Space-Time Singularities and the Kahler Cone

We review recent results on the interplay between the five-dimensional space-time and the internal manifold in Calabi-Yau compactifications of M-theory. Black string, black hole and domain wall solutions as well as Kasner type cosmologies cannot develop a naked singularity as long as the moduli take values inside the Kahler cone.Comment: 8 pages, latex, uses fortschritte.sty, contributed to the proceedings of the 36th International Symposium Ahrenshoop, Berlin, August 26-30, 200

Letter to Sonora Dodd from Frank E. Mayer, July 23, 1913

Letter to Sonora Dodd from Frank E. Mayer, Business Manager, Office of the Interantional Sunday School Association, Chicago, Illinois. Fourteenth International Convention, Chicago, June 23-30, 1914.https://digitalcommons.whitworth.edu/fathers-day-correspondence/1015/thumbnail.jp

Variations of porosity in calcareous sediments from the Ontong Java Plateau

Based on index properties measurements made on board the JOIDES Resolution, we studied porosity changes with depth in the fairly homogeneous deep-sea calcareous sediments cored during Ocean Drilling Program Leg 130 on the Ontong Java Plateau. Using Leg 130 data, we present evidence that the rate of porosity decrease with burial in calcareous oozes and chalks is related to the depth of deposition and thus probably depends on the conditioning of calcareous sediments by winnowing or dissolution processes during the time of deposition. The ooze-to-chalk transition is not clearly reflected in porosity profiles. In the ooze-chalk sections studied (the upper 600 mbsf), mechanical compaction is most likely the major process controlling the porosity decrease with depth of burial, whereas the chalk-limestone transition (at about 1100 mbsf at Site 807) is characterized by an intense chemical compaction leading to a drastic decrease in porosity values within 100 m. In oozes and chalks, porosity values were corrected to original (uncompacted) values using site-specific empirical regression equations. When plotted vs. age, corrected porosity profiles appear to correlate quite well from site to site in the sediments deposited during the last 15 m.y. This observation has considerable implications for seismic stratigraphy. Our attempt to correlate variations in porosity (or wet-bulk density) profiles with changes in carbonate content remained unsatisfactory. Index properties changes are likely caused by changes in the foraminifer content. If this is the case, we propose that large-scale porosity fluctuations that correlate from site to site are the result of changes in the surface productivity that lead to changes in the foraminifers-to-nannofossils ratio

P4CEP: Towards In-Network Complex Event Processing

In-network computing using programmable networking hardware is a strong trend in networking that promises to reduce latency and consumption of server resources through offloading to network elements (programmable switches and smart NICs). In particular, the data plane programming language P4 together with powerful P4 networking hardware has spawned projects offloading services into the network, e.g., consensus services or caching services. In this paper, we present a novel case for in-network computing, namely, Complex Event Processing (CEP). CEP processes streams of basic events, e.g., stemming from networked sensors, into meaningful complex events. Traditionally, CEP processing has been performed on servers or overlay networks. However, we argue in this paper that CEP is a good candidate for in-network computing along the communication path avoiding detouring streams to distant servers to minimize communication latency while also exploiting processing capabilities of novel networking hardware. We show that it is feasible to express CEP operations in P4 and also present a tool to compile CEP operations, formulated in our P4CEP rule specification language, to P4 code. Moreover, we identify challenges and problems that we have encountered to show future research directions for implementing full-fledged in-network CEP systems.Comment: 6 pages. Author's versio

Phonology and intonation

The encoding standards for phonology and intonation are designed to facilitate consistent annotation of the phonological and intonational aspects of information structure, in languages across a range ofprosodic types. The guidelines are designed with the aim that a nonspecialist in phonology can both implement and interpret the resulting annotation

Data-dependent visualization of biological networks in the web-browser with NDExEdit

Networks are a common methodology used to capture increasingly complex associations between biological entities. They serve as a resource of biological knowledge for bioinformatics analyses, and also comprise the subsequent results. However, the interpretation of biological networks is challenging and requires suitable visualizations dependent on the contained information. The most prominent software in the field for the visualization of biological networks is Cytoscape, a desktop modeling environment also including many features for analysis. A further challenge when working with networks is their distribution. Within a typical collaborative workflow, even slight changes of the network data force one to repeat the visualization step as well. Also, just minor adjustments to the visual representation not only need the networks to be transferred back and forth. Collaboration on the same resources requires specific infrastructure to avoid redundancies, or worse, the corruption of the data. A well-established solution is provided by the NDEx platform where users can upload a network, share it with selected colleagues or make it publicly available. NDExEdit is a web-based application where simple changes can be made to biological networks within the browser, and which does not require installation. With our tool, plain networks can be enhanced easily for further usage in presentations and publications. Since the network data is only stored locally within the web browser, users can edit their private networks without concerns of unintentional publication. The web tool is designed to conform to the Cytoscape Exchange (CX) format as a data model, which is used for the data transmission by both tools, Cytoscape and NDEx. Therefore the modified network can be directly exported to the NDEx platform or saved as a compatible CX file, additionally to standard image formats like PNG and JPEG

