Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationIt has been reported that persons suffering from depression tend to have difficulty retrieving autobiographical memories of events that occurred on a single day in their lives (e.g., "Last Tuesday night in the Student Union"), and tend instead to retrieve memories that encompass a category of events over extended time periods (e.g., "I used to go to the Student Union a lot."). However, the instrument with which this phenomenon is generally measured - the Autobiographical Memory Test (AMT) - appears to confound the effects of at least two separate underlying processes: (1) the inability or unwillingness of depressed persons to remember and comply with the AMT's instruction to retrieve only single-day memories (instruction neglect), and (2) the tendency of depressed persons to have a preponderance of (or easier access to) autobiographical memories that conflate extended time periods and/or categories of events, and to have fewer (or more difficult access to) autobiographical memories of single-day events (autobiographical overgenerality). There are reasons to suppose that both of these processes may be associated with depression and that they both contribute to, and are confounded in, scores on the AMT. This dissertation project employed two different versions of the AMT in an attempt to dissociate these two processes. However, the scores on neither of these tests correlated with measures of depression, depressive rumination, or executive dysfunction. Given the power of this study, these null results are partially interpretable, and a plausible explanation there for is that scores on the standard version of the AMT are driven largely by instruction neglect, but the design of this study inadvertently prevented the detection of that process

The Impact of Shrinkage Reducing Admixtures on the Corrosion of Steel Rebar in Concrete

Chemical admixtures are prepared in modern concrete to control certain performance properties, such as strength, setting-time, and workability. In this research, the corrosion inhibition properties of various shrinkage reducing admixtures in a synthetic concrete pore solution are examined. These compounds can inhibit or promote corrosion of the carbon steel rebar in concrete structures. The corrosive effects were tested by modeling the environment of concrete in a cathodic cell with a similar pH (12-13). Each shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA) was compared to a standard reference cell. Tafel curves were used to determine the corrosion current and potential

"For Faith and for Freedom": American Catholic Manhood and the Holy Name Society in Boston, 1870-1960

Thesis advisor: James M. O'TooleThis dissertation investigates the Holy Name Society, a Catholic men's confraternity that thrived in early-to-mid twentieth-century America, aimed at addressing perceived problems of modernity by curbing blasphemous speech and bringing men back to the regular attendance to the sacraments of the faith. A dual focus on the local Holy Name movement in Boston and the national campaign uncovers the linkages within the organization as its numbers and purposes expanded. Blending the perspective of lived religion with the methods of social and cultural history, the study explores social relationships of Holy Name men pertaining to race, gender, family, and children, and it shows that the institution was the main lens through which its members translated their faith into their daily lives. Holy Name men, for example, entered into the era of Catholic Action long before historians understand that movement to have begun. The institution served as the Catholic counterpart to the predominantly Protestant push for muscular Christianity, combining corporate faith practice with publicly oriented events such as massive rallies and parades. As such, the society became a mouthpiece of the laity, lashing out against anti-Catholic bigotry, defining American Catholic patriotism anew, and offering a particularly strong anticommunist stance. The study uncovers new dimensions in the relationships between the clergy and the laity, it shows that liberal concepts of racial equality came early and met with mixed success in the organization, and it reveals that Catholic laymen at midcentury bore a tremendous responsibility as defenders of their nation, church, wives, and children. The domestic role of Holy Name men, moreover, was much more engaged and leadership-oriented than traditional "separate spheres" assumptions about gender and family relations might suggest. The overarching result is that the study conclusively shows that many of the dramatic changes commonly attributed to the reforms of the Second Vatican Council were in fact underway long before the 1960s. The distinctive era of Holy Name practice described here, however, had begun to decline by the late 1940s, a process accelerated the following decade by the relative decline of Catholic devotional life and larger social forces such as suburbanization.Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2011.Submitted to: Boston College. Graduate School of Arts and Sciences.Discipline: History

Expressively Crafted: Josep Jujol’s Connection to Arts and Crafts Ideals

Josep Maria Jujol (1879&ndash;1949) was an architect working in Barcelona during the city&rsquo;s period of cultural upheaval and modernization. Modernisme was the art movement that encompassed this time period, coming from the international Art Nouveau movement. Jujol worked as a collaborator for many years with Antoni Gaud&iacute; (1852&ndash;1926), a key figure in Barcelona&rsquo;s architectural landscape. Jujol was responsible for the overseeing of various elements and the physical creation of some of the most iconic components of Gaud&iacute;&rsquo;s architecture in Casa Battl&oacute;, Casa Mil&agrave;, and Park G&uuml;ell. Yet, in art history, the work of Jujol has been eclipsed by the narrative of Gaud&iacute;&rsquo;s &ldquo;solo genius.&rdquo; This thesis asserts the importance of Jujol on a global scale by aligning his work as a craftsman and architect with the values of the Arts and Crafts movement. The Arts and Crafts movement valued the handcrafted and the artist&rsquo;s presence in their work, which is something exemplified by Josep Jujol.</p

