15 research outputs found
Optical pump-rejection filter based on silicon sub-wavelength engineered photonic structures
The high index contrast of the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform allows the
realization of ultra-compact photonic circuits. However, this high contrast
hinders the implementation of narrow-band Bragg filters. These typically
require corrugations widths of a few nanometers or double-etch geometries,
hampering device fabrication. Here we report, for the first time, on the
realization of SOI Bragg filters based on sub-wavelength index engineering in a
differential corrugation width configuration. The proposed double periodicity
structure allows narrow-band rejection with a single etch step and relaxed
width constraints. Based on this concept, we experimentally demonstrate a
single-etch, thick, Si Bragg filter featuring a corrugation
width of , a rejection bandwidth of and an
extinction ratio exceeding . This represents a ten-fold width
increase compared to conventional single-periodicity, single-etch counterparts
with similar bandwidths
Generation and manipulation of entangled photonic states for quantum communication and metrology
Après une première révolution quantique marquée par l'avènement de la physique quantique et de ses lois contre-intuitives, le monde du XXIe siècle est en proie à une seconde révolution articulée autour des technologies quantiques. Ces dernières promettent un bouleversement important dans les domaines de la communication, du calcul, de la simulation et de la métrologie. Dans cette thèse, nous abordons deux des quatre sous-domaines cités précédemment, à savoir ceux de la communication et de la métrologie quantique. Le mot d'ordre rassemblant ces travaux est l'intrication. En effet, nous montrons que, grâce à cette propriété fondamentale, les performances des systèmes de communication et de métrologie standards peuvent être surpassés. Ainsi, nous présentons comment générer ces états intriqués responsables de l'avantage quantique, et ce sur différentes plateformes technologiques. La première plateforme exploitée est le silicium. Récente pour la photonique, elle combine des avantages de maturité permettant l'intégration de nombreuses structures micrométriques sur une même puce, avec des propriétés non-linéaires, basés sur des processus d'ordre 3, efficaces. Le silicium se destine alors à de nombreuses applications comme nous le montrons en générant des paires de photons intriqués démultiplexés spectralement et directement compatibles avec les réseaux de télécommunications standards. La seconde plateforme que nous présentons est le niobate de lithium. Cette dernière, très exploitée dans bon nombres de travaux en photonique quantique, possède une efficacité de génération de paires de photons intriqués très importante, notamment grâce à l'exploitation de processus non-linéaires d'ordre 2. Nous détaillons une expérience de génération d'états hyper-intriqués, qui, à l'instar du silicium, est orientée vers le domaine de la communication quantique. Enfin, nous exploitons aussi ces paires de photons intriqués combinés à des méthodes d'interférométrie quantique afin de réaliser une expérience de métrologie quantique. Le but de cette dernière étant de mesurer avec une précision inédite la différence d'indices de réfraction de fibres bi-coeurs.After a first quantum revolution marked by the advent of quantum physics and its counter-intuitive laws, the XXIst century is in the throes of a second quantum revolution based on quantum technologies. These promises a major upheaval in the areas of communication, calculation, simulation and metrology. In this thesis, we address two of the four subdomains mentioned above, namely those of communication and quantum metrology. The main word bringing together these works is entanglement. Indeed, we show that, thanks to this fundamental property, the performances of standard communication and metrology systems can be surpassed. Thus, we present how to generate these entangled states responsible for the quantum advantage, and this on two technological platforms. The first platform exploited is silicon. The latter, recent for photonics, combines the advantages of maturity allowing the integration of many micrometric structures on the same chip, with efficient non-linear properties, based on third order process. Silicon is then destined for many applications as we show by generating pairs of spectrally demultiplexed entangled photons directly compatible with standard telecommunication networks. The second platform we present is lithium niobate. The latter, widely used in many quantum photonics demonstrations, has a very important efficiency of entangled photon pairs generation, notably thanks to the exploitation of second order non-linear process. We detail an experiment of hyper-entangled states generation, which, like silicon, is oriented towards the domain of quantum communication. Finally, we also exploit these pairs of entangled photons combined with quantum interferometry methods to realize a quantum metrology experiment. The purpose is to measure with unprecedented precision the refractive indices difference of dual-core fibers
Génération et manipulation d'états photoniques intriqués pour la communication et la métrologie quantiques
After a first quantum revolution marked by the advent of quantum physics and its counter-intuitive laws, the XXIst century is in the throes of a second quantum revolution based on quantum technologies. These promises a major upheaval in the areas of communication, calculation, simulation and metrology. In this thesis, we address two of the four subdomains mentioned above, namely those of communication and quantum metrology. The main word bringing together these works is entanglement. Indeed, we show that, thanks to this fundamental property, the performances of standard communication and metrology systems can be surpassed. Thus, we present how to generate these entangled states responsible for the quantum advantage, and this on two technological platforms. The first platform exploited is silicon. The latter, recent for photonics, combines the advantages of maturity allowing the integration of many micrometric structures on the same chip, with efficient non-linear properties, based on third order process. Silicon is then destined for many applications as we show by generating pairs of spectrally demultiplexed entangled photons directly compatible with standard telecommunication networks. The second platform we present is lithium niobate. The latter, widely used in many quantum photonics demonstrations, has a very important efficiency of entangled photon pairs generation, notably thanks to the exploitation of second order non-linear process. We detail an experiment of hyper-entangled states