"Der Staat sollte einen Arbeitsplatz für jeden bereitstellen, der arbeiten will ..."

In diesem Beitrag wird anhand des International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) 1995/96 ein Vergleich der Einstellungen der Bevölkerungen in 24 Ländern zu verschiedenen Aspekten der Beschäftigungs- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik durchgeführt. Ausgehend von einer Klassifizierung der verglichenen Staaten in 6 Typen von Arbeitsmarktsystemen wird zunächst dargestellt, welche Relevanz der Beschäftigungs- und Arbeitsmarktpolitik im Rahmen verschiedener Politikbereiche zukommt. Sodann werden die Unterschiede in den Einstellungen zwischen und innerhalb der sechs Typen von Arbeitsmarktsystemen beschrieben. Schließlich wird durch eine multivariate Analyse untersucht, welche individuellen und makrostrukturellen Merkmale zur Herausformung dieser Einstellungen beitragen. Es scheint weniger auf die Zustimmung oder Ablehnung von beschäftigungspolitischen Maßnahmen an sich anzukommen, wenn es um die Erfolge in arbeitsmarktpolitischer Hinsicht geht, als vielmehr um die Konsistenz eines Beschäftigungssystems insgesamt, der damit verbundenen politischen Ziele wie auch der Einstellungen der Bevölkerung.In this paper, an international comparative analysis of population attitudes towards an employment and labour market policy is carried out. Data are taken from the International Social Survey Programme 1996 (Role of Government III) which included about 26.000 persons in 24 nations around the world. After developing five general hypotheses, we classify the countries compared into 6 types of labour market systems (liberal, corporative, conservative-corporative, egalitarian-inclusive, transformation economies, others). The findings show that there exist significant differences between the countries and labour market types in the support of a labour market policy. General determinants of these attitudes include the level of development and unemployment of a country, and several individual-level variables (socioeconomic status, religion and political affiliation). It is concluded that a successful employment and labour market policy depends strongly on a consistent relationship between institutional and structural preconditions, the policies pursued and the attitudes and behaviours of the population. In this way, we can explain the paradox that both a very liberal and a very egalitarian-inclusive labour market policy seem to be most effective in producing a dynamic employment system and low levels of unemployment

Detection and 3D modelling of vehicles from terrestrial stereo image pairs

The detection and pose estimation of vehicles plays an important role for automated and autonomous moving objects e.g. in autonomous driving environments. We tackle that problem on the basis of street level stereo images, obtained from a moving vehicle. Processing every stereo pair individually, our approach is divided into two subsequent steps: the vehicle detection and the modelling step. For the detection, we make use of the 3D stereo information and incorporate geometric assumptions on vehicle inherent properties in a firstly applied generic 3D object detection. By combining our generic detection approach with a state of the art vehicle detector, we are able to achieve satisfying detection results with values for completeness and correctness up to more than 86%. By fitting an object specific vehicle model into the vehicle detections, we are able to reconstruct the vehicles in 3D and to derive pose estimations as well as shape parameters for each vehicle. To deal with the intra-class variability of vehicles, we make use of a deformable 3D active shape model learned from 3D CAD vehicle data in our model fitting approach. While we achieve encouraging values up to 67.2% for correct position estimations, we are facing larger problems concerning the orientation estimation. The evaluation is done by using the object detection and orientation estimation benchmark of the KITTI dataset (Geiger et al., 2012).DFG/GRK/215

Beta: Bioprinting engineering technology for academia

Higher STEM education is a field of growing potential, but too many middle school and high school students are not testing proficiently in STEM subjects. The BETA team worked to improve biology classroom engagement through the development of technologies for high school biology experiments. The BETA project team expanded functionality of an existing product line to allow for better student and teacher user experience and the execution of more interesting experiments. The BETA project’s first goal was to create a modular incubating Box for the high school classroom. This Box, called the BETA Box was designed with a variety of sensors to allow for custom temperature and lighting environments for each experiment. It was completed with a clear interface to control the settings and an automatic image capture system. The team also conducted a feasibility study on auto calibration and dual-extrusion for SE3D’s existing 3D bioprinter. The findings of this study led to the incorporation of a force sensor for auto calibration and the evidence to support the feasibility of dual extrusion, although further work is needed. These additions to the current SE3D educational product line will increase effectiveness in the classroom and allow the target audience, high school students, to better engage in STEM education activities

Unification modulo a partial theory of exponentiation

Modular exponentiation is a common mathematical operation in modern cryptography. This, along with modular multiplication at the base and exponent levels (to different moduli) plays an important role in a large number of key agreement protocols. In our earlier work, we gave many decidability as well as undecidability results for multiple equational theories, involving various properties of modular exponentiation. Here, we consider a partial subtheory focussing only on exponentiation and multiplication operators. Two main results are proved. The first result is positive, namely, that the unification problem for the above theory (in which no additional property is assumed of the multiplication operators) is decidable. The second result is negative: if we assume that the two multiplication operators belong to two different abelian groups, then the unification problem becomes undecidable.Comment: In Proceedings UNIF 2010, arXiv:1012.455

I-BEAT: New ultrasonic method for single bunch measurement of ion energy distribution

