5,327 research outputs found
The synthesis of potential antimalarials. Derivatives of pantoyltaurine
The general hypothesis as to the mode of action of chemotherapeutic agents, which has been formulated by Fildes, Woods, McIlwain, and others (2), offers a rational and useful guide to the design of new drugs. Thus, bacteriostasis is pictured as caused by the blocking of reactions essential to growth by an inhibiting substance which has a structure similar to that of one of the normal enzymes or metabolites essential to the growth of the organism
Microwave power transmission system studies. Volume 2: Introduction, organization, environmental and spaceborne systems analyses
Introduction, organization, analyses, conclusions, and recommendations for each of the spaceborne subsystems are presented. Environmental effects - propagation analyses are presented with appendices covering radio wave diffraction by random ionospheric irregularities, self-focusing plasma instabilities and ohmic heating of the D-region. Analyses of dc to rf conversion subsystems and system considerations for both the amplitron and the klystron are included with appendices for the klystron covering cavity circuit calculations, output power of the solenoid-focused klystron, thermal control system, and confined flow focusing of a relativistic beam. The photovoltaic power source characteristics are discussed as they apply to interfacing with the power distribution flow paths, magnetic field interaction, dc to rf converter protection, power distribution including estimates for the power budget, weights, and costs. Analyses for the transmitting antenna consider the aperture illumination and size, with associated efficiencies and ground power distributions. Analyses of subarray types and dimensions, attitude error, flatness, phase error, subarray layout, frequency tolerance, attenuation, waveguide dimensional tolerances, mechanical including thermal considerations are included. Implications associated with transportation, assembly and packaging, attitude control and alignment are discussed. The phase front control subsystem, including both ground based pilot signal driven adaptive and ground command approaches with their associated phase errors, are analyzed
Microwave Power Transmission System Studies. Volume 1: Executive Summary
A study of microwave power generation, transmission, reception and control was conducted as a part of a program to demonstrate the feasibility of power transmission from geosynchronous orbit. A summary is presented of results concerning design approaches, estimated costs (ROM), critical technology, associated ground and orbital test programs with emphasis on dc to rf conversion, transmitting antenna, phase control, mechanical systems, flight operations, ground power receiving-rectifying antenna with systems analysis, and evaluation. Recommendations for early further in-depth studies complementing the technology program are included
Co-evolution of strategy and structure in complex networks with dynamical linking
Here we introduce a model in which individuals differ in the rate at which
they seek new interactions with others, making rational decisions modeled as
general symmetric two-player games. Once a link between two individuals has
formed, the productivity of this link is evaluated. Links can be broken off at
different rates. We provide analytic results for the limiting cases where
linking dynamics is much faster than evolutionary dynamics and vice-versa, and
show how the individual capacity of forming new links or severing inconvenient
ones maps into the problem of strategy evolution in a well-mixed population
under a different game. For intermediate ranges, we investigate numerically the
detailed interplay determined by these two time-scales and show that the scope
of validity of the analytical results extends to a much wider ratio of time
scales than expected
Selection of dynamical rules in spatial Prisoner's Dilemma games
We study co-evolutionary Prisoner's Dilemma games where each player can
imitate both the strategy and imitation rule from a randomly chosen neighbor
with a probability dependent on the payoff difference when the player's income
is collected from games with the neighbors. The players, located on the sites
of a two-dimensional lattice, follow unconditional cooperation or defection and
use individual strategy adoption rule described by a parameter. If the system
is started from a random initial state then the present co-evolutionary rule
drives the system towards a state where only one evolutionary rule remains
alive even in the coexistence of cooperative and defective behaviors. The final
rule is related to the optimum providing the highest level of cooperation and
affected by the topology of the connectivity structure.Comment: 5 two-column pages, 3 figure
Effects of precompetition state anxiety interventions on performance time and accuracy among amateur soccer players: Revisiting the matching hypothesis
In this study, we tested the matching ypothesis, which contends that administration of a cognitive or somatic anxiety intervention should be matched to a participant's dominant anxiety response. Sixty-one male soccer players (mean age 31.6 years, s=6.3) were assigned to one of four groups based on their responses to the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2, which was modified to include a directional scale. Interventions were randomly administered in a counterbalanced order 10 min before each performance trial on a soccer skill test. The dominantly cognitive anxious group (n=17), the dominantly somatic anxious group (n=17), and the non-anxious control intervention group (n=14) completed a baseline performance trial. The second and third trials were completed with random administration of brief cognitive and somatic interventions. The non-anxious control group (n=13) completed three trials with no intervention. A mixed-model, GroupTreatment multivariate analysis of variance indicated significant (P0.05), or performance time or accuracy (P>0.05). The present findings do not provide support for the matching hypothesis for state anxiety intensity and direction, or for performance
Selection of noise level in strategy adoption for spatial social dilemmas
We studied spatial Prisoner's Dilemma and Stag Hunt games where both the
strategy distribution and the players' individual noise level could evolve to
reach higher individual payoff. Players are located on the sites of different
two-dimensional lattices and gain their payoff from games with their neighbors
by choosing unconditional cooperation or defection. The way of strategy
adoption can be characterized by a single (temperature-like) parameter
describing how strongly adoptions depend on the payoff-difference. If we start
the system from a random strategy distribution with many different player
specific parameters, the simultaneous evolution of strategies and
parameters drives the system to a final stationary state where only one
value remains. In the coexistence phase of cooperator and defector strategies
the surviving parameter is in good agreement with the noise level that
ensures the highest cooperation level if uniform is supposed for all
players. In this paper we give a thorough overview about the properties of this
evolutionary process.Comment: 10 two-column pages, 10 figures; accepted for publication in Physical
Review
Explorer 45 (S 3-A) observations of the magnetosphere and magnetopause during the 4-5 August 1972, magnetic storm period
The Explorer 45 satellite performed extensive field and particle measurements in the heart of the magnetosphere during the double magnetic storm period of August 4-5, 1972. Both ground level magnetic records and the magnetic field deformations measured along the orbit by the satellite indicated the existence of only a moderate ring current. This was confirmed by the measurements of the total proton energy density less than those observed during the December 1971 and June 1972 magnetic storms. The plasmapause in the noon quadrant was eroded continuously from the onset of the first storm at the beginning of August 4 to an altitude below L = 2.07 at about 18 hours on August 5. During the orbit containing the second sudden commencement a large amount of low frequency electric and magnetic field noise was encountered throughout the entire orbit. A noteworthy observation during this orbit was the contraction of the magnetopause to distances inside the satellite at L = 5.2
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