generation, which, like silicon, is oriented towards the domain of quantum communication. Finally, we also exploit these pairs of entangled photons combined with quantum interferometry methods to realize a quantum metrology experiment. The purpose is to measure with unprecedented precision the refractive indices difference of dual-core fibers.Après une première révolution quantique marquée par l'avènement de la physique quantique et de ses lois contre-intuitives, le monde du XXIe siècle est en proie à une seconde révolution articulée autour des technologies quantiques. Ces dernières promettent un bouleversement important dans les domaines de la communication, du calcul, de la simulation et de la métrologie. Dans cette thèse, nous abordons deux des quatre sous-domaines cités précédemment, à savoir ceux de la communication et de la métrologie quantique. Le mot d'ordre rassemblant ces travaux est l'intrication. En effet, nous montrons que, grâce à cette propriété fondamentale, les performances des systèmes de communication et de métrologie standards peuvent être surpassés. Ainsi, nous présentons comment générer ces états intriqués responsables de l'avantage quantique, et ce sur différentes plateformes technologiques. La première plateforme exploitée est le silicium. Récente pour la photonique, elle combine des avantages de maturité permettant l'intégration de nombreuses structures micrométriques sur une même puce, avec des propriétés non-linéaires, basés sur des processus d'ordre 3, efficaces. Le silicium se destine alors à de nombreuses applications comme nous le montrons en générant des paires de photons intriqués démultiplexés spectralement et directement compatibles avec les réseaux de télécommunications standards. La seconde plateforme que nous présentons est le niobate de lithium. Cette dernière, très exploitée dans bon nombres de travaux en photonique quantique, possède une efficacité de génération de paires de photons intriqués très importante, notamment grâce à l'exploitation de processus non-linéaires d'ordre 2. Nous détaillons une expérience de génération d'états hyper-intriqués, qui, à l'instar du silicium, est orientée vers le domaine de la communication quantique. Enfin, nous exploitons aussi ces paires de photons intriqués combinés à des méthodes d'interférométrie quantique afin de réaliser une expérience de métrologie quantique. Le but de cette dernière étant de mesurer avec une précision inédite la différence d'indices de réfraction de fibres bi-coeurs
Polarization selective ultra-braodband wavelength conversion in silicon nitride waveguide
We report broadband continuous-wave frequency conversion from the O-band (1.33 μm) to the short-wave infrared (2.6 μm) in a 50 cm long low-loss Si3N4 waveguide, leveraging polarization selective far-detuned phase matching
Thermally resilient depressed-index core fully-aperiodic-large-pitch fiber for high average power operation (Conference Presentation)
International audienc
Quantum-limited determination of refractive index difference by means of entanglement
International audienceShaping single-mode operation in high-power fibers requires a precise knowledge of the gain-medium optical properties. This requires precise measurements of the refractive index differences (Δn) between the core and the cladding of the fiber. We exploit a quantum optical method based on low-coherence Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry to perform practical measurements of the refractive index difference using broadband energy-time entangled photons. The precision enhancement reached with this method is benchmarked with a classical method based on single photon interferometry. We show in classical regime an improvement by an order of magnitude of the precision compared to already reported classical methods. Strikingly, in the quantum regime, we demonstrate an extra factor of 4 on the precision enhancement, exhibiting a state-of-the-art Δn precision of 6 × 10. This work sets the quantum photonics metrology as a powerful characterization tool that should enable a faster and reliable design of materials dedicated to light amplification
Coherency‐Broken Bragg Filters: Overcoming On‐Chip Rejection Limitations
[EN] Selective optical filters with high rejection levels are of fundamental importance for a wide range of advanced photonic circuits. However, the implementation of high-rejection on-chip optical filters is seriously hampered by phase errors arising from fabrication imperfections. Due to coherent interactions, unwanted phase-shifts result in detrimental destructive interferences that distort the filter response, whatever the chosen strategy (resonators, interferometers, Bragg filters, etc.). State-of-the-art high-rejection filters partially circumvent the sensitivity to phase errors by means of active tuning, complicating device fabrication and operation. Here, a new approach based on coherency-broken Bragg filters is proposed to overcome this fundamental limitation. Non-coherent interaction among modal-engineered waveguide Bragg gratings separated by single-mode waveguides is exploited to yield effective cascading, even in the presence of phase errors. This technologically independent approach allows seamless combination of filter stages with moderate performance free of active control, providing a dramatic increase of on-chip rejection. Based on this concept, on-chip non-coherent cascading of Si Bragg filters is experimentally demonstrated, achieving a light rejection exceeding 80 dB, the largest value reported for an all-passive silicon filter.This work has been partially funded by the Agence Nationale de la
Recherche (ANR-SITQOM-15-CE24-0005, ANR-MIRSPEC-17-CE09-0041)
and the H2020 European Research Council (ERC) (ERC POPSTAR
647342). The fabrication of the device was performed at the Plateforme
de Micro-Nano-Technologie/C2N, which is partially funded by the Conseil
Général de l'Essonne. This work was partly supported by the French RENATECH network.Oser, D.; Mazeas, F.; Le Roux, X.; Pérez-Galacho, D.; Alibart, O.; Tanzilli, S.; Labonté, L.... (2019). Coherency-Broken Bragg Filters: Overcoming On-Chip Rejection Limitations. Laser & Photonics Review. 13(8):1-8. https://doi.org/10.1002/lpor.20180022618138Fernández Gavela, A., Grajales García, D., Ramirez, J., & Lechuga, L. (2016). Last Advances in Silicon-Based Optical Biosensors. Sensors, 16(3), 285. doi:10.3390/s16030285Knill, E., Laflamme, R., & Milburn, G. J. (2001). A scheme for efficient quantum computation with linear optics. Nature, 409(6816), 46-52. doi:10.1038/35051009Cheben, P., Schmid, J. H., Wang, S., Xu, D.-X., Vachon, M., Janz, S., … Picard, M.-J. (2015). Broadband polarization independent nanophotonic coupler for silicon waveguides with ultra-high efficiency. 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