Duales Studium aus arbeitsrechtlicher Perspektive | Dual Studierende im Spannungsverhältnis zwischen Arbeitsrecht und Hochschulrecht

Der Autor untersucht die arbeitsrechtliche Dimension des dualen Studiums, das sich als Hybridformat mit seiner systematischen Theorie-Praxis-Verzahnung in verschiedene Erscheinungsformen unterteilt. Dabei kommt er zu dem Ergebnis, dass das Berufsbildungsgesetz (BBiG) als passendes Regulativ zur rechtlichen Einhegung der Praxisphasen dualer Studiengänge taugt. Durch das bestehende individual- und kollektivarbeitsrechtliche Regelungssystem sind dual Studierende im Betrieb hinreichend geschützt. An der Schnittstelle von Arbeitsrecht und Hochschulrecht wird eine Aufspaltung des privatrechtlichen Praxisphasenvertrages vom öffentlich-rechtlichen Studienverhältnis vorgenommen. Unter Berücksichtigung kompetenzrechtlicher Wertungen sind die Praxis- und Theoriephasen nicht als öffentlich-rechtliche Einheit, sondern rechtlich getrennt voneinander zu betrachten. In einem zweiten Schritt werden die Folgen der Anwendbarkeit des BBiG – insbesondere auf die Vertragsgestaltungspraxis – untersucht.»Dual Studies from a Labour Law Perspective. Dual Track Students in the Area of Tension between Labour Law and Higher Education Law«: The author examines the labour law dimension of dual studies, a hybrid format with its systematic interlinking of theory and practice, which is subdivided into different types. He comes to the conclusion that the Vocational Training Act (BBiG) is an appropriate regulation for the legal containment of the practical phases of dual study programmes. The existing individual and collective labour law system provides sufficient protection for dual track students in the company

Interpretation of Raman spectra of the zircon-hafnon solid solution

Zircon (ZrSiO4), hafnon (HfSiO4) and five intermediate compositions were synthesized from a Pb silicate melt. The resulting crystals were 20-300 mu m in size and displayed sector and growth zoning. Raman spectra were acquired at locations in the sample for which preceding electron microprobe (EMP) analyses revealed sufficient compositional homogeneity. The dataset documents shifts of Raman bands with changing composition. In this study, bands that have previously not been reported were found for the intermediate compositions and for pure hafnon, in particular at wavenumbers less than 200 cm(-1). For these external modes, the dataset provides new insight into the compositional dependence of their frequencies. Density-functional theory calculations support the observations and are used for a detailed interpretation of the spectra. The pitfalls of the EMP analysis along the zircon-hafnon join are highlighted

A hydrothermal apparatus for x-ray absorption spectroscopy of hydrothermal fluids at DESY

We present a new autoclave that enables in situ characterization of hydrothermal fluids at high pressures and high temperatures at synchrotron x-ray radiation sources. The autoclave has been specifically designed to enable x-ray absorption spectroscopy in fluids with applications to mineral solubility and element speciation analysis in hydrothermal fluids in complex compositions. However, other applications, such as Raman spectroscopy, in high-pressure fluids are also possible with the autoclave. First experiments were run at pressures between 100 and 600 bars and at temperatures between 25 °C and 550 °C, and preliminary results on scheelite dissolution in fluids of different compositions show that the autoclave is well suited to study the behavior of ore-forming metals at P–T conditions relevant to the Earth’s crust

A hydrothermal apparatus for x-ray absorption spectroscopy of hydrothermal fluids at DESY

We present a new autoclave that enables in situ characterization of hydrothermal fluids at high pressures and high temperatures at synchrotron x-ray radiation sources. The autoclave has been specifically designed to enable x-ray absorption spectroscopy in fluids with applications to mineral solubility and element speciation analysis in hydrothermal fluids in complex compositions. However, other applications, such as Raman spectroscopy, in high-pressure fluids are also possible with the autoclave. First experiments were run at pressures between 100 and 600 bars and at temperatures between 25 °C and 550 °C, and preliminary results on scheelite dissolution in fluids of different compositions show that the autoclave is well suited to study the behavior of ore-forming metals at P–T conditions relevant to the Earth’s crust

Anti-PlGF inhibits growth of VEGF(R)-inhibitor-resistant tumors without affecting healthy vessels

Novel antiangiogenic strategies with complementary mechanisms are needed to maximize efficacy and minimize resistance to current angiogenesis inhibitors. We explored the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of alphaPlGF, an antibody against placental growth factor (PlGF), a VEGF homolog, which regulates the angiogenic switch in disease, but not in health. alphaPlGF inhibited growth and metastasis of various tumors, including those resistant to VEGF(R) inhibitors (VEGF(R)Is), and enhanced the efficacy of chemotherapy and VEGF(R)Is. alphaPlGF inhibited angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and tumor cell motility. Distinct from VEGF(R)Is, alphaPlGF prevented infiltration of angiogenic macrophages and severe tumor hypoxia, and thus, did not switch on the angiogenic rescue program responsible for resistance to VEGF(R)Is. Moreover, it did not cause or enhance VEGF(R)I-related side effects. The efficacy and safety of alphaPlGF, its pleiotropic and complementary mechanism to VEGF(R)Is, and the negligible induction of an angiogenic rescue program suggest that alphaPlGF may constitute a novel approach for cancer treatment.status: publishe