Technology in the English Composition Classroom: Freshman Composition Students Using the Internet to Plan Assignments and Conduct Research.

The use of computer and electronic communication and network technology is becoming increasingly important not only in society in general, but also in the college-level English composition classroom. These technologies amount to what some researchers term multilayered literacies or new grammars. However, there have been few systematic studies of how students actually use these technologies. The current research presents a descriptive/naturalistic study of how students both learn and use the new electronic technologies as they accomplish research for, and respond to, a college-level writing assignment. This study examines the use of computers and networks by eight case study participants in two Internet Emphasis English Composition courses that were held during the 1996 spring semester at Louisiana State University. Using a methodology that included recorded observations, interviews with students and teachers, questionnaires, student logs, and analysis of e-mail messages, this researcher closely followed the work of these eight students during a major unit of the semester. This study found that students expect to use technology in their composition courses, that they are able to use it effectively, and that Internet and network resources provide them with useful information. This study also found that using computers and electronic technology plays an important role in essay planning and prewriting activities. Moreover, computers and networks can help students to shape their writing in several important ways. This study also sounds a cautionary note. While the results generally show that technology can be useful to college composition students as they plan and conduct research for their assignments, it also details several very significant, and heretofore unpublished, problems that can occur. For example, there is a risk that students in collaborative groups may assign writing tasks based more on the availability of computers to individual group members than on other, less restrictive criteria. Finally, this study outlines general problems that can occur when too much reliance is placed on hardware and software that is out-of-date or unreliable for other reasons

Filter Settle Time for Signal Processing Applications

In this paper, the step modulated sine wave [u(t)Asin2πft] response of the low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass filters are evaluated. Butterworth filters from the first order on up to the ideal filter are analyzed, and expressions for the settle times developed. The longest settle time occurs for the ideal filter, with all other filters taking progressively less time to settle as the order decreases. A significant point is that the transient settle time for a filter depends on the difference in applied signal frequency and the filter cut off frequency. The set of expressions developed in this report are primarily intended to be sued in selecting programming time delays in computer based signal measurement and processing systems

Analysing Housing Market Affordability in Northern Ireland: towards a better understanding

Purpose The purpose of this research is to examine the nature of housing market affordability. Although the problem of housing affordability has been widely discussed, the theoretical underpinnings of the concept have received less attention. It has become increasingly evident that more holistic insights and integrated approaches are needed to provide a platform to define affordability to influence research and policy discourse. Design/methodology/approach Given the increasing importance of affordability within housing policy reform, this paper seeks to “unearth” the most important prognosticators of affordability. The paper uses principal component analysis to determine how affordability, as a key policy tool, should be analysed. In addition, co integration techniques, Granger causality and impulse response analysis are applied to test the movement and shocks of the key affordability indicators and the two common affordability metrics. Findings The principal conclusions stemming from this paper demonstrate that affordability is a multifaceted policy concept influenced by financial access (purchase) costs and the repayment costs of housing services which are correlated and interchangeable but significantly were found not to be co integrated. Originality/value Understanding the nature of housing market affordability remains problem for policy-makers. This paper adds to the debate and empirical understanding of the cyclic nature of affordability and how it is defined. It shows that there are intricate causal short-term relationships between the key affordability indicators. This is problematic for contemporary housing policy and the key directions in which policy must turn. </jats:sec