Harnessing social tipping dynamics: A systems approach for accelerating decarbonization

Social tipping points are promising levers for accelerating decarbonization progress. They describe how social, political, economic, or technological systems can move rapidly into a new state if positive feedback mechanisms are triggered. Analyzing the potential for social tipping requires the inherent complexity of social systems to be considered. Yet the growing social tipping literature is missing a practical framework that embeds conceptual and empirical aspects of complex feedback processes. In this perspective, we propose a dynamic systems approach that can contextualize conceptual social tipping mechanisms into practical interventions, and map the key feedback mechanisms underlying tipping dynamics across systems and scales. Our approach has three main components: a systems outlook involving interconnected feedback mechanisms; directed data collection for empirical evidence and monitoring tipping dynamics; and global, integrated, descriptive modeling to project future dynamics and provide ex ante evidence for tipping interventions. We demonstrate how and why this approach should shape a broad agenda to strengthen the viability and effectiveness of social tipping research

COLECCIONES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD POPULAR DE VALLESECO. TALLER DE GENEALOGÍA DEL AYUNTAMIENTO. [Material gráfico]

Copia digital. Madrid : Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte. Subdirección General de Coordinación Bibliotecaria, 201

Terminal transferase expression in relapsed acute myeloid leukaemia

In three cases of acute myeloid leukaemia marked increases in expression of the nuclear enzyme, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT), were observed during disease relapse. The first case was heterogeneous at diagnosis, consisting of subpopulations of large TdT- myeloblasts and small TDT+ blasts; however, at relapse there was complete replacement by TdT+ lymphoblasts. The other cases at diagnosis were both typical acute myeloid leukaemia, TdT-; at relapse, one showed a mixture of TdT- myeloblasts and TdT+ lymphoblasts, while in the other, TdT was demonstrated on a subpopulation of myeloblasts. No chromosomal abnormalities were found. It is suggested that in the first two cases these phenomena may have been due to leukaemic involvement of a pluripotential stem cell, or that sub-clones with different properties may have coexisted. In the third case at relapse, TdT was expressed aberrantly by malignant myeloid cells

Variability of megathrust earthquakes in the world revealed by the 2011 Tohoku-oki Earthquake

The seismicity of the Pacific coast of Tohoku, Japan has been investigated in detail and characterized into regional seismic segments. The 2011 megathrust earthquake of Mw9.0 on 11 March ruptured almost all of the segments in that area, causing devastating tsunami. The prime factor that had not been recognized before is the double segmentation along the Japan trench: The apparent absence of earthquakes in the trench-ward segments as opposed to the Japan Island-ward segments that have repeated smaller earthquakes. We term this pattern of seismic activity along-dip double segmentation (ADDS). The 2011 Tohoku megathrust is typical of a class of great earthquakes different from that of the 1960 Chile, in which a young and buoyant plate is subducting rapidly under the continental plate. In the 1960 Chile case, the seismic activity is characterized by along-strike single segmentation (ASSS), where there is weak seismic activity before the main event all over the plate interface of the subduction zone. We study the greatest earthquakes around the world and find that there is a variety of megathrust earthquakes characterized by ASSS to ADDS, where the 2004 Sumatra- Andaman, the 1960 Chile, the 1964 Alaska and the 2011 Tohoku-oki earthquakes are typical end-members