Dietary Supplement Use in Young Elite Athletes and School Children Aged 11 to 13 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study Design

Objective: Information about dietary supplement (DS) use in young German athletes beginning their sporting career is scarce and possible differences to their non-athlete counterparts are unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze DS use in young elite German athletes (A) and non-athlete (NA) controls. Method: During pre-participation examinations, 562 athletes (323m/239f, 11.7±0.6 years) and 69 non-athletes (12m/57f; 12.5±0.5 years) answered a standardized questionnaire analyzing the prevalence of DS use, reasons for intake, and sources of information. Group differences were analyzed with Chi² test (α=0.05). Results: 14% of A and 20% of NA used DS, with no statistically significant differences between groups (p=0.231). Magnesium (A: 35%; NA: 36%) and calcium (A: 28%; NA: 7%) were the most frequently used minerals. Vitamin C (A: 37%; NA: 36%) and multi-vitamin supplements (A: 40%; NA: 29%) were the most often used vitamins. The main reason for DS intake was for health improvement (A: 77%; NA: 71%). The main information source was cited as their parents (A: 66%, NA: 71%). Discussion: Young German athletes beginning their sporting career show similar supplementation habits astheir non-athletic counterparts. Compared to the literature, prevalence of DS use amongst the observed athletes is low. This is likely to increase with age and growing performance level. Keeping that and possible doping infractions or overdoses in mind, nutritional education should start early in ones sporting career and should include the parents

Evaluation of Building Analysis Approaches as a Basis for the Energy Improvement of City Districts

Municipalities in Germany develop policy plans referred to as 'Energetische Quartierskonzepte' (EQ, pl. EQs) to lower and decarbonize the energy consumption of existing buildings in whole city districts. These EQs describe the status-quo, a strategy, and measures for the energy-related improvement of a district based on an initial analysis of the buildings in the considered area. We study 25 publicly available reports of German EQs to identify common state-of-the-art approaches for the analysis of buildings on district scale, summarizing their strengths and weaknesses. We extract ten approaches that are currently applied in practice. Overall, we could not find any connection between the year of the EQ publication, the district size, and the type and quantity of analysis approaches used. The most common approaches for obtaining data for building analyses are the use of representative building typologies, on-site inspections of buildings, datasets from network-operators, and citizen surveys. The main weaknesses of the assessed approaches are for example inaccuracies due to simplifying assumptions, inconsistent data formats from different data sources, and problems due to data protection restrictions. The standardization, combination, and further development of the assessed approaches are recommended

Reliability of a Fully Automated Interpretation of

Background: Analysis of γ-H2AX foci is a promising approach to evaluate exercise-induced DNA damage. However, baseline levels and day-to-day variability of γ-H2AX foci have not been investigated in healthy subjects at rest. Methods: Blood was taken from eight moderately trained healthy males (29 ± 3 yrs, 1.84 ± 0.03 m, and 85 ± 6 kg) at two separate days (M1/M2) after 24-hour exercise cessation. Number of γ-H2AX foci per 100 lymphocytes (N), number of foci per affected lymphocyte (NAL), percentage of affected lymphocytes (PAL), and diameter (D) of γ-H2AX foci were analyzed (mean ± SD). Differences between M1 and M2 were analyzed using paired t-tests (α = 0.05). Day-to-day variability was evaluated by calculating the coefficients of variation (CV%), bias, and limits of agreement (LoA). Results: There were no statistically significant differences between M1 (N: 7.6 ± 4.4, NAL: 1.2 ± 0.2, PAL: 5.9 ± 2.6%, and D: 0.63 ± 0.07) and M2 (N: 8.4 ± 4.6, NAL: 1.3 ± 0.1, PAL: 6.9 ± 4.2%, and D: 0.66 ± 0.06). CV was calculated to be 98.5% (N), 88.9% (PAL), 11.3% (NAL), and 8.0% (D). Bias (LoA) was 0.75 (-15.2/13.7), -0.02 (-0.36/0.33), -1.0 (-11.9/9.9), and -0.04 (-0.16/0.09), respectively. Conclusions: Background level in healthy subjects is approximately 0.07 to 0.09 γ-H2AX foci/cell. NAL and D are reliable measures