Annelids and Mollusks from Chemosynthetic Environments of the Pacific Ocean

This dissertation utilized molecular methods to reveal new species of annelids and mollusks from chemosynthetic environments in the Pacific Ocean and examined their biogeography and evolutionary history. Sanger sequencing revealed three new species of Bathymodiolus mussels that are partially restricted by depth at seeps along the Costa Rica Margin, and confirmed the presence of B. thermophilus at a seep with molecular data for the first time. New species of the iphionid Thermiphione and vestimentiferan tube worm Lamellibrachia are also described using a combination of Sanger-sequenced molecular data and morphological data. The close relationship of the new Lamellibrachia species with relatives across the Panama Isthmus suggests a vicariant event post-radiation of Lamellibrachia into the Atlantic. Sanger-sequencing also revealed two putative new species of the vestimentiferan tube worm Alaysia. High-throughput sequencing and mitochondrial genome skimming provided the data necessary to place these new species, as well as the vestimentiferan genera Alaysia and Arcovestia into the phylogeny of Vestimentifera for the first time. Additional sequencing of whole mitochondrial genomes in this group provided the data necessary to generate the most complete mitogenomic phylogeny of Vestimentifera to date. The resulting topology suggests the most recent common ancestor of Vestimentifera was a vent-inhabitant of the Pacific Ocean

Phylogeny of hydrothermal vent Iphionidae, with the description of a new species (Aphroditiformia, Annelida)

The scale-worm family Iphionidae consists of four genera. Of these, Thermiphione has two accepted species, both native to hydrothermal vents in the Pacific Ocean; T. fijiensis Miura, 1994 (West Pacific) and T. tufari Hartmann-Schröder, 1992 (East Pacific Rise). Iphionella is also known from the Pacific, and has two recognized species; Iphionella risensis Pettibone, 1986 (East Pacific Rise, hydrothermal vents) and I. philippinensis Pettibone, 1986 (West Pacific, deep sea). In this study, phylogenetic analyses of Iphionidae from various hydrothermal vent systems of the Pacific Ocean were conducted utilizing morphology and mitochondrial (COI and 16S rRNA) and nuclear (18S and 28S rRNA) genes. The results revealed a new iphionid species, described here as Thermiphione rapanui sp. n. The analyses also demonstrated the paraphyly of Thermiphione, requiring Iphionella risensis to be referred to the genus, as Thermiphione risensis (Pettibone, 1986)

A new Lamellibrachia species and confirmed range extension for Lamellibrachia barhami (Siboglinidae, Annelida) from Costa Rica methane seeps

Mccowin, Marina F., Rouse, Greg W. (2018): A new Lamellibrachia species and confirmed range extension for Lamellibrachia barhami (Siboglinidae, Annelida) from Costa Rica methane seeps. Zootaxa 4504 (1): 1-22, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4504.1.

Lamellibrachia donwalshi Mccowin & Rouse 2018, sp. nov.