The shape of a wave carries all information about the spatial and temporal structure of its source, given that the medium and its properties are known. Most modern imaging methods seek to utilize this nature of waves originating from Huygens' principle. We discuss the retrieval of the complete kinetic energy distribution from the acoustic trace that is recorded when a short ion bunch deposits its energy in water. This novel method, which we refer to as Ion-Bunch Energy Acoustic Tracing (I-BEAT), is a generalization of the ionoacoustic approach. Featuring compactness, simple operation, indestructibility and high dynamic ranges in energy and intensity, I-BEAT is a promising approach to meet the needs of petawatt-class laser-based ion accelerators. With its capability of completely monitoring a single, focused proton bunch with prompt readout it, is expected to have particular impact for experiments and applications using ultrashort ion bunches in high flux regimes. We demonstrate its functionality using it with two laser-driven ion sources for quantitative determination of the kinetic energy distribution of single, focused proton bunches.Comment: Paper: 17 Pages, 3 figures Supplementary Material 16 pages, 7 figure

The Austrian Sociological Association and Austrian Sociology - another view

"In the June 2002 issue of International Sociology, Christian Fleck published a report on the Austrian Sociological Association (OeGS) which was very critical of that association and the achievements of Austrian sociology in general. In this paper, we argue that this was a rather one-sided view. We show that the OeGS and its members have been very active in fostering international contacts with sociologists from neighbouring countries (Germany, Switzerland, Hungary, Slovakia, Poland), by organising common congresses and workshops, and publishing books. In the Eighties, one of the most important achievements – comitted by Fleck - was the initiation of the European Sociological Association and the organisation of the first European Congress of Sociology in Vienna in 1992. Fleck not only disparages the achievement of Austrian sociology in the Sixties and Seventies, but even more so those in the Eighties and Nineties. Between 1950 and 2002, Austrian sociologists have published nearly 1200 books (Haller 2004) thus contributing significantly to the establishment of sociological research and thinking about contemporary Austrian society." (author's abstract

Equity valuation : Beiersdorf AG

This dissertation aims to determine the target price of Beiersdorf AG, a leading player in the personal care and self-adhesives market, to issue a buy, hold or sell recommendation relative to the market price. Thus, the underlying research question is: “What is Beiersdorf’s fair value per share at the 01st of January 2019 and resulting upside or downside potential for investors?”. The valuation for German DAX listed Beiersdorf is based on a profound company, competitor and market analysis, including past development and future outlook of Beiersdorf’s financials and market trends in the consumer goods and adhesives industry. The valuation techniques comprise the WACC DCF-method as representative for the intrinsic valuation and is complemented by a relative valuation, using trading forward-multiples. The valuation results in a target price range of EUR 94.40 to 97.84 per share. Compared with a closing price of EUR 91.16 per share on Friday, the 28th of December 2019 (last trading day in 2018), a hold recommendation can be addressed due the marginal deviation of only +3.6 percent to +7.3 percent. Furthermore, the hold recommendation is in line with the equity research of Credit Suisse.Esta dissertação tem o objetivo de determinar o preço-alvo da Beiersdorf AG, uma empresa líder de mercado nos setores de higiene pessoal e adesivos, e de emitir uma recomendação de compra, neutra ou de venda em relação ao seu preço de mercado. Por esta razão, a principal pergunta a ser investigada é “Qual é o valor justo de uma ação da Beiersdorf no dia 1 de Janeiro de 2019, e a consequente possibilidade de ganho ou perda para os investidores?”. A avaliação da Beiersdorf, cotada na DAX, é baseada numa análise da empresa, da concorrência e do mercado, incluindo desenvolvimentos passados e perspetivas futuras da performance financeira da Beiersdorf e das tendências no mercado de bens de consumo e na indústria dos pensos. As técnicas de avaliação incluem o método WACC-DCF como representante da avaliação intrínseca, e é complementado como a utilização de múltiplos prospetivos, como técnica de avaliação relativa. A avaliação resulta num preço alvo entre EUR 94.40 e 97.84 por ação. Comparando com o preço de fecho de EUR 91.16 a 28 de Dezembro de 2019 (o último dia de mercado de 2018), uma recomendação neutral é emitida dado o desvio marginal em relação ao intervalo-alvo (+3.6% a 7.3%). A recomendação neutral está alinhada com a previsão do Credit Suisse

Detection and 3D modelling of vehicles from terrestrial stereo image pairs

The detection and pose estimation of vehicles plays an important role for automated and autonomous moving objects e.g. in autonomous driving environments. We tackle that problem on the basis of street level stereo images, obtained from a moving vehicle. Processing every stereo pair individually, our approach is divided into two subsequent steps: the vehicle detection and the modelling step. For the detection, we make use of the 3D stereo information and incorporate geometric assumptions on vehicle inherent properties in a firstly applied generic 3D object detection. By combining our generic detection approach with a state of the art vehicle detector, we are able to achieve satisfying detection results with values for completeness and correctness up to more than 86%. By fitting an object specific vehicle model into the vehicle detections, we are able to reconstruct the vehicles in 3D and to derive pose estimations as well as shape parameters for each vehicle. To deal with the intra-class variability of vehicles, we make use of a deformable 3D active shape model learned from 3D CAD vehicle data in our model fitting approach. While we achieve encouraging values up to 67.2% for correct position estimations, we are facing larger problems concerning the orientation estimation. The evaluation is done by using the object detection and orientation estimation benchmark of the KITTI dataset (Geiger et al., 2012)