenotype mapping process.
PonyGE2 is an open source implementation of GE in Python, developed at UCD's
Natural Computing Research and Applications group. It is intended as an
advertisement and a starting-point for those new to GE, a reference for
students and researchers, a rapid-prototyping medium for our own experiments,
and a Python workout. As well as providing the characteristic genotype to
phenotype mapping of GE, a search algorithm engine is also provided. A number
of sample problems and tutorials on how to use and adapt PonyGE2 have been
developed.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, submitted to the 2017 GECCO Workshop on
Evolutionary Computation Software Systems (EvoSoft
Neural Transducer Training: Reduced Memory Consumption with Sample-wise Computation
The neural transducer is an end-to-end model for automatic speech recognition
(ASR). While the model is well-suited for streaming ASR, the training process
remains challenging. During training, the memory requirements may quickly
exceed the capacity of state-of-the-art GPUs, limiting batch size and sequence
lengths. In this work, we analyze the time and space complexity of a typical
transducer training setup. We propose a memory-efficient training method that
computes the transducer loss and gradients sample by sample. We present
optimizations to increase the efficiency and parallelism of the sample-wise
method. In a set of thorough benchmarks, we show that our sample-wise method
significantly reduces memory usage, and performs at competitive speed when
compared to the default batched computation. As a highlight, we manage to
compute the transducer loss and gradients for a batch size of 1024, and audio
length of 40 seconds, using only 6 GB of memory.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, 1 algorith
State tomography of capacitively shunted phase qubits with high fidelity
We introduce a new design concept for superconducting quantum bits (qubits)
in which we explicitly separate the capacitive element from the Josephson
tunnel junction for improved qubit performance. The number of two-level systems
(TLS) that couple to the qubit is thereby reduced by an order of magnitude and
the measurement fidelity improves to 90%. This improved design enables the
first demonstration of quantum state tomography with superconducting qubits
using single shot measurements.Comment: submitted to PR
SNX10 gene mutation leading to osteopetrosis with dysfunctional osteoclasts
Acknowledgements We sincerely thank the patients and family members who participated in this study. We would also like to thank Stefan Esher, UmeÄ University, for help with genealogy, and Anna Westerlund for excellent technical assistance. This work was supported by grants from the FOU, at the UmeÄ university hospital, and the Medical Faculty at UmeÄ University. The work at University of Gothenburg was supported by grants from The Swedish Research Council, the Swedish Rheumatism Association, the Royal 80-Year Fund of King Gustav V, ALF/LUA research grant from Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg and the Lundberg Foundation. The work at the University of Gothenburg and the University of Aberdeen was supported by Euroclast, a Marie Curie FP7-People-2013-ITN: # 607446.Peer reviewedPublisher PD
Speech production knowledge in automatic speech recognition
Although much is known about how speech is produced, and research into speech production has resulted in measured articulatory data, feature systems of different kinds and numerous models, speech production knowledge is almost totally ignored in current mainstream approaches to automatic speech recognition. Representations of speech production allow simple explanations for many phenomena observed in speech which cannot be easily analyzed from either acoustic signal or phonetic transcription alone. In this article, we provide a survey of a growing body of work in which such representations are used to improve automatic speech recognition
Coreceptor Choice and T Cell Depletion by R5, X4, and R5X4 HIV-1 Variants in CCR5-Deficient (CCR5Î32) and Normal Human Lymphoid Tissue
AbstractCoreceptor utilization by HIV-1 is an important determinant of pathogenesis. However, coreceptor selectivity is defined in vitro, while in vivo critical pathogenic events occur in lymphoid tissues. Using pharmacological inhibitors, we recently provided evidence that coreceptor selectivity by the R5X4 dual-tropic isolate 89.6 was more restricted in ex vivo infected lymphoid tissue than in vitro [S. Glushakova, Y. Yi, J. C. Grivel, A. Singh, D. Schols, E. De Clercq, R. G. Collman, and L. Margolis (1999). J. Clin. Invest. 104, R7âR11]. Here we extend those observations using CCR5-deficient (CCR5Î32) lymphoid tissue as well as additional primary isolates. We definitively show that neither CCR5 nor secondary coreceptors used in vitro mediate 89.6 infection in lymphoid tissue. We also demonstrate that restricted coreceptor use in lymphoid tissue ex vivo compared with in vitro utilization occurs with other dual-tropic primary isolates and is not unique to 89.6. For all strains tested that are dual tropic in vitro, severe CD4 T cell depletion in lymphoid tissue correlated with preferential CXCR4 use in this ex vivo system
- âŠ