Problems of the Metamorphic and Igneous Rocks of the Mojave Desert

The Mojave Desert region, as defined by Baker (1911, pp. 335-336), is the region of desert plains, mountains, and valleys comprising the extreme southwestern portion of the Great Basin (fig. 1). It lies entirely within California, including parts of San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Kern Counties, and embraces an area of approximately 160,000 square miles. Its climate is arid, and the drainage is interior. Because much of the geology of this region is imperfectly known, any discussion of the regional aspects of the metamorphic and igneous rocks must take the form of a progress report. The relatively few published geological reports describe more or less widely separated areas, involve investigations of widely differing scales and qualities, and in general have not been coordinated parts of any broad, systematic program of research. Knowledge of the geology thus is peculiarly spotty, and some apparently critical areas and subjects have been completely neglected. Present knowledge provides a basis for some conclusions, but at the same time it points to numerous problems awaiting solution. This paper is written in an attempt to focus attention upon some of these interesting unsolved problems, as well as to collate the conclusions already reached by various workers

Pediatric sepsis: Important considerations for diagnosing and managing severe infections in infants, children, and adolescents

Sepsis is the leading cause of death in children worldwide. Although the diagnosis and management of sepsis in infants and children is largely influenced by studies done in adults, there are important considerations relevant for pediatrics. This article highlights pediatric-specific issues related to the definition of sepsis and its epidemiology and management. We review how the capacity of the immune system to respond to infection develops over early life. We also bring attention to primary immune deficiencies that should be considered in children recurrently infected with specific types of organisms. The management of pediatric sepsis must be tailored to the child’s age and immune capacity, and to the site, severity, and source of the infection. It is important for clinicians to be aware of infection-related syndromes that primarily affect children. Although children in developed countries are more likely to survive severe infections than adults, many survivors have chronic health impairments

A central role for C1q/TNF-related protein 13 (CTRP13) in modulating food intake and body weight.

C1q/TNF-related protein 13 (CTRP13), a hormone secreted by adipose tissue (adipokines), helps regulate glucose metabolism in peripheral tissues. We previously reported that CTRP13 expression is increased in obese and hyperphagic leptin-deficient mice, suggesting that it may modulate food intake and body weight. CTRP13 is also expressed in the brain, although its role in modulating whole-body energy balance remains unknown. Here, we show that CTRP13 is a novel anorexigenic factor in the mouse brain. Quantitative PCR demonstrated that food restriction downregulates Ctrp13 expression in mouse hypothalamus, while high-fat feeding upregulates expression. Central administration of recombinant CTRP13 suppressed food intake and reduced body weight in mice. Further, CTRP13 and the orexigenic neuropeptide agouti-related protein (AgRP) reciprocally regulate each other's expression in the hypothalamus: central delivery of CTRP13 suppressed Agrp expression, while delivery of AgRP increased Ctrp13 expression. Food restriction alone reduced Ctrp13 and increased orexigenic neuropeptide gene (Npy and Agrp) expression in the hypothalamus; in contrast, when food restriction was coupled to enhanced physical activity in an activity-based anorexia (ABA) mouse model, hypothalamic expression of both Ctrp13 and Agrp were upregulated. Taken together, these results suggest that CTRP13 and AgRP form a hypothalamic feedback loop to modulate food intake and that this neural circuit may be disrupted in an anorexic-like condition

Temporal information extraction from legal documents

The aim of this paper is to analyze what kinds of temporal information can be found in different types of legal documents. In particular, it provides a comparison of different legal document types (case law, statute or transactional document) andit discusses how one can do further reasoning with the extracted temporal information

COTA: Improving the Speed and Accuracy of Customer Support through Ranking and Deep Networks

For a company looking to provide delightful user experiences, it is of paramount importance to take care of any customer issues. This paper proposes COTA, a system to improve speed and reliability of customer support for end users through automated ticket classification and answers selection for support representatives. Two machine learning and natural language processing techniques are demonstrated: one relying on feature engineering (COTA v1) and the other exploiting raw signals through deep learning architectures (COTA v2). COTA v1 employs a new approach that converts the multi-classification task into a ranking problem, demonstrating significantly better performance in the case of thousands of classes. For COTA v2, we propose an Encoder-Combiner-Decoder, a novel deep learning architecture that allows for heterogeneous input and output feature types and injection of prior knowledge through network architecture choices. This paper compares these models and their variants on the task of ticket classification and answer selection, showing model COTA v2 outperforms COTA v1, and analyzes their inner workings and shortcomings. Finally, an A/B test is conducted in a production setting validating the real-world impact of COTA in reducing issue resolution time by 10 percent without reducing customer satisfaction

Separating signal from noise: the challenge of identifying useful biomarkers in sepsis

Abstract Sepsis diagnosis remains based largely on clinical presentation despite significant advances in the understanding of underlying pathophysiology and host-pathogen interactions. The systematic review article by Zonneveld and colleagues in the previous issue of Critical Care describes another potential avenue of study for using biomarkers for sepsis diagnosis and prognostication. Soluble leukocyte adhesion molecules and their associated sheddase enzymes vary in detectable levels and activity in patients in relation to immunologic status, age, and systemic inflammation, including in the setting of sepsis. Unfortunately, studies of these molecules as diagnostic or prognostic aids (or both) in sepsis have thus far been disappointing. Zonneveld and colleagues propose two potential avenues to enhance the performance characteristics of soluble adhesion molecules and their sheddases in sepsis diagnosis and prognosis: (a) identifying age-adjusted normal values for soluble leukocyte adhesion molecules and their sheddases and (b) investigating simultaneous measurement of both soluble adhesion molecules and sheddases in integrated sepsis evaluation schema. This commentary discusses the proposed solutions of Zonneveld and colleagues in more detail and outlines additional considerations that should be addressed in order to develop robust and valid diagnostic and prognostic tools for clinicians managing patients with sepsis.Peer Reviewe

(The) new Christology.

Typewritten sheets in cover. Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Problems of the Metamorphic and Igneous Rocks of the Mojave Desert

The Mojave Desert region, as defined by Baker (1911, pp. 335-336), is the region of desert plains, mountains, and valleys comprising the extreme southwestern portion of the Great Basin (fig. 1). It lies entirely within California, including parts of San Bernardino, Los Angeles and Kern Counties, and embraces an area of approximately 160,000 square miles. Its climate is arid, and the drainage is interior. Because much of the geology of this region is imperfectly known, any discussion of the regional aspects of the metamorphic and igneous rocks must take the form of a progress report. The relatively few published geological reports describe more or less widely separated areas, involve investigations of widely differing scales and qualities, and in general have not been coordinated parts of any broad, systematic program of research. Knowledge of the geology thus is peculiarly spotty, and some apparently critical areas and subjects have been completely neglected. Present knowledge provides a basis for some conclusions, but at the same time it points to numerous problems awaiting solution. This paper is written in an attempt to focus attention upon some of these interesting unsolved problems, as well as to collate the conclusions already reached by various workers