Lamellibrachia donwalshi sp. nov. (Figs. 6–11) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: BECD07F4-55CD-499B-B371-32AB404A2DEF Lamellibrachia sp. (Levin et al. 2015) Type-locality: Costa Rica, Eastern Pacific, methane seep known as Mound 12, ~1,000 meters depth; 8.93°N, 84.32°W. Material Examined. Holotype: (SIO-BIC A8382) from type locality, collected by HOV Alvin, Dive 4917, 1 June 2016; fixed in 10% SW formalin, preserved in 50% ethanol, putative male. Paratypes: (SIO-BIC A1341) from type locality, collected by HOV Alvin Dive 4503, 24 February 2009; fixed in 10% SW formalin, preserved in 50% ethanol, two males, seven putative females, (see Table 2). One specimen (MZUCR 402-01) from type locality, collected by HOV Alvin; fixed in 10% SW formalin, preserved in 50% ethanol. Description. Tubes incomplete (broken in sampling), 24–26.5cm long, 9–10mm diameter anteriorly (n = 2; photo of tubes in-situ Fig. 6A). Anterior end of tube slightly curved with mostly long tube collars, occasionally interrupted by two or three short tube collars, but varying among specimens (Fig. 6B). Posterior of tubes smooth, curled, without obvious tube collars (Fig. 6B). Obturaculum length 2.5–9mm (n = 11; holotype 7mm); width 2–8mm (n = 11; holotype 6mm), with bare anterior face, lacking any secreted structures (Figs. 6 C–G). Lateral surface of obturaculum surrounded by branchial plumes (Fig. 6 E–G). 5–11 pairs sheath lamellae (holotype 11 pairs; Figs 6 E–G, 7–9) enclose 10–23 pairs branchial lamellae (holotype 23 pairs; Figs 6G, 8–10) with ciliated pinnules. Ratio of number of branchial lamellae pairs to obturaculum width varied from 1–3.3. Vestimentum length 22–70mm (holotype 70mm), width 3–12mm with vestimental folds curled (Figs 6 C–G, 8A–B, 9B). Anterior vestimentum edge slightly curled forming collar (Figs 8A, 9A); posterior ends of vestimental folds rounded with slight separation at center (Figs 6, 7 A–B, 8A, 9A). Dorsal paired vestimental ciliated grooves run down length of vestimentum (Figs 8B, 9B). In males, grooves flanked by ridge-like, conspicuous epidermal folds, spermatozeugmata observed in trunk (Figs 7 D–E, 8B); conspicuous epidermal folds not present in putative females (Figs 7 A–B, 9B, 10A–D). Both males and females have a few scattered epidermal processes on the internal epidermis of the vestimental cavity (Fig. 10 C–D). All specimens lacking posterior trunks. Anterior portion of trunk (Figs 6 C–D, 7C) filled with fragile trophosome tissue (Fig. 7C). Ventral surface of vestimentum covered in cuticular plaques (Figs 11 A–B), noticeably smaller than those on trunk (Figs 11 C–D). Vestimental plaques measure 33.2–74.7µm in diameter (holotype 41.5– 49.8 µm, Fig. 11B). Surface of trunk covered entirely by cuticular plaques, measuring 51.5–83µm in diameter (holotype 41.5–83µm, Fig. 11D). No plaques on middorsal and midventral lines of trunk. Opisthosoma not recovered. Etymology. Don Walsh was one of the first people to descend to the bottom of the Challenger Deep aboard the bathyscaphe Trieste in 1960. He went on to a distinguished career in oceanography and marine policy. We name Lamellibrachia donwalshi sp. nov. in honor of his contributions to deep sea research and exploration. Distribution. Lamellibrachia donwalshi sp. nov. has only been recovered from a single small area (varies by 0.01 N) and depth range of 999 to 1,040 meters. It was previously noted by Levin et al. (2015) as Lamellibrachia sp. Remarks. Lamellibrachia donwalshi sp. nov. differs morphologically from other Lamellibrachia species in that it has 5–11 sheath lamellae, 10–23 branchial lamellae, and vestimental plaque diameters of 33.2–74.7µm (Table 4). It is not uncommon for ranges of sheath lamellae, branchial lamellae, and plaque diameters to overlap among Lamellibrachia species (Table 4), but no previously described species encompasses the entire range of these morphological traits in L. donwalshi sp. nov. We found no significant correlation between the body size (length and width of obturaculum and vestimentum) and the number of sheath lamellae, branchial lamellae, or plaque diameters (Spearman rank correlation, 11 specimens, P> 0.05). This supports the findings of Kobayashi et al. (2015) that the number of lamellae and the diameters of plaques are independent of growth in adults and can be used for morphological comparison across species. Due to a lack of morphological data for L. sp. 2, we cannot say at this time whether L. donwalshi sp. nov. differs morphologically from this close genetic relative (Fig. 3). However, it clearly differs morphologically from its other close relative, L. anaximandri (Fig. 3), in having greater numbers of sheath lamellae and branchial lamellae and a shorter obturaculum length (Table 4). Lamellibrachia donwalshi sp. nov. also demonstrates some of the smallest vestimental plaque diameters reported for the genus (lower bound of 33.2µm, Table 4), though this range is very close to that of L. sagami and falls partially within the range of plaque diameters for L. anaximandri (also shown in Table 4). Lamellibrachia donwalshi sp. nov. also closely resembles L. sagami in the range of trunk plaque diameters, but numbers of lamellae more closely resemble those of L. columna (Table 4).Published as part of Mccowin, Marina F. & Rouse, Greg W., 2018, A new Lamellibrachia species and confirmed range extension for Lamellibrachia barhami (Siboglinidae, Annelida) from Costa Rica methane seeps, pp. 1-22 in Zootaxa 4504 (1) on pages 5-14, